故事背景：

之前把不属于项目的文件提交了，现在想把它从项目中移除，怎么办？

办法：

git rm --cached filename

Git - .gitignore怎么忽略已经被版本控制的文件

git filter-branch --force --index-filter'git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch path-to-your-remove-file'--prune-empty --tag-name-filtercat-- --all

Git如何永久删除文件(包括历史记录)

例子

想删除pycharm 的项目文件夹 .idea/

git filter-branch --force --index-filter'git rm -r --cached --ignore-unmatch .idea/'--prune-empty --tag-name-filtercat-- --all

Rewrite 3211102c107199d3d4287327ec8149b8ba567eda (41/41) (57 seconds passed, remaining 0 predicted)

Ref 'refs/heads/master' was rewritten

Ref 'refs/heads/master-lab' was rewritten

Ref 'refs/remotes/origin-lab/master' was rewritten

Ref 'refs/remotes/origin/master' was rewritten

Ref 'refs/remotes/origin/gitlab_hook' was rewritten

WARNING: Ref 'refs/remotes/origin/master' is unchanged

$ git push origin --force --all

Enumerating objects: 356, done.

Counting objects: 100% (356/356), done.

Delta compression using up to 4 threads

Compressing objects: 100% (350/350), done.

Writing objects: 100% (354/354), 2.46 MiB | 2.32 MiB/s, done.

Total 354 (delta 120), reused 0 (delta 0)

remote: Resolving deltas: 100% (120/120), completed with 1 local object.

To gitlabe2.ext.net.nokia.com:lingxie/python-learn-2.git

+ 3211102...8211c18 master -> master (forced update)