zsh 安装配置

1. yum 安装zsh

yum install zsh # CentOS

chsh -s /bin/zsh # CentOS 改默认shell为zsh

2. 手动编译安装zsh

下载zsh最新版，解压，root下./configure; make install -j 8安装。

• By default, make install will install all the files in /usr/local/bin,/usr/local/lib etc.

• 可以手动指定 --prefix安装目录；指定--exec-prefix zsh执行文件的安装目录。

• 由于chsh -s可以指定某个路径的shell可执行文件，但是普通用户只能用/etc/shells文件中列出来，除非你是root用户，所以默认编译的话还得在/etc/shells添加/usr/local/bin/zsh路径。

安装oh-my-zsh

有多种方式：

1. 自动安装

sh -c "$(wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"

或者

sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

其实就是sh执行一个安装脚本instlal.sh，可以手动保存，为shell脚本，然后执行，内容如下

main() {

  # Use colors, but only if connected to a terminal, and that terminal

  # supports them.

  if which tput >/dev/null 2>&1; then

      ncolors=$(tput colors)

  fi

  if [ -t 1 ] && [ -n "$ncolors" ] && [ "$ncolors" -ge 8 ]; then

    RED="$(tput setaf 1)"

    GREEN="$(tput setaf 2)"

    YELLOW="$(tput setaf 3)"

    BLUE="$(tput setaf 4)"

    BOLD="$(tput bold)"

    NORMAL="$(tput sgr0)"

  else

    RED=""

    GREEN=""

    YELLOW=""

    BLUE=""

    BOLD=""

    NORMAL=""

  fi

  # Only enable exit-on-error after the non-critical colorization stuff,

  # which may fail on systems lacking tput or terminfo

  set -e

  if ! command -v zsh >/dev/null 2>&1; then

    printf "${YELLOW}Zsh is not installed!${NORMAL} Please install zsh first!\n"

    exit

  fi

  if [ ! -n "$ZSH" ]; then

    ZSH=~/.oh-my-zsh

  fi

  if [ -d "$ZSH" ]; then

    printf "${YELLOW}You already have Oh My Zsh installed.${NORMAL}\n"

    printf "You'll need to remove $ZSH if you want to re-install.\n"

    exit

  fi

  # Prevent the cloned repository from having insecure permissions. Failing to do

  # so causes compinit() calls to fail with "command not found: compdef" errors

  # for users with insecure umasks (e.g., "002", allowing group writability). Note

  # that this will be ignored under Cygwin by default, as Windows ACLs take

  # precedence over umasks except for filesystems mounted with option "noacl".

  umask g-w,o-w

  printf "${BLUE}Cloning Oh My Zsh...${NORMAL}\n"

  command -v git >/dev/null 2>&1 || {

    echo "Error: git is not installed"

    exit 1

  }

  # The Windows (MSYS) Git is not compatible with normal use on cygwin

  if [ "$OSTYPE" = cygwin ]; then

    if git --version | grep msysgit > /dev/null; then

      echo "Error: Windows/MSYS Git is not supported on Cygwin"

      echo "Error: Make sure the Cygwin git package is installed and is first on the path"

      exit 1

    fi

  fi

  env git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh.git "$ZSH" || {

    printf "Error: git clone of oh-my-zsh repo failed\n"

    exit 1

  }

  printf "${BLUE}Looking for an existing zsh config...${NORMAL}\n"

  if [ -f ~/.zshrc ] || [ -h ~/.zshrc ]; then

    printf "${YELLOW}Found ~/.zshrc.${NORMAL} ${GREEN}Backing up to ~/.zshrc.pre-oh-my-zsh${NORMAL}\n";

    mv ~/.zshrc ~/.zshrc.pre-oh-my-zsh;

  fi

  printf "${BLUE}Using the Oh My Zsh template file and adding it to ~/.zshrc${NORMAL}\n"

  cp "$ZSH"/templates/zshrc.zsh-template ~/.zshrc

  sed "/^export ZSH=/ c\\

  export ZSH=\"$ZSH\"

