一、前绪
使用SRPM包进行驱动的安装。通过安装Mellanox驱动为实例，进行实验，了解安装过程。
二、安装过程
1. 安装前环境检查
[root@test01 ~]# cat /etc/centos-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core)
[root@test01 ~]# modprobe mlx5_core
[root@test01 ~]# modinfo mlx5_core |grep version
version: 3.0-1
rhelversion: 7.4
srcversion: 6B257EBEC4CCEF0E923530F
vermagic: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 SMP mod_unload modversions
[root@test01 ~]#
2. 下载驱动
网址为：http://www.mellanox.com/page/products_dyn?product_family=27
下载驱动的界面
[root@test01 ~]# wget http://www.mellanox.com/downloads/ofed/MLNX_EN-4.4-1.0.1.0/MLNX_EN_SRC-4.4-1.0.1.0.tgz
[root@test01 ~]# tar -zxvf MLNX_EN_SRC-4.4-1.0.1.0.tgz
[root@test01 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg MLNX_EN_SRC-4.4-1.0.1.0 MLNX_EN_SRC-4.4-1.0.1.0.tgz
[root@test01 ~]# cd MLNX_EN_SRC-4.4-1.0.1.0/SRPMS/
[root@test01 SRPMS]# ls
mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.src.rpm mlnx-ofa_kernel-4.4-OFED.4.4.1.0.1.1.g3097d75.src.rpm
[root@test01 SRPMS]#
3. 编译SRPM包
通过名字可以知道，mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.src.rpm是我们需要安装的源码包
[root@test01 SRPMS]# yum install rpm-build
[root@test01 SRPMS]# rpmbuild --rebuild mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.src.rpm
...
configure: error: in `/root/rpmbuild/BUILD/mlnx-en-4.4/obj/default/compat':
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
RPM build errors:
user builder does not exist - using root
Bad exit status from /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.9pRVH1 (%build)
通过报错我们知道，缺少编译器，所以我们安装gcc
[root@test01 SRPMS]# yum install gcc
[root@test01 SRPMS]# rpmbuild --rebuild mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.src.rpm
checking for Linux sources... /usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64
checking for /usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64... no
configure: error: Kernel source /usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 could not be found.
通过报错我们知道，缺少kernel-devel。一般安装驱动都需要这个。
[root@test01 SRPMS]# rpm -ivh http://vault.centos.org/7.4.1708/os/x86_64/Packages/kernel-devel-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@test01 SRPMS]# rpmbuild --rebuild mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.src.rpm
...
+ rm -rf mlnx-en-4.4
+ exit 0
4. 安装RPM驱动包
咋这么多包？用哪个呢？
[root@test01 SRPMS]# cd /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/
[root@test01 x86_64]# ls
mlnx_en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver.3.10.0_693.el7.x86_64.x86_64.rpm mlnx-en-doc-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.x86_64.rpm mlnx-en-utils-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.x86_64.rpm
mlnx-en-debuginfo-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.x86_64.rpm mlnx-en-sources-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.x86_64.rpm
查看每个包的信息，主要看描述。
从描述上看大体上应该是这两个包有用。
[root@test01 x86_64]# rpm -qpi mlnx_en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver.3.10.0_693.el7.x86_64.x86_64.rpm
Name : mlnx_en
Version : 4.4
Release : 1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver.3.10.0_693.el7.x86_64
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: (not installed)
Group : System Environment/Base
Size : 2072959
License : GPLv2
Signature : (none)
Source RPM : mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.src.rpm
Build Date : Sat 11 Aug 2018 04:56:51 AM EDT
Build Host : localhost
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Vendor : Mellanox Technologies
URL : http://www.mellanox.com
Summary : Ethernet NIC Driver
Description :
ConnectX Ehternet device driver
The driver sources are located at: http://www.mellanox.com/downloads/Drivers/mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.tgz
[root@test01 x86_64]# rpm -qpi mlnx-en-utils-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.x86_64.rpm
Name : mlnx-en-utils
Version : 4.4
Release : 1.0.1.0.g3097d75
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: (not installed)
Group : System Environment/Libraries
Size : 289106
License : GPLv2
Signature : (none)
Source RPM : mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.src.rpm
Build Date : Sat 11 Aug 2018 04:56:51 AM EDT
Build Host : localhost
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Vendor : Mellanox Technologies
URL : http://www.mellanox.com
Summary : Utilities for the Mellanox Ethernet Driver for Linux
Description :
Utilities for the Mellanox Ethernet Driver for Linux
The driver sources are located at: http://www.mellanox.com/downloads/Drivers/mlnx-en-4.4-1.0.1.tgz
查看是否包含驱动文件*.ko
[root@test01 x86_64]# rpm -qpl mlnx_en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver.3.10.0_693.el7.x86_64.x86_64.rpm |grep ko
/lib/modules/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64/extra/mlnx-en/compat/mlx_compat.ko
/lib/modules/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64/extra/mlnx-en/drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx4/mlx4_ib.ko
/lib/modules/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64/extra/mlnx-en/drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/mlx5_ib.ko
/lib/modules/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64/extra/mlnx-en/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/mlx4_core.ko
/lib/modules/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64/extra/mlnx-en/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx4/mlx4_en.ko
/lib/modules/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64/extra/mlnx-en/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlx5/core/mlx5_core.ko
/lib/modules/3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64/extra/mlnx-en/drivers/net/ethernet/mellanox/mlxfw/mlxfw.ko
经查看，只有mlnx_en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver.3.10.0_693.el7.x86_64.x86_64.rpm有驱动文件，所以进行安装。
[root@test01 x86_64]# rpm -ivh mlnx_en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver.3.10.0_693.el7.x86_64.x86_64.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
mlnx-en-utils is needed by mlnx_en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver.3.10.0_693.el7.x86_64.x86_64
[root@test01 x86_64]# rpm -ivh mlnx-en-utils-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mlnx-en-utils-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d7################################# [100%]
[root@test01 x86_64]# rpm -ivh mlnx_en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver.3.10.0_693.el7.x86_64.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:mlnx_en-4.4-1.0.1.0.g3097d75.kver################################# [100%]
5. 验证
[root@test01 x86_64]# modinfo mlx5_core |grep version
version: 4.4-1.0.1
rhelversion: 7.4
srcversion: 1E2A3C67DF295A97772E512
vermagic: 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 SMP mod_unload modversions
三、问题
有些驱动厂家为了给客户提供更好的服务，在安装驱动的时候附加了许多额外功能。这也就是为什么我们编译出来的RPM包这么多的原因。而日常工作中，厂家提供的这些额外功能基本上用不到，可以不用安装。
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