Android中,一个应用程序的开始是从ActivityThread.java中的main()方法开始的。
public static void main(String[] args){
...
Looper.prepareMainLooper();
//初始化Looper
...
ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();
//实例化一个ActivityThread
thread.attach(false);
//这个方法最后就是为了发送出创建Application的消息
...
Looper.loop();
//主线程进入无限循环状态,等待接收消息
}
ActivityThread的attach()方法最终的目的是发送出一条创建Application的消息——H.BIND_APPLICATION,到主线程的主Handler。
final ApplicationThread mAppThread = new ApplicationThread();
public void attach(boolean system){
...
final IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault();
//获得IActivityManager实例,下面会看看它是个啥
try {
mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread);
//看见没?关键啊。mAppThread这个参数下面也会说一下
} catch (RemoteException ex) {
throw ex.rethrowFromSystemServer();
}
...
}
IActivityManager 是一个接口,调用ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()获得的实际是一个代理类的实例ActivityManagerProxy
public ActivityManagerProxy(IBinder remote) {
mRemote = remote;
}
static public IActivityManager asInterface(IBinder obj) {
if (obj == null) {
return null;
}
IActivityManager in =
(IActivityManager)obj.queryLocalInterface(descriptor);
//先检查一下有没有
if (in != null) {
return in;
}
...
return new ActivityManagerProxy(obj);
//这个地方调用了构造函数
}
private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> gDefault =
new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
protected IActivityManager create() {
IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService("activity");
//重点啊!IBinder实例就是在这里获得的。
...
IActivityManager am = asInterface(b);
//调用了上面的方法。
...
return am;
}
};
接下来看看attachApplication这个方法到底是做了些什么?
final ApplicationThread mAppThread = new ApplicationThread();
public void attachApplication(IApplicationThread app){
...
mRemote.transact(ATTACH_APPLICATION_TRANSACTION, data, reply, 0);
...
}
调用了IBinder实例的tansact()方法,并且把参数app放到了data中,最终传递给ActivityManager
IApplicationThread 又是什么东东?通过源码我们可以发现
private class ApplicationThread extends ApplicationThreadNative{
...
}
public abstract class ApplicationThreadNative extends Binder
implements IApplicationThread{
...
//无参构造函数
public ApplicationThreadNative() {
//这是Binder的
attachInterface(this, descriptor);
}
...
}
public interface IApplicationThread extends IInterface {
...
String descriptor = "android.app.IApplicationThread";
//留意下这个参数
...
}
ApplicationThread最终也是一个Binder!同时,由于实现了IApplicationThread接口,所以它也是一个IApplicationThread.
至此为止Binder就和AMS之间保持着通讯了。
ActivityManagerService调度发送初始化消息
AMS里面有一个attachApplicationLocked方法
private final boolean attachApplicationLocked(IApplicationThread thread
, int pid) {
...
thread.bindApplication();
...
}
其实,最终也是会调用自己的bindApplication方法,初始化Application信息。
public final void bindApplication(String processName,
ApplicationInfo appInfo,
List<ProviderInfo> providers,
ComponentName instrumentationName,
ProfilerInfo profilerInfo,
Bundle instrumentationArgs,
IInstrumentationWatcher instrumentationWatcher,
IUiAutomationConnection instrumentationUiConnection,
int debugMode,
boolean enableBinderTracking,
boolean trackAllocation,
boolean isRestrictedBackupMode,
boolean persistent,
Configuration config,
CompatibilityInfo compatInfo,
Map<String, IBinder> services,
Bundle coreSettings){
...
sendMessage(H.BIND_APPLICATION, data);
}
这个函数里面最重要的就是其实就是发了一条H.BIND_APPLICATION消息,通知主线程初始化Application。
private void handleBindApplication(AppBindData data) {
...
mInstrumentation = (Instrumentation)
cl.loadClass(data.instrumentationName.getClassName())
.newInstance();
//通过反射初始化一个Instrumentation仪表。后面会介绍。
...
Application app = data.info.makeApplication(data.restrictedBackupMode, null);
//通过LoadedApp命令创建Application实例
mInitialApplication = app;
...
mInstrumentation.callApplicationOnCreate(app);
//让仪器调用Application的onCreate()方法
...
}
public void callApplicationOnCreate(Application app) {
app.onCreate();
}
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