---

layout: post
title: "cURL"
date: 2016-05-12 20:52:24 +0800
comments: true
categories:

---

cURl的概念

cURL（Client URL Library Functions）使用URL语法传输数据的命令行工具

使用场景

• 网页资源

  • 网页爬虫

• WebService数据接口资源

  • 动态获取接口数据，如天气 号码归属地等

• FTP服务器里面的文件资源

  • 下载Ftp里面的文件

• 其他资源

  • 所有网络上的资源都可以用cURL访问和下载

确定是否支持cURLphp -i |grep cURL

cURL操作步骤

• 初始化
  • curl_init()
• 执行
  • curl_exec()
• 关闭
  • curl_close()

实例

• 简单的网页爬虫

<?php
$curl=curl_init('http://www.baidu.com');
curl_exec($curl);
curl_close($curl);
?>

• 抓取网页并替换部分内容

<?php
/**
 * 在网络上下载一个网页并把内容中的“百度”替换为“GOOD”之后输出
 */
$curlobj = curl_init();         // 初始化
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.baidu.com");     // 设置访问网页的URL
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);            // 执行之后不直接打印出来
$output=curl_exec($curlobj);    // 执行
curl_close($curlobj);           // 关闭cURL
echo str_replace("百度","GOOD",$output);
?>

• 调用WebService获取天气信息
  代码需要修改

<?php
$data = sprintf('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" 
xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <soap:Body>
    <getWeatherbyCityName xmlns="http://WebXml.com.cn/">
      <theCityName>%s</theCityName>
    </getWeatherbyCityName>
  </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>','北京');
$curlobj = curl_init(); 
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx");  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POST, 1);  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); 
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("Content-Type: application/soap+xml; charset=utf-8", 
    "Content-length: ".strlen($data),
    "SOAPAction:\"http://WebXml.com.cn/getWeatherbyCityName\"")); 
$rtn = curl_exec($curlobj);   
if(!curl_errno($curlobj)){
    $info = curl_getinfo($curlobj); 
    print_r($info);
    echo "RETURN: " . $rtn;  
} else {
  echo 'Curl error: ' . curl_error($curlobj);
}
curl_close($curlobj);
?>

• 登录网站并下载个人空间页面

<?php
/**
 * 登录慕课网并下载个人空间页面
 */
$data=array('username' => 'promonkey', 
    'password' => '1q2w3e',
    'remember'=>1);
$data='username=xxx&password=xxx&remember=1';
$curlobj = curl_init();         // 初始化
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.imooc.com/user/login");      // 设置访问网页的URL
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);            // 执行之后不直接打印出来

// Cookie相关设置，这部分设置需要在所有会话开始之前设置
date_default_timezone_set('PRC'); // 使用Cookie时，必须先设置时区
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION, TRUE); 
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); 
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, 1); // 这样能够让cURL支持页面链接跳转

curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POST, 1);  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8", 
    "Content-length: ".strlen($data)
    )); 
curl_exec($curlobj);    // 执行
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "http://www.imooc.com/space/index");
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_POST, 0);  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array("Content-type: text/xml"
    )); 
$output=curl_exec($curlobj);    // 执行
curl_close($curlobj);           // 关闭cURL
echo $output;
?>

• FTP服务器下载文件

<?php
/**
 * 从FTP服务器下载一个文件到本地
 */
$curlobj = curl_init(); 
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "ftp://xxx(ip)/downloaddemo.txt");  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); 
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 300); // times out after 300s
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "xxx:xxx");//FTP用户名：密码
// Sets up the output file
$outfile = fopen('dest.txt', 'wb');//保存到本地的文件名
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_FILE, $outfile);

$rtn = curl_exec($curlobj);  
fclose($outfile); 
if(!curl_errno($curlobj)){
    // $info = curl_getinfo($curlobj); 
    // print_r($info);
    echo "RETURN: " . $rtn;  
} else {
  echo 'Curl error: ' . curl_error($curlobj);
}
curl_close($curlobj);
?>

• 上传文件到FTP

<?php
/**
 * 把本地文件上传到FTP服务器上
 */
$curlobj = curl_init(); 
$localfile = 'ftp01.php';
$fp = fopen($localfile, 'r');

curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "ftp://xxx/ftp01_uploaded.php");  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0); 
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);  
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 300); // times out after 300s
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_USERPWD, "xxx:xxx");//FTP用户名：密码

curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_INFILE, $fp);
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, filesize($localfile));
$rtn = curl_exec($curlobj);  
fclose($fp); 
if(!curl_errno($curlobj)){
    echo "Uploaded successfully.";  
} else {
  echo 'Curl error: ' . curl_error($curlobj);
}
curl_close($curlobj);
?>

• 访问HTTPS资源

<?php
/**
 * 下载网络上面的一个HTTPS的资源
 */
$curlobj = curl_init();         // 初始化
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_URL, "https://ajax.aspnetcdn.com/ajax/jquery.validate/1.12.0/jquery.validate.js");        // 设置访问网页的URL
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);            // 执行之后不直接打印出来

// 设置HTTPS支持
date_default_timezone_set('PRC'); // 使用Cookie时，必须先设置时区
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0); // 对认证证书来源的检查从证书中检查SSL加密算法是否存在
curl_setopt($curlobj, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2); // 

$output=curl_exec($curlobj);    // 执行
curl_close($curlobj);           // 关闭cURL
echo $output;
?>