Qt5.5的文档和例子都不错，苦于英文看着费劲，本人对着谷歌翻译，搞了个中英文对照版，敬请指正，侵删。
http://doc.qt.io/archives/qt-5.5/qtwidgets-layouts-basiclayouts-example.html
Basic Layouts shows how to use the standard layout managers that are available in Qt: QBoxLayout, QGridLayout, and QFormLayout.
简单布局示例，展示了如何使用qt中提供的“标准布局管理器”。（Qt: QBoxLayout, QGridLayout, 和 QFormLayout）
basiclayouts-example.png
The QBoxLayout class lines up widgets horizontally or vertically. QHBoxLayout and QVBoxLayout are convenience subclasses of QBoxLayout. QGridLayout lays out widgets in cells by dividing the available space into rows and columns. QFormLayout, on the other hand, sets its children in a two-column form with labels in the left column and input fields in the right column.
QBoxLayout类将窗体水平或者竖直排列。QHBoxLayout类和QVBoxLayout是方便的QBoxLayout类。QGridLayout通过将可用空间划分为行和列，在单元格中显示小部件。另一方面，QFormLayout以两列形式设置子元素，左列有标签，右列有输入字段
Dialog Class Definition
窗口类定义
class Dialog : public QDialog
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
Dialog();
private:
void createMenu();
void createHorizontalGroupBox();
void createGridGroupBox();
void createFormGroupBox();
enum { NumGridRows = 3, NumButtons = 4 };
QMenuBar *menuBar;
QGroupBox *horizontalGroupBox;
QGroupBox *gridGroupBox;
QGroupBox *formGroupBox;
QTextEdit *smallEditor;
QTextEdit *bigEditor;
QLabel *labels[NumGridRows];
QLineEdit *lineEdits[NumGridRows];
QPushButton *buttons[NumButtons];
QDialogButtonBox *buttonBox;
QMenu *fileMenu;
QAction *exitAction;
};
The Dialog class inherits QDialog. It is a custom widget that displays its child widgets using the geometry managers: QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout, QGridLayout, and QFormLayout.
Dialog类继承自QDialog类。它是个自定义窗体，使用几何管理器（QHBoxLayout, QVBoxLayout, QGridLayout, and QFormLayout）显示子窗体中的子窗口
There are four private functions to simplify the class constructor: the createMenu(), createHorizontalGroupBox(), createGridGroupBox(), and createFormGroupBox() functions create several widgets that the example uses to demonstrate how the layout affects their appearances.
有四个私有函数来简化类构造函数：createMenu（），createHorizontalGroupBox（），createGridGroupBox（）和createFormGroupBox（）函数创建了几个小部件，该示例用于演示布局如何影响其外观。
Dialog Class Implementation
Dialog 类的实现
Dialog::Dialog()
{
createMenu();
createHorizontalGroupBox();
createGridGroupBox();
createFormGroupBox();
In the constructor, we first use the createMenu() function to create and populate a menu bar and the createHorizontalGroupBox() function to create a group box containing four buttons with a horizontal layout.
在构造函数中，我们首先使用createMenu（）函数创建并填充菜单栏并且用createHorizontalGroupBox（）函数，创建一个包含四个带水平布局的按钮的组框。
Next we use the createGridGroupBox() function to create a group box containing several line edits and a small text editor which are displayed in a grid layout.
接下来，我们使用createGridGroupBox（）函数创建一个包含多个行编辑的组框和一个以网格布局显示的小文本编辑器。
Finally, we use the createFormGroupBox() function to create a group box with three labels and three input fields: a line edit, a combo box and a spin box.
