【SSH】SSH 公私钥文件详情查看

生成本机SSH 公私钥对

# ssh-keygen -t rsa -m PEM -b 4096 -P '' -f   ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:hRHCISSnpkF7XXX7tTj9D+YmYUGWNSeiNsM+tVp6/uE root@bogon
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 4096]----+
|.+o+B.+.o.       |
|=.O= =.. o       |
|o#o+    . .      |
|B+O .    .       |
|.= =    S        |
|  B +            |
| + = +           |
|  + + o          |
|   +.E           |
+----[SHA256]-----+

这条Linux命令是用于生成RSA密钥对的。

下面是对每个选项的解释：

• ssh-keygen: 这是OpenSSH工具的一个子命令，用于生成和管理密钥对。
• -t rsa: 指定要生成的密钥类型为RSA。
• -m PEM: 指定密钥文件的格式为PEM格式，PEM是一种常见的基于文本的密钥格式。
• -b 4096: 指定生成的RSA密钥长度为4096位，较长的密钥长度提供更高的安全性，但同时也需要更长的时间来生成和处理。
• -P '': 设置生成的密钥对的密码为空，即无密码保护。
• -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa: 指定生成的私钥文件的存储路径和文件名为~/.ssh/id_rsa，即用户的SSH密钥存放目录中的id_rsa文件。

总结起来，这条命令的作用是在指定的路径下生成一个使用RSA算法的4096位密钥对，并且私钥文件不设置密码保护。

LInux SSH 公钥 id_rsa.pub ，有什么命令可以解读详情么？

在Linux系统中，可以使用以下命令来解读SSH公钥文件（id_rsa.pub）的详细信息：

ssh-keygen -l -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

解释一下这个命令的各个部分：

• ssh-keygen: SSH密钥生成器命令。
• -l: 表示查看公钥文件的详细信息。
• -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub: 指定公钥文件的路径和文件名。

请确保替换命令中的~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub为实际的公钥文件路径。

执行该命令后，将会显示公钥文件的详细信息，包括以下内容：

• Key类型：指示公钥的加密算法和长度。
• Key指纹：公钥的指纹信息，用于验证公钥的完整性。
• 用户名@主机名：与公钥关联的用户名和主机名。

示例输出可能如下所示：

2048 SHA256:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx user@hostname (RSA)

这个输出告诉你公钥的类型是RSA（2048位），指纹是SHA256算法生成的，与用户名user和主机名hostname关联。

通过解读公钥文件的详细信息，你可以确认公钥的类型、长度和指纹，以及用户名和主机名的关联。这些信息对于公钥的管理和使用非常有用。

# ssh-keygen -l -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
4096 SHA256:hRHCISSnpkF7GIY7tTj9D+YmxxxxNSeiNsM+tVp6/uE root@bogon (RSA)

LInux SSH 私钥 id_rsa ，有什么命令可以解读详情么？

在Linux系统中，可以使用以下命令来解读SSH私钥文件（id_rsa）的详细信息：

openssl rsa -in ~/.ssh/id_rsa -text -noout

解释一下这个命令的各个部分：

• openssl rsa: OpenSSL的RSA命令，用于处理RSA密钥。
• -in ~/.ssh/id_rsa: 指定私钥文件的路径和文件名。
• -text: 显示私钥文件的文本格式。
• -noout: 不输出私钥信息，只显示其他相关信息。

请确保替换命令中的~/.ssh/id_rsa为实际的私钥文件路径。

执行该命令后，将会显示私钥文件的详细信息，包括以下内容：

• Modulus：私钥的模数（即N值），用于生成公钥。
• PublicExponent：公钥的指数（即公钥中的e值），用于加密。
• PrivateExponent：私钥的指数（即私钥中的d值），用于解密和签名。
• Prime1、Prime2、Exponent1、Exponent2、Coefficient：用于计算私钥的其他参数。

示例输出可能如下所示：

Private-Key: (2048 bit)
modulus:
    xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:
    ...
publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)
privateExponent:
    xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:
    ...
prime1:
    xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:
    ...
prime2:
    xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:
    ...
exponent1:
    xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:
    ...
exponent2:
    xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:
    ...
coefficient:
    xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:
    ...

这个输出告诉你私钥的长度是2048位，包含了模数、公钥指数、私钥指数和其他参数的十六进制表示。

通过解读私钥文件的详细信息，你可以了解私钥的长度、指数和其他参数，这些信息对于私钥的管理和使用非常有用。请注意，私钥是非常敏感和关键的信息，应该妥善保管并避免泄露。

