微服务SpringCloudAlibaba配置汇总

SpringCloudAlibaba父类

在pom.xml中添加spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies统一管理版本:

            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

微服务管理Nacos

Nacos 致力于帮助您发现、配置和管理微服务。Nacos 提供了一组简单易用的特性集，帮助您快速实现动态服务发现、服务配置、服务元数据及流量管理。

添加依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

增加注解application

通过 @EnableDiscoveryClient 注解表明是一个 Nacos 客户端，该注解是 Spring Cloud 提供的原生注解

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class NacosProviderApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosProviderApplication.class, args);
    }

    @RestController
    public class EchoController {
        @GetMapping(value = "/echo/{message}")
        public String echo(@PathVariable String message) {
            return "Hello Nacos Discovery " + message;
        }
    }
}

配置application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848

注：server-addr为Nacos Server 网址

熔断处理Sentinel

Sentinel 以流量为切入点，从流量控制、熔断降级、系统负载保护等多个维度保护服务的稳定性。

添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>

修改Application

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCircuitBreaker
public class TestApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
    }
}

使用注解@SentinelResource

    @SentinelResource(fallback = "fallbackEcho")
    @GetMapping(value = "/echo/app/name")
    public String echo() {
        TbUser tbUser = new TbUser();
        tbUser.setUsername("adfad");
        TbUser serviceOne = userService.findOne(tbUser);
        return "test";
    }

    public String fallbackEcho(){
        return "error";
    }

feign客户端使用

//feign客户端使用时，需要开启
feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true

Sentinel 监视器

Sentinel 以流量为切入点，从流量控制、熔断降级、系统负载保护等多个维度保护服务的稳定性。

添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置application.yml

spring:
  cloud:
    sentinel:
      transport:
        port: 8721    //sentinel监视端口
        dashboard: 192.168.25.132:8080    //sentinel服务地址

服务配置中心Nacos Config

使用 Spring Cloud Alibaba Nacos Config，您可以在 Nacos Server 集中管理你 Spring Cloud 应用的外部属性配置。

添加依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置bootstrap.properties

# 多环境配置
spring.profiles.active=prod
# 这里的应用名对应 Nacos Config 中的 Data ID，实际应用名称以配置中心的配置为准
spring.application.name=nacos-provider-config
# 指定查找名为 nacos-provider-config.yaml 的配置文件
spring.cloud.nacos.config.file-extension=yaml
# Nacos Server 的地址
spring.cloud.nacos.config.server-addr=127.0.0.1:8848
# 关闭或开启动态刷新(默认是true)
spring.cloud.nacos.config.refresh.enabled=true

注意：Spring Boot 配置文件的加载顺序，依次为 bootstrap.properties -> bootstrap.yml -> application.properties -> application.yml ，其中 bootstrap.properties 配置为最高优先级

消息队列RocketMQ

RocketMQ 是一款开源的分布式消息系统，基于高可用分布式集群技术，提供低延时的、高可靠的消息发布与订阅服务。

添加依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-stream-rocketmq</artifactId>
        </dependency>

生产者配置

配置Application

配置 Output(Source.class) 的 Binding 信息并配合 @EnableBinding 注解使其生效

import com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.alibaba.rocketmq.provider.service.ProviderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Source;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBinding({Source.class})
public class RocketMQProviderApplication{

    @Autowired
    private ProviderService providerService;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RocketMQProviderApplication.class, args);
    }

    /**
     * 实现了 CommandLineRunner 接口，只是为了 Spring Boot 启动时执行任务，不必特别在意
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
        providerService.send("Hello RocketMQ");
    }
}

配置application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: rocketmq-producer
  cloud:
    stream:
      rocketmq:
        binder:
          name-server: 192.168.25.139:9876
      bindings:
        # 这里是个 Map 类型参数，{} 为 YAML 中 Map 的行内写法
        output: {destination: email-topic, content-type: application/json}

server:
  port: 9093

运行成功后即可在 RocketMQ 控制台的 消息 列表中选择 test-topic 主题即可看到发送的消息

样例

    @Autowired
    private MessageChannel output;

    public void sendMessage(String email){
        output.send(MessageBuilder.withPayload(email).build());
    }

消费者配置

配置Application

配置 Input(Sink.class) 的 Binding 信息并配合 @EnableBinding 注解使其生效

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.annotation.EnableBinding;
import org.springframework.cloud.stream.messaging.Sink;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableBinding({Sink.class})
public class RocketMQConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(RocketMQConsumerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

配置application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: rocketmq-consumer
  cloud:
    stream:
      rocketmq:
        binder:
          name-server: 192.168.25.139:9876
        bindings:
          input:
            consumer:
              broadcasting: true    # 设置消费模式为广播模式，不设置默认为队列模式
      bindings:
        input: {destination: email-topic, content-type: text/plain, group: email-group, consumer.concurrency: 1}

server:
  port: 9094

样例

    @StreamListener("input")
    public void sendSimpleEmail(String email) {
           System.out.println(email);
    }

RPC框架DUBBO

RPC框架分为提供方和消费方，提供方提供服务，消费方消费服务。这里采用nacos注册中心和Dubbo框架配置。

提供方和消费方添加相同依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

提供方application.yml配置

spring:
  application:
    name: provider
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.25.138:8848
dubbo:
  consumer:
    default: false
  registry:
    address: nacos://192.168.25.138:8848
  scan:
    basePackages: com.demon.yunyoga.admin.email.service
  #Dubbo 服务暴露的协议配置，其中子属性 name 为协议名称，port 为协议端口（ -1 表示自增端口，从 20880 开始）
  protocol:
    port: -1

消费方application.yml配置

spring:
  application:
    name: consumer
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 192.168.25.138:8848
dubbo:
  registry:
    address: nacos://192.168.25.138:8848
  consumer:
    default: true
    check: false
    timeout: 40000