一些例子
-- select type的多种类型
-- id相同的可以认为是一组,从上往下顺序执行;
-- id不同id值越大,优先级越高,越先被执行。
-- SIMPLE 最简单的查询方式
EXPLAIN select * from myshop.ecs_users where user_id =1;
-- PRIMARY 最外层开始查询
-- UNION,UNION 第一个SELECT 为PRIMARY,第二个及之后的所有SELECT 为 UNION SELECT TYPE;
-- UNION RESULT,每个结果集的取出来后,会做合并操作,这个操作就是 UNION RESULT
EXPLAIN select * from myshop.ecs_users where user_id =1 union select * from myshop.ecs_users where user_id =2;
-- DEPENDENT UNION,子查询中的UNION操作,从UNION 第二个及之后的所有SELECT语句的SELECT TYPE为 DEPENDENT UNION
-- DEPENDENT SUBQUERY,子查询中内层的第一个SELECT,依赖于外部查询的结果集
EXPLAIN select * from myshop.ecs_users where user_id in (
select user_id from myshop.ecs_users where user_id =1 union select user_id from myshop.ecs_users where user_id =2);
-- SUBQUERY,子查询内层查询的第一个SELECT,结果不依赖于外部查询结果集
EXPLAIN select * from myshop.ecs_users where user_id = (
select max(user_id) from myshop.ecs_users where email is null );
-- DERIVED 派生表,子查询在 FROM子句中
EXPLAIN select * from myshop.ecs_users a,
(select max(user_id) as user_id, CURRENT_DATE() from myshop.ecs_users where email is null ) b
where a.user_id = b.user_id;
-- mysql不会为每个子查询都创建派生表,派生表的目的就是用于保存子查询的中间结果
-- 此语句优化后无子查询(子查询展开) EXPLAIN select * from (select user_id from myshop.ecs_users where user_id =1) as a;
-- 默认开启,优化器工作 可以关闭 set optimizer_switch='derived_merge=off';
-- MATERIALIZED 物化子查询
EXPLAIN select * from myshop.ecs_users
where user_id in (
SELECT USER_ID FROM myshop.ecs_order_info where order_id < 10 );
-- 从 MySQL 5.7.20开始,查询缓存就被弃用了,并在 MySQL 8.0中被删除。
-- UNCACHEABLE SUBQUERY 结果集不能被缓存的子查询,不可物化每次都需要计算(动态计算,耗时操作)
EXPLAIN select * from myshop.ecs_users where user_id = (
select max(LAST_INSERT_ID()) as user_id from myshop.ecs_users);
-- UNCACHEABLE UNION UNION中第二个语句或后面的语句属于不可缓存的子查询
EXPLAIN select * from myshop.ecs_users where user_id = (
select max(LAST_INSERT_ID()) as user_id from myshop.ecs_users
union select max(LAST_INSERT_ID()) as user_id from myshop.ecs_users);
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