Words

1. scope

活动、话题或作品的)范围 The scope of an activity, topic, or piece of work is the whole area which it deals with or includes.

e.g. ...the scope of a novel.

小说所涉及的范围

2. pilot

试验性的方案；试点性的项目 A pilot scheme or a pilot project is one which is used to test an idea before deciding whether to introduce it on a larger scale.

一般出现的搭配为 pilot program

3. bring somebody/something to their knees

在文章中看到这个表达觉得很好，特意摘出来，有两个意思

  a.  打败、摧毁 to defeat a country or group of people in a war:

e.g. The bombing was supposed to bring the country to its knees.

  b. 使瘫痪 to have such a bad effect on an organization, activity etc that it cannot continue

个人感悟

今天阅读感受最深的一点就是环境的重要性，作者在文中称其为 system

So often the problem is in the system, not in the people. If you put people in bad systems, you get bad results. You have to water the flowers you want to grow.

虽然古语有云：出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖。但这毕竟说的是少数极具自制力和坚守自我的人，我更相信另一句话 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。所以作者在文中要建立一个双赢系统，来加强这种思维。

They can transform unnecessarily competitive situations to cooperative ones and can powerfully impact their effectiveness by building both P and PC.