使用场景
-
switch
语句使用where
配合if let
限定某些条件。
let names = ["张三", "李四", "吴奇隆", "周六", "赵七", "吴青峰", "吴镇宇"]
names.forEach {
switch $0 {
case let name where name.hasPrefix("吴"):
print("\(name)是吴家大院的人")
default:
print("hello,\($0)")
}
}
- 配合
for
循环来添加限定条件使代码更加易读。
let names = ["张三", "李四", "吴奇隆", "周六", "赵七", "吴青峰", "吴镇宇"]
for name in names where name == "吴奇隆" {
print("\(name)大哥")
}
- 接口扩展使用
where
进行限定(如果希望接口扩展的默认实现只在某些限定的条件下才适用)。例如这些系统的接口扩展:
extension ContiguousArray where Element : BidirectionalCollection {
public func joined() -> FlattenBidirectionalCollection<ContiguousArray<Element>>
}
extension ContiguousArray where Element : Sequence {
public func joined<Separator>(separator: Separator) -> JoinedSequence<ContiguousArray<Element>> where Separator : Sequence, Separator.Element == Element.Element
}
这样如果一个 Array
中的元素是不可比较的那么 sort
方法也就不适用了。
var sortArr: [Int] = [99, 77, 12, 4, 23, 59, 8]
var unsortArr: [Any] = ["hello", 5, ["name":"Jack"]]
sortArr = sortArr.sorted()
unsortArr = unsortArr.sorted() //会提示报错
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