redis集群一直是后台开发的重点,自己搭建一个Redis集群并探究集群是对自己非常有帮助的事,本篇文章重点现在我们先搭建一个Redis集群,对Redis其他的知识点将写在后续的文章中。
1:机器环境
Redis集群搭建的方式有多种,例如Redis主从复制、Sentinel高可用集群等,但从Redis 3.0之后版本支持Redis-cluster集群,Redis-Cluster采用无中心结构,每个节点保存数据和整个集群状态,每个节点都和其他所有节点连接。
Redis > 3.0
linux: CentOS 7.2
2:下载redis
wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
tar -zxvf redis-4.0.8.tar.gz
解压之后会生成 redis-4.0.8 目录
3:编译
cd redis-4.0.8
make
cd src & make test
编译完成之后,你在src目录下能看到这些bin文件:
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2432992 Apr 10 13:34 redis-benchmark
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 25176 Apr 10 13:34 redis-check-aof
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5192440 Apr 10 13:34 redis-check-rdb
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2586080 Apr 10 13:34 redis-cli
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Apr 10 13:34 redis-sentinel
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5192440 Apr 10 13:34 redis-server
命令解释:
redis-server:Redis 服务端的启动程序 。
redis-cli:Redis客户端程序,也可以用 telnet 根据其纯文本协议来操作Redis缓存。
redis-benchmark:Redis 性能测试工具,测试 Redis 在当前系统下的读写性能。
redis-check-aof:数据修复。
redis-check-dump:检查导出工具。
3:集群
Redis集群最低需要3主3从的实例,所以需要你启动6份Redis,你可以将上面3编译的文件拷贝成6份,可以放在 /opt/redis_cluster 目录下
(1):cd /opt & mkdir redis_cluster
(2):cp -r /opt/redis-4.0.8 ./redis_cluster
(3):mv redis-4.0.8 redis-6380
重复操作(2)、(3)操作,生成 redis-6381、redis-6382、redis-6383、redis-6384、redis-6385 五份redis目录。
现在假定我们三主三从如下:
Master:127.0.0.1:6380 Slave:127.0.0.1:6383
Master:127.0.0.1:6381 Slave: 127.0.0.1:6384
Master:127.0.0.1:6382 Slave: 127.0.0.1:6385
创建集群数据的存放目录:
cd / & mkdir /data/redis
cd /data/redis
mkdir -p 6380 6381 6382 6383 6385 63805
4:修改配置文件 redis.conf
(1):cd /opt/redis_cluster/redis-6380
(2):vim redis.conf
port 6380
pidfile /data/6380/redis.pid
logfile /data/6380/redis.log
loglevel notice
dir /data/6380
dbfilename dump.rdb
protected-mode no # 禁用保护模式(避免影响主从复制)
cluster-enabled yes # 开启cluster模式
cluster-config-file nodes.conf # 记录集群信息,cluster集群自动维护,不用手动更新、创建
cluster-node-timeout 5000 # 节点超时时间,目标节点超过指定时间没响应,就标记为FAIL或PFAIL(可能宕机)
appendonly yes
依次进入redis-6381、redis-6382、redis-6383、redis-6384、redis-6385,根据(2)操作依次修改各自目录的redis.conf文件
5:安装redis-trib.rb需要的依赖环境
安装Epel源:wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
安装Ruby环境:yum install ruby rubygems -y
使用国内源: gem sources --add http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/ --remove https://rubygems.org/
检查源: gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/
安装依赖软件: gem install redis -v 3.3.3
拷贝redis-trib.rb 文件:cp /opt/redis_cluster/redis-6380/src/redis-trib.rb /opt/redis_cluster
6:启动各Redis实例
/opt/redis_cluster/redis-6380/src/redis-server /opt/redis_cluster/redis-6380/redis.conf
/opt/redis_cluster/redis-6381/src/redis-server /opt/redis_cluster/redis-6382/redis.conf
......
