Elasticsearch搜索关键字不进行分词

一、搜索关键字分词效果

示例：查询名称包含手机的记录

GET /sku/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "手机"
    }
  }
}

结果结果如下：

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 4,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 0.44183272,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "sku",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "Ompe7HEBQIJxGG8U13yY",
        "_score" : 0.44183272,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "小米手机",
          "price" : 200000,
          "spuId" : 101,
          "createTime" : "2020-05-09",
          "brandName" : "小米",
          "categoryName" : "手机",
          "saleNum" : 10012,
          "commentNum" : 323,
          "spec" : {
            "网络制式" : "移动4g",
            "屏幕尺寸" : "4.5"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "sku",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "3",
        "_score" : 0.44183272,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "苹果手机",
          "price" : 100000,
          "spuId" : 10112,
          "createTime" : "2020-05-01",
          "brandName" : "苹果",
          "categoryName" : "手机",
          "saleNum" : 10012,
          "commentNum" : 323,
          "spec" : {
            "网络制式" : "全网",
            "屏幕尺寸" : "56"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "sku",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "4",
        "_score" : 0.44183272,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "vivo手机",
          "price" : 200000,
          "spuId" : 10118,
          "createTime" : "2020-05-01",
          "brandName" : "vivo",
          "categoryName" : "手机",
          "saleNum" : 10012,
          "commentNum" : 323,
          "spec" : {
            "网络制式" : "全网",
            "屏幕尺寸" : "56"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "sku",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "gAWw_nEBqh6AXa2lyxIz",
        "_score" : 0.44183272,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "三星手机",
          "price" : 200000,
          "spuId" : 104,
          "createTime" : "2020-05-09",
          "brandName" : "三星",
          "categoryName" : "手机",
          "saleNum" : 10012,
          "commentNum" : 323,
          "spec" : {
            "网络制式" : "移动4g",
            "屏幕尺寸" : "4.5"
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

如果我们查询“小米电视”会有几条记录被查询出来呢？你可以能说会有一条，但我们测试一下会看到结果为:小米电视、小米手机、三星电视三条结果，这是为什么呢？这是因为在查询时，会先搜索关键字进行分词，对分词后的字符串进行查询（分成小米、电视两个词），只要是包含这些字符串的都是要被查询出来的，多个词之间是or的关系。

但注意，查询结果的匹配分值_score 是不一样的，分值高的排在前面。

搜索：小米电视

GET /sku/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": "小米电视"
    }
  }
}

查询结果：

{
  "took" : 6,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 3,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 2.059239,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "sku",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 2.059239,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "小米电视",
          "price" : 100000,
          "spuId" : 10111,
          "createTime" : "2020-05-01",
          "brandName" : "小米",
          "categoryName" : "电视",
          "saleNum" : 10012,
          "commentNum" : 323,
          "spec" : {
            "网络制式" : "全网",
            "屏幕尺寸" : "56"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "sku",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "Ompe7HEBQIJxGG8U13yY",
        "_score" : 1.0296195,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "小米手机",
          "price" : 200000,
          "spuId" : 101,
          "createTime" : "2020-05-09",
          "brandName" : "小米",
          "categoryName" : "手机",
          "saleNum" : 10012,
          "commentNum" : 323,
          "spec" : {
            "网络制式" : "移动4g",
            "屏幕尺寸" : "4.5"
          }
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "sku",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.0296195,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "三星电视",
          "price" : 100000,
          "spuId" : 10111,
          "createTime" : "2020-05-01",
          "brandName" : "三星",
          "categoryName" : "电视",
          "saleNum" : 10012,
          "commentNum" : 323,
          "spec" : {
            "网络制式" : "全网",
            "屏幕尺寸" : "56"
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

如果我们想要进行精确查询，想要的是查询“小米电视”这一条记录，怎么办呢？我们可以这样写：

GET /sku/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "name": {
        "query": "小米电视",
        "operator": "and"
      }
    }
  }
}

查询结果只有小米电视一条记录了：

{
  "took" : 1,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 2.059239,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "sku",
        "_type" : "_doc",
        "_id" : "2",
        "_score" : 2.059239,
        "_source" : {
          "name" : "小米电视",
          "price" : 100000,
          "spuId" : 10111,
          "createTime" : "2020-05-01",
          "brandName" : "小米",
          "categoryName" : "电视",
          "saleNum" : 10012,
          "commentNum" : 323,
          "spec" : {
            "网络制式" : "全网",
            "屏幕尺寸" : "56"
          }
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

operator 指定为and，不指定时默认为or。

二、Java关键代码

SearchRequest request = new SearchRequest(index);

MatchQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.matchQuery(pageSearchVO.getField(), keyword);

//精确查询(关键字不分词查询)
queryBuilder.operator(Operator.AND);

builder.query(queryBuilder);

request.source(builder);

SearchResponse response = client.search(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);