List

简述

List的实现主要有如下几种

• ArrayList
• LinkedList
• Vector

---

ArrayList

继承自AbstractList，实现List

image.png

 /**
     * 默认初始化数组值
     */
    private static final int DEFAULT_CAPACITY = 10;

    /**
     * 空数组
     */
    private static final Object[] EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};

    /**
     * 默认空数组
     */
    private static final Object[] DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA = {};

    /**
     * 真正数组
     */
    transient Object[] elementData; // non-private to simplify nested class access

    /**
     * The size of the ArrayList (the number of elements it contains).
     *
     * @serial
     */
    private int size;

若用户定义数组大小则根据用户的值进行设置数组大小。

public ArrayList(int initialCapacity) {
        if (initialCapacity > 0) {
            this.elementData = new Object[initialCapacity];
        } else if (initialCapacity == 0) {
            this.elementData = EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
        } else {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal Capacity: "+
                                               initialCapacity);
        }
    }

若无入参，ArrayList使用延迟初始化的方式,在构造的时候没有初始化数组，在真正使用的时候才加载，避免用户不良的创建来构造过多的数组。

public ArrayList() {
        this.elementData = DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA;
    }

 public boolean add(E e) {
        ensureCapacityInternal(size + 1);  // Increments modCount!!
        elementData[size++] = e;
        return true;
    }
private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
        if (elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
            minCapacity = Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);
        }

        ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
    }

扩容

private void ensureCapacityInternal(int minCapacity) {
        if (elementData == DEFAULTCAPACITY_EMPTY_ELEMENTDATA) {
            minCapacity = Math.max(DEFAULT_CAPACITY, minCapacity);
        }

        ensureExplicitCapacity(minCapacity);
    }

    private void ensureExplicitCapacity(int minCapacity) {
        modCount++;

        // overflow-conscious code
        if (minCapacity - elementData.length > 0)
            grow(minCapacity);
    }
private void grow(int minCapacity) {
        // overflow-conscious code
        int oldCapacity = elementData.length;
        //通常情况是通过移位运算将数组增加了0.5倍
        int newCapacity = oldCapacity + (oldCapacity >> 1);
        if (newCapacity - minCapacity < 0)
            newCapacity = minCapacity;
        if (newCapacity - MAX_ARRAY_SIZE > 0)
            newCapacity = hugeCapacity(minCapacity);
        // minCapacity is usually close to size, so this is a win:
        elementData = Arrays.copyOf(elementData, newCapacity);
    }

数组增大0.5倍并进行数组的拷贝。可以进行优化。

为什么AbstractList已经实现了List，ArrayList仍然需要实现List？

ArrayList只使用Abstract的某些方法，不完全使用。所以需要专门实现List接口。

---

LinkedList

LinkedList是一个双向链表实现的一个List。

image.png

transient int size = 0;

   //链表头节点
    transient Node<E> first;

    //链表尾节点
    transient Node<E> last;

Node节点

 private static class Node<E> {
        E item; //数据
        Node<E> next;//下一个节点
        Node<E> prev;//上一个节点

        Node(Node<E> prev, E element, Node<E> next) {
            this.item = element;
            this.next = next;
            this.prev = prev;
        }
    }

add

public boolean add(E e) {
        linkLast(e);
        return true;
}
/**
*使用尾插法，新插入的节点设为尾部
*/
void linkLast(E e) {
        final Node<E> l = last;
        final Node<E> newNode = new Node<>(l, e, null);
        last = newNode;
        if (l == null)
            first = newNode;
        else
            l.next = newNode;
        size++;
        modCount++;
}

remove

public E remove() {
        return removeFirst();
}
public E removeFirst() {
        final Node<E> f = first;
        if (f == null)
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        return unlinkFirst(f);
}
private E unlinkFirst(Node<E> f) {
        // assert f == first && f != null;
        final E element = f.item;
        final Node<E> next = f.next;
        f.item = null;
        f.next = null; // help GC
        first = next;
        if (next == null)
            last = null;
        else
            next.prev = null;
        size--;
        modCount++;
        return element;
    }

还有其他一些链表的操作不做说明。中间插入、中间删除等。