  " ~/.zshrc > ~/.zshrc-omztemp

  mv -f ~/.zshrc-omztemp ~/.zshrc

  # If this user's login shell is not already "zsh", attempt to switch.

  TEST_CURRENT_SHELL=$(expr "$SHELL" : '.*/\(.*\)')

  if [ "$TEST_CURRENT_SHELL" != "zsh" ]; then

    # If this platform provides a "chsh" command (not Cygwin), do it, man!

    if hash chsh >/dev/null 2>&1; then

      printf "${BLUE}Time to change your default shell to zsh!${NORMAL}\n"

      chsh -s $(grep /zsh$ /etc/shells | tail -1)

    # Else, suggest the user do so manually.

    else

      printf "I can't change your shell automatically because this system does not have chsh.\n"

      printf "${BLUE}Please manually change your default shell to zsh!${NORMAL}\n"

    fi

  fi

  printf "${GREEN}"

  echo ' __ __ '

  echo ' ____ / /_ ____ ___ __ __ ____ _____/ /_ '

  echo ' / __ \/ __ \ / __ `__ \/ / / / /_ / / ___/ __ \ '

  echo '/ /_/ / / / / / / / / / / /_/ / / /_(__ ) / / / '

  echo '\____/_/ /_/ /_/ /_/ /_/\__, / /___/____/_/ /_/ '

  echo ' /____/ ....is now installed!'

  echo ''

  echo ''

  echo 'Please look over the ~/.zshrc file to select plugins, themes, and options.'

  echo ''

  echo 'p.s. Follow us at https://twitter.com/ohmyzsh.'

  echo ''

  echo 'p.p.s. Get stickers and t-shirts at https://shop.planetargon.com.'

  echo ''

  printf "${NORMAL}"

  env zsh -l

}

main

2. 手动安装

git clone git://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh.git ~/.oh-my-zsh #这一步也可以手动下载传到主目录

cp ~/.oh-my-zsh/templates/zshrc.zsh-template ~/.zshrc

zsh 配置

• Oh-My-Zsh自带的插件一般放置在目录~/.oh-my-zsh/plugins目录下，默认自带已经有很多[点这里查看列表]，比如Z跳转插件，而通过互联网我们也可以下载更多的插件一般放置在~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins目录下。

• 插件的配置很简单，只需要找到配置文件~/.zshrc中的配置项plugins=()的()中添加上插件名称即可。例如添加插件git则是plugins=(git)，多个插件使用空格隔开。

zsh主题

ls ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes # theme文件都放在这个文件夹

默认的主题是robbyrussell，修改.zshrc文件中的ZSH_THEME=ys可以修改主题形式，还可以改成ZSH_THEME=random每次登陆shell使用随机主题。

zsh扩展

autojump

1. yum install autojump-zsh # CentOS安装autojump。需要在~/.zshrc中配置一下，除了在plugins中增加autojump之外，还需要添加一行

[[ -s ~/.autojump/etc/profile.d/autojump.sh ]] && . ~/.autojump/etc/profile.d/autojump.sh

2. 手动装

git clone git://github.com/wting/autojump.git

cd autojump

./install.py or ./uninstall.py

如上添加环境变量

zsh-autosuggestions

git clone git://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions

在.zshrc中添加plugins=(其他的插件 zsh-autosuggestions)

zsh-syntax-highlighting

作用 平常用的ls、cd等命令输入正确会绿色高亮显示，输入错误会显示其他的颜色。

git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting

Cheatsheet

Commands

• 敲zsh_stats可以看到你的使用频率前20的命令是什么！

• take 创建一个目录，并进入

• x / extract 解压文件，可以根据类型自动推定

Alias 命令

Alias    Command

alias    list all aliases

..    cd ..

...    cd ../..

....    cd ../../..

.....    cd ../../../..

/    cd /

~    cd ~

cd +n    switch to directory number n

1    cd -

2    cd -2

md    mkdir -p

rd    rmdir

d    dirs -v (lists last used directories)

d命令查看历史目录

d 命令是dirs -v | head -10的别名

可以通过打印出的数字实现跳转，或者cd +3

其他

• alias zconf='vim ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/my_custom.zsh #快速打开配置文件

• custom中的plugin貌似只能在.zshrc中指定，在my_custom.zsh配置文件中指定不起作用。

zsh 的迁移

在一个全新的linux系统上安装zsh可以借助其他服务器上已经做好的配置

涉及.oh_my_zsh，.zshrc