最后，我们使用createFormGroupBox（）函数创建一个包含三个标签和三个输入字段的组框：行编辑，组合框和旋转框。
bigEditor = new QTextEdit;
bigEditor->setPlainText(tr("This widget takes up all the remaining space "
"in the top-level layout."));
buttonBox = new QDialogButtonBox(QDialogButtonBox::Ok
| QDialogButtonBox::Cancel);
connect(buttonBox, SIGNAL(accepted()), this, SLOT(accept()));
connect(buttonBox, SIGNAL(rejected()), this, SLOT(reject()));
We also create a big text editor and a dialog button box. The QDialogButtonBox class is a widget that presents buttons in a layout that is appropriate to the current widget style. The preferred buttons can be specified as arguments to the constructor, using the QDialogButtonBox::StandardButtons enum.
我们还创建了一个大文本编辑器和一个对话框按钮框。 QDialogButtonBox类是一个窗口小部件，它在适合当前窗口小部件样式的布局中显示按钮。 可以使用QDialogButtonBox :: StandardButtons枚举将首选按钮指定为构造函数的参数。
Note that we don't have to specify a parent for the widgets when we create them. The reason is that all the widgets we create here will be added to a layout, and when we add a widget to a layout, it is automatically reparented to the widget the layout is installed on.
请注意，我们在创建窗口小部件时不必指定窗口小部件的父窗口。 原因是我们在这里创建的所有小部件都将添加到一个layout中，当我们将widget添加到布局时，它会自动重新关联父项至到安装layout的widget上。
QVBoxLayout *mainLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
The main layout is a QVBoxLayout object. QVBoxLayout is a convenience class for a box layout with vertical orientation.
主要布局是QVBoxLayout对象。 QVBoxLayout是具有垂直方向的框布局的便利类。
In general, the QBoxLayout class takes the space it gets (from its parent layout or from the parent widget), divides it up into a series of boxes, and makes each managed widget fill one box. If the QBoxLayout's orientation is Qt::Horizontal the boxes are placed in a row. If the orientation is Qt::Vertical, the boxes are placed in a column. The corresponding convenience classes are QHBoxLayout and QVBoxLayout, respectively.
通常，QBoxLayout类获取它获取的空间（从其父项的layout或从父窗口wigdet），将其划分为一系列框，并使每个托管窗口widget填充一个框。 如果QBoxLayout的方向是Qt :: Horizontal，则框放在一行中。 如果方向是Qt :: Vertical，则框放在一列中。 相应的便利类分别是QHBoxLayout和QVBoxLayout。
mainLayout->setMenuBar(menuBar);
When we call the QLayout::setMenuBar() function, the layout places the provided menu bar at the top of the parent widget, and outside the widget's content margins. All child widgets are placed below the bottom edge of the menu bar.
当我们调用QLayout :: setMenuBar（）函数时，Layout将提供的菜单栏放在父窗口widget的顶部，并放在窗口widget的内容边距之外。 所有子窗口widget都放在菜单栏的底部边缘下方。
mainLayout->addWidget(horizontalGroupBox);
mainLayout->addWidget(gridGroupBox);
mainLayout->addWidget(formGroupBox);
mainLayout->addWidget(bigEditor);
mainLayout->addWidget(buttonBox);
We use the QBoxLayout::addWidget() function to add the widgets to the end of layout. Each widget will get at least its minimum size and at most its maximum size. It is possible to specify a stretch factor in the addWidget() function, and any excess space is shared according to these stretch factors. If not specified, a widget's stretch factor is 0.
我们使用QBoxLayout :: addWidget（）函数将widgets添加到布局的末尾。 每个小部件至少会获得最小大小，最大大小。
可以在addWidget（）函数中指定拉伸因子，并根据这些拉伸因子共享任何多余的空间。 如果未指定，则窗口小部件的伸展因子为0。
setLayout(mainLayout);
setWindowTitle(tr("Basic Layouts"));
}
We install the main layout on the Dialog widget using the QWidget::setLayout() function, and all of the layout's widgets are automatically reparented to be children of the Dialog widget.