# openssl rsa -in ~/.ssh/id_rsa -text -noout
Private-Key: (4096 bit)
modulus:
    00:9e:f8:4c:28:db:1a:7c:58:73:ee:f8:3f:07:a4:
    7c:af:0b:03:7a:0e:f9:63:8b:8d:36:4d:a4:75:49:
    6b:f6:14:a7:f1:ba:f9:91:17:89:e3:cf:74:f0:b9:
    aa:3d:56:75:e4:53:e1:e2:26:e8:d4:b6:0f:2c:e7:
    cc:69:29:77:0b:56:99:b4:47:03:71:e3:20:ea:41:
    81:d2:a1:d4:92:fe:67:6f:2d:98:18:93:6d:47:01:
    ed:73:d2:a7:c1:18:f1:8b:88:98:75:1d:1b:2d:a8:
    bc:56:9a:30:77:5d:10:af:ed:78:ce:64:5e:bf:1b:
    b4:c7:f1:23:40:a3:8d:6d:59:6c:f5:c4:1c:c7:91:
    f8:d4:3a:30:6b:68:70:cc:d7:97:e8:93:27:02:84:
    a4:6b:00:a9:98:99:db:ea:3f:0a:26:29:b1:cf:fc:
    f9:b8:2c:76:ca:04:2e:74:fe:5f:a1:f0:ee:a6:4a:
    7a:70:d4:b2:84:b9:56:4d:9c:a8:23:e4:c6:6d:40:
    cf:52:30:b5:a0:a1:90:44:cc:08:a0:12:10:2a:5d:
    69:f1:f4:5e:2c:c0:4b:90:09:7c:7f:20:a8:f8:01:
    9c:71:1e:01:65:4b:76:9d:0c:55:ff:1b:40:a1:3e:
    1e:2d:c7:24:ea:ee:5e:4d:99:23:28:77:62:7f:45:
    74:39:7a:de:93:f3:b2:6f:cc:9a:83:2c:e6:3f:ce:
    f5:0c:a1:d0:bf:29:d8:98:b8:c7:df:37:75:e1:e4:
    00:f4:db:63:c3:c4:c4:91:66:2d:95:5b:03:25:f0:
    ea:9d:6d:11:ef:89:e9:52:ea:5d:89:97:2a:67:b3:
    15:be:62:57:cb:43:5e:4f:00:8e:84:4d:b6:86:45:
    b2:8f:7f:0c:ef:07:31:73:01:cf:4b:ea:71:c9:78:
    f6:79:bb:ff:c8:02:f4:a6:67:13:6c:83:58:5c:ae:
    76:4e:ec:57:aa:3d:97:15:9c:04:26:a6:c1:f8:bf:
    f1:e5:4e:79:21:72:64:a0:80:09:3f:ab:93:67:a2:
    6c:34:38:0b:8b:c2:2e:75:9f:4b:28:20:18:5d:b8:
    61:6c:b2:eb:a1:9a:59:f8:56:bc:b1:b7:ad:d8:5e:
    35:4a:f1:3e:29:1a:75:51:10:ac:a4:3d:0e:29:e1:
    64:87:af:25:a3:be:96:52:5e:be:e7:a4:28:a2:6c:
    93:c2:c6:8e:15:55:91:14:b3:c0:55:eb:cd:60:a2:
    53:82:f5:eb:ec:66:6c:01:0d:99:db:90:6d:d4:75:
    ae:8a:98:c5:f4:c3:d5:e6:37:b8:9c:7f:a5:d2:09:
    5f:8c:a1:9a:87:88:de:77:78:3c:19:a0:9c:67:16:
    df:6c:01
publicExponent: 65537 (0x10001)
privateExponent:
    75:ec:eb:52:43:76:da:57:23:69:5a:6e:27:55:35:
    c9:03:fa:88:49:23:18:5c:d6:5c:3a:2c:8d:74:f1:
    c9:92:79:23:30:f8:81:51:5c:d0:c9:cc:8d:e6:ad:
    0a:e3:60:81:08:58:c0:52:ec:d5:1e:59:13:8e:c0:
    6c:22:7e:54:c2:e1:32:82:9b:63:98:81:8a:45:1d:
    f1:0a:6b:8e:bf:7a:2b:57:3f:44:bb:d8:8c:9c:39:
    71:7a:0b:47:8b:21:63:c8:e8:8f:b8:0f:b9:47:3a:
    af:63:a2:20:69:c1:3f:40:82:25:58:ff:8f:f5:15:
    9e:5c:9b:32:10:21:91:c4:8c:b7:a3:cb:55:a0:4b:
    5d:e3:ec:97:40:da:ac:9a:21:ee:3d:7a:ea:bb:4a:
    dc:b5:99:19:c2:c9:08:73:cb:2b:94:32:7b:7f:c6:
    1f:81:9c:7d:2f:ac:e6:cc:ec:54:4d:4e:3b:bd:74:
    26:cf:21:be:a3:5e:0a:24:f3:f5:ec:77:e6:03:f5:
    c7:9a:aa:a1:86:38:67:50:93:f5:6a:70:e3:7c:78:
    63:2c:4b:d0:16:b5:f7:1b:92:67:1b:eb:3c:4e:b5:
    a6:94:03:a5:08:dd:ec:92:82:18:c4:36:a5:66:57:
    2c:ce:55:ec:90:f7:13:c9:4d:f3:6e:dc:7a:5d:23:
    61:74:da:2c:0e:c1:05:20:d0:54:00:f2:7f:64:1e:
    25:d5:39:6b:81:e0:11:31:fb:6d:92:38:2f:41:59:
    52:9e:79:31:97:eb:77:56:b1:f4:0b:4f:d0:d3:7b:
    75:b0:1e:2f:6c:ac:43:85:b8:ce:e7:16:7a:68:24:
    8c:d7:d2:03:51:e9:55:1f:21:37:bd:08:36:b5:51:
    f7:ac:49:61:33:78:9b:3e:49:e1:cc:47:99:61:b5:
    84:b9:fb:a9:b7:36:06:b4:05:3b:c4:6c:06:f0:5f:
    8b:77:23:ab:0b:01:d5:c9:c3:89:29:8d:a0:25:ce:
    1e:b9:70:39:13:4c:f2:6a:b9:f1:9d:64:72:71:a6:
    0b:22:81:0a:23:60:ae:7e:4f:3b:96:21:11:63:dc:
    20:46:cf:26:bd:19:be:17:e0:11:2f:fe:5a:53:8f:
    83:66:43:61:a9:82:41:24:61:38:84:76:83:f7:1c:
    8d:91:c0:9a:cf:f7:cf:95:e4:d5:b6:c5:a2:c8:e3:
    fd:f0:f4:2e:6d:43:b2:dd:72:60:70:bb:90:d5:2d:
    46:71:c8:1e:ad:6d:b0:91:24:47:97:1b:20:53:9a:
    cf:a3:86:e7:dd:c4:94:40:9e:d4:80:07:fa:31:d9:
    50:84:af:55:46:81:1e:3c:74:d4:09:a6:a1:7a:54:
    5f:a1
prime1:
    00:d2:7e:72:86:ae:fb:bf:f3:62:15:36:20:01:bf:
    8a:58:12:f1:0d:a3:9c:dc:ae:22:f6:7c:6c:f4:c9:
    d2:e2:f5:93:c5:d8:a8:c1:92:7a:43:89:01:15:01:
    21:1f:3e:15:9e:42:08:59:f4:a1:07:a5:01:47:00:
    50:f8:bb:93:45:64:84:50:2a:b5:db:84:e7:36:ab:
    79:95:4a:46:cf:e6:17:bf:b5:e0:f0:b9:be:52:64:
    b5:b9:65:86:0e:6f:0a:0c:5f:4d:d2:13:0a:ef:48:
    a1:bd:b2:85:fc:ee:09:34:94:c9:55:ff:0b:c8:ef:
    53:51:c3:1f:ce:ee:11:8d:49:c6:b6:0b:2a:78:88:
    07:8c:ff:e9:eb:a6:ee:10:70:42:03:60:cb:87:ad:
    4a:04:f2:ed:36:c6:b7:55:a3:e9:18:87:ce:ac:3b:
    ff:c1:30:90:1c:5f:7a:ef:7b:19:e7:0c:b7:a7:86:
    7b:9f:a4:d7:60:3a:3a:f1:5c:ee:3a:2e:cc:20:b6:
    83:c7:0c:00:05:7a:59:ff:77:dd:0a:88:60:fd:28:
    dc:fb:cd:8c:00:57:07:d9:a3:cd:4a:3c:14:f7:ab:
    d0:e5:ff:f8:51:78:97:b0:e0:d6:31:b2:09:80:34:
    95:9e:27:e5:44:2a:78:2d:3b:89:fb:db:14:d3:4a:
    80:2f
prime2:
    00:c1:56:4f:76:f8:7a:e8:04:3e:9d:bd:af:e1:46:
    23:71:ce:a6:d4:d3:9d:46:a7:b3:d7:4a:c0:95:b1:
    c8:69:59:ab:f7:85:d7:5c:24:6c:1d:4f:f4:3a:6b:
    9b:55:02:bd:6d:a2:92:76:7a:be:db:3c:42:ea:cd:
    e9:c9:a9:e4:a5:66:fc:d1:0b:da:6b:49:10:da:a9:
    54:2f:43:47:f9:7c:65:e1:39:79:af:e8:1f:27:55:
    5d:7a:5d:68:7c:40:df:3d:5c:f6:53:b5:bc:6d:cc:
    83:7b:fe:3a:09:e9:b5:2f:25:cc:09:be:48:67:08:
    46:8a:ae:69:14:e0:79:ad:17:fb:82:e0:12:95:90:
    1b:9a:ad:b5:72:0b:3f:71:8c:1c:f9:64:14:6b:04:
    e9:54:a0:0a:cf:29:a0:89:a3:13:f1:56:c3:f7:6e:
    12:94:fe:59:30:1c:44:12:ac:d2:a2:ee:d3:00:87:
    f5:7d:6b:6a:97:4c:e2:e8:7e:6e:b7:4d:3d:0c:ae:
    