7:启动集群
/opt/redis_cluster/redis-trib.rb create --replicas 1 192.168.190.128:6380 192.168.190.128:6381 192.168.190.128:6382 192.168.190.128:6383 192.168.190.128:6384 192.168.190.128:6385
注意:不建议使用127.0.0.1这样的ip,可能会造成客户端无法连接到集群
命令参数的含义:
选项 create 表示希望创建一个新的集群。
选项 --replicas 1 表示希望集群中的每个主节点创建一个从节点。
之后跟着的多个host:port参数,则是实例的地址列表,希望程序使用这些地址所指示的实例来创建新集群。
ERROR错误提示:如果集群节点少于6个,使用redis-trib.rb创建集群会提示如下信息
>>> Creatingcluster
ERROR: Invalid configuration for cluster creation.
Redis Cluster requires at least 3 master nodes.
This is not possible with 4 nodes and 1 replicas per node.
At least 6 nodes are required.
redis-trib 会打印出一份预想中的配置,如果没问题就可以输入 yes ,redis-trib 就会将这份配置应用到集群当中
>>> Creating cluster
>>> Performing hash slots allocation on 6 nodes...
Using 3 masters:
127.0.0.1:6380
127.0.0.1:6381
127.0.0.1:6382
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6384 to 127.0.0.1:6380
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6385 to 127.0.0.1:6381
Adding replica 127.0.0.1:6383 to 127.0.0.1:6382
>>> Trying to optimize slaves allocation for anti-affinity
[WARNING] Some slaves are in the same host as their master
M: 377d7ce63974c82f5b3fcf4e5892ea7a3a6932b9 127.0.0.1:6380
slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
M: 7eb9d21556d11826c420b61ed98aa2107b9dc36c 127.0.0.1:6381
slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
M: e7dcd03ebbd21de2e8333544005e117ade5770ed 127.0.0.1:6382
slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
S: e7576762471f895ea9d86d85a901505deb9357b2 127.0.0.1:6383
replicates 377d7ce63974c82f5b3fcf4e5892ea7a3a6932b9
S: 231e980c377d0dce3165fb2a6c77dc662ea3c29c 127.0.0.1:6384
replicates 7eb9d21556d11826c420b61ed98aa2107b9dc36c
S: 349a793ae2f95a7dbf15e63e2e5a7777f3be11ac 127.0.0.1:6385
replicates e7dcd03ebbd21de2e8333544005e117ade5770ed
Can I set the above configuration? (type 'yes' to accept): yes
>>> Nodes configuration updated
>>> Assign a different config epoch to each node
>>> Sending CLUSTER MEET messages to join the cluster
Waiting for the cluster to join.
>>> Performing Cluster Check (using node 127.0.0.1:6380)
M: 377d7ce63974c82f5b3fcf4e5892ea7a3a6932b9 127.0.0.1:6380
slots:0-5460 (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
M: 7eb9d21556d11826c420b61ed98aa2107b9dc36c 127.0.0.1:6381
slots:5461-10922 (5462 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 349a793ae2f95a7dbf15e63e2e5a7777f3be11ac 127.0.0.1:6385
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates e7dcd03ebbd21de2e8333544005e117ade5770ed
S: e7576762471f895ea9d86d85a901505deb9357b2 127.0.0.1:6383
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 377d7ce63974c82f5b3fcf4e5892ea7a3a6932b9
M: e7dcd03ebbd21de2e8333544005e117ade5770ed 127.0.0.1:6382
slots:10923-16383 (5461 slots) master
1 additional replica(s)
S: 231e980c377d0dce3165fb2a6c77dc662ea3c29c 127.0.0.1:6384
slots: (0 slots) slave
replicates 7eb9d21556d11826c420b61ed98aa2107b9dc36c
[OK] All nodes agree about slots configuration.
>>> Check for open slots...
>>> Check slots coverage...
[OK] All 16384 slots covered.
8:测试集群
/opt/redis_cluster/redis-6380/src/redis-cli -c -p 6380
127.0.0.1:6380> set msg "oldboy"
-> Redirected to slot [6257] located at 127.0.0.1:6381
OK
127.0.0.1:6381> get msg
"oldboy"
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