我们使用QWidget :: setLayout（）函数在Dialog widget上安装主要layout，并且所有layout的widget都自动重新定义为Dialog widget的子元素。
void Dialog::createMenu()
{
menuBar = new QMenuBar;
fileMenu = new QMenu(tr("&File"), this);
exitAction = fileMenu->addAction(tr("E&xit"));
menuBar->addMenu(fileMenu);
connect(exitAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(accept()));
}
In the private createMenu() function we create a menu bar, and add a pull-down File menu containing an Exit option.
在私有createMenu（）函数中，我们创建一个菜单栏，并添加一个包含Exit选项的下拉文件菜单。
void Dialog::createHorizontalGroupBox()
{
horizontalGroupBox = new QGroupBox(tr("Horizontal layout"));
QHBoxLayout *layout = new QHBoxLayout;
for (int i = 0; i < NumButtons; ++i) {
buttons[i] = new QPushButton(tr("Button %1").arg(i + 1));
layout->addWidget(buttons[i]);
}
horizontalGroupBox->setLayout(layout);
}
When we create the horizontal group box, we use a QHBoxLayout as the internal layout. We create the buttons we want to put in the group box, add them to the layout and install the layout on the group box.
当我们创建水平的group box时，我们使用QHBoxLayout作为内部layout。 我们创建要放在groupbox中的按钮，将它们添加到layout中并在groupbox上安装layout。
void Dialog::createGridGroupBox()
{
gridGroupBox = new QGroupBox(tr("Grid layout"));
In the createGridGroupBox() function we use a QGridLayout which lays out widgets in a grid. It takes the space made available to it (by its parent layout or by the parent widget), divides it up into rows and columns, and puts each widget it manages into the correct cell.
在createGridGroupBox()函数中，我们使用QGridLayout在网格中显示widget。它将可用的空间(由其父布局或父小部件)将其划分成行和列，并将其管理的每个小部件放入正确的单元格中。
for (int i = 0; i < NumGridRows; ++i) {
labels[i] = new QLabel(tr("Line %1:").arg(i + 1));
lineEdits[i] = new QLineEdit;
layout->addWidget(labels[i], i + 1, 0);
layout->addWidget(lineEdits[i], i + 1, 1);
}
For each row in the grid we create a label and an associated line edit, and add them to the layout. The QGridLayout::addWidget() function differ from the corresponding function in QBoxLayout: It needs the row and column specifying the grid cell to put the widget in.
对于网格中的每一行，我们创建一个标签和一个关联的行编辑，并将它们添加到布局中。 QGridLayout :: addWidget（）函数与QBoxLayout中的相应函数不同：它需要指定要放置窗口小部件的网格单元格的行和列。
smallEditor = new QTextEdit;
smallEditor->setPlainText(tr("This widget takes up about two thirds of the "
"grid layout."));
layout->addWidget(smallEditor, 0, 2, 4, 1);
QGridLayout::addWidget() can in addition take arguments specifying the number of rows and columns the cell will be spanning. In this example, we create a small editor which spans three rows and one column.
QGridLayout :: addWidget（）可以另外获取指定单元格将跨越的行数和列数的参数。 在这个例子中，我们创建了一个跨越三行和一列的小编辑器。
For both the QBoxLayout::addWidget() and QGridLayout::addWidget() functions it is also possible to add a last argument specifying the widget's alignment. By default it fills the whole cell. But we could, for example, align a widget with the right edge by specifying the alignment to be Qt::AlignRight.
对于QBoxLayout :: addWidget（）和QGridLayout :: addWidget（）函数，还可以添加指定窗口小部件对齐的最后一个参数。 默认情况下，它会填充整个单元格。 但是，我们可以通过将对齐指定为Qt :: AlignRight来将小部件与右边缘对齐。
layout->setColumnStretch(1, 10);
layout->setColumnStretch(2, 20);
gridGroupBox->setLayout(layout);
}
Each column in a grid layout has a stretch factor. The stretch factor is set using QGridLayout::setColumnStretch() and determines how much of the available space the column will get over and above its necessary minimum.
网格布局中的每列都有一个伸展因子。 使用QGridLayout :: setColumnStretch（）设置伸展因子，并确定列将超过其必要最小值的可用空间量。
In this example, we set the stretch factors for columns 1 and 2. The stretch factor is relative to the other columns in this grid; columns with a higher stretch factor take more of the available space. So column 2 in our grid layout will get more of the available space than column 1, and column 0 will not grow at all since its stretch factor is 0 (the default).
在此示例中，我们为第1列和第2列设置了拉伸系数。拉伸系数相对于此网格中的其他列; 具有更高伸展因子的列占用更多可用空间。 因此，我们的网格布局中的第2列将获得比第1列更多的可用空间，并且第0列将不会增长，因为其伸展因子为0（默认值）。
Columns and rows behave identically; there is an equivalent stretch factor for rows, as well as a QGridLayout::setRowStretch() function.
列和行的行为相同; 行的等效拉伸因子，也就是QGridLayout :: setRowStretch（）函数。
void Dialog::createFormGroupBox()
{
formGroupBox = new QGroupBox(tr("Form layout"));
QFormLayout *layout = new QFormLayout;
layout->addRow(new QLabel(tr("Line 1:")), new QLineEdit);
layout->addRow(new QLabel(tr("Line 2, long text:")), new QComboBox);
layout->addRow(new QLabel(tr("Line 3:")), new QSpinBox);
formGroupBox->setLayout(layout);
}
In the createFormGroupBox() function, we use a QFormLayout to neatly arrange objects into two columns - name and field. There are three QLabel objects for names with three corresponding input widgets as fields: a QLineEdit, a QComboBox and a QSpinBox. Unlike QBoxLayout::addWidget() and QGridLayout::addWidget(), we use QFormLayout::addRow() to add widgets to the layout.
在createFormGroupBox（）函数中，我们使用QFormLayout将对象整齐地排列成两列 - 名称和字段。 名称有三个QLabel对象，其中三个对应的输入小部件为字段：QLineEdit，QComboBox和QSpinBox。 与QBoxLayout :: addWidget（）和QGridLayout :: addWidget（）不同，我们使用QFormLayout :: addRow（）将小部件添加到布局中。
layouts/basiclayouts/dialog.cpp
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2015 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the examples of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
** You may use this file under the terms of the BSD license as follows:
**
** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
** met:
** * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
** * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
** the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
** distribution.
** * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its
** contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
** from this software without specific prior written permission.
**
**
** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
#include <QtWidgets>
#include "dialog.h"
Dialog::Dialog()
{
createMenu();
createHorizontalGroupBox();
createGridGroupBox();
createFormGroupBox();
bigEditor = new QTextEdit;
bigEditor->setPlainText(tr("This widget takes up all the remaining space "
"in the top-level layout."));
buttonBox = new QDialogButtonBox(QDialogButtonBox::Ok
| QDialogButtonBox::Cancel);
connect(buttonBox, SIGNAL(accepted()), this, SLOT(accept()));
connect(buttonBox, SIGNAL(rejected()), this, SLOT(reject()));
QVBoxLayout *mainLayout = new QVBoxLayout;
mainLayout->setMenuBar(menuBar);
mainLayout->addWidget(horizontalGroupBox);
mainLayout->addWidget(gridGroupBox);
mainLayout->addWidget(formGroupBox);
mainLayout->addWidget(bigEditor);
mainLayout->addWidget(buttonBox);
setLayout(mainLayout);
setWindowTitle(tr("Basic Layouts"));
}
void Dialog::createMenu()
{
menuBar = new QMenuBar;
fileMenu = new QMenu(tr("&File"), this);
exitAction = fileMenu->addAction(tr("E&xit"));
menuBar->addMenu(fileMenu);
connect(exitAction, SIGNAL(triggered()), this, SLOT(accept()));
}
void Dialog::createHorizontalGroupBox()
{
horizontalGroupBox = new QGroupBox(tr("Horizontal layout"));
QHBoxLayout *layout = new QHBoxLayout;
for (int i = 0; i < NumButtons; ++i) {
buttons[i] = new QPushButton(tr("Button %1").arg(i + 1));
layout->addWidget(buttons[i]);
}
horizontalGroupBox->setLayout(layout);
}
void Dialog::createGridGroupBox()
{
gridGroupBox = new QGroupBox(tr("Grid layout"));
QGridLayout *layout = new QGridLayout;
for (int i = 0; i < NumGridRows; ++i) {
labels[i] = new QLabel(tr("Line %1:").arg(i + 1));
lineEdits[i] = new QLineEdit;
layout->addWidget(labels[i], i + 1, 0);
layout->addWidget(lineEdits[i], i + 1, 1);
}
smallEditor = new QTextEdit;
smallEditor->setPlainText(tr("This widget takes up about two thirds of the "
"grid layout."));
layout->addWidget(smallEditor, 0, 2, 4, 1);
layout->setColumnStretch(1, 10);
layout->setColumnStretch(2, 20);
gridGroupBox->setLayout(layout);
}
void Dialog::createFormGroupBox()
{
formGroupBox = new QGroupBox(tr("Form layout"));
QFormLayout *layout = new QFormLayout;
layout->addRow(new QLabel(tr("Line 1:")), new QLineEdit);
layout->addRow(new QLabel(tr("Line 2, long text:")), new QComboBox);
layout->addRow(new QLabel(tr("Line 3:")), new QSpinBox);
formGroupBox->setLayout(layout);
}
layouts/basiclayouts/dialog.h
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2015 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the examples of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
** You may use this file under the terms of the BSD license as follows:
**
** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
** met:
** * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
** * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
** the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
** distribution.
** * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its
** contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
** from this software without specific prior written permission.
**
**
** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
#ifndef DIALOG_H
#define DIALOG_H
#include <QDialog>
class QAction;
class QDialogButtonBox;
class QGroupBox;
class QLabel;
class QLineEdit;
class QMenu;
class QMenuBar;
class QPushButton;
class QTextEdit;
class Dialog : public QDialog
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
Dialog();
private:
void createMenu();
void createHorizontalGroupBox();
void createGridGroupBox();
void createFormGroupBox();
enum { NumGridRows = 3, NumButtons = 4 };
QMenuBar *menuBar;
QGroupBox *horizontalGroupBox;
QGroupBox *gridGroupBox;
QGroupBox *formGroupBox;
QTextEdit *smallEditor;
QTextEdit *bigEditor;
QLabel *labels[NumGridRows];
QLineEdit *lineEdits[NumGridRows];
QPushButton *buttons[NumButtons];
QDialogButtonBox *buttonBox;
QMenu *fileMenu;
QAction *exitAction;
};
#endif // DIALOG_H
layouts/basiclayouts/main.cpp
/****************************************************************************
**
** Copyright (C) 2015 The Qt Company Ltd.
** Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/
**
** This file is part of the examples of the Qt Toolkit.
**
** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:BSD$
** You may use this file under the terms of the BSD license as follows:
**
** "Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
** modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
** met:
** * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
** * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
** notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
** the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
** distribution.
** * Neither the name of The Qt Company Ltd nor the names of its
** contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
** from this software without specific prior written permission.
**
**
** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
** "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
** A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
** OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
** SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
** LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
** DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
** THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
** (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
** OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE."
**
** $QT_END_LICENSE$
**
****************************************************************************/
#include <QApplication>
#include "dialog.h"
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
QApplication app(argc, argv);
Dialog dialog;
dialog.show();
return app.exec();
}
layouts/basiclayouts/basiclayouts.pro
QT += widgets
HEADERS = dialog.h
SOURCES = dialog.cpp \
main.cpp
# install
target.path = $$[QT_INSTALL_EXAMPLES]/widgets/layouts/basiclayouts
INSTALLS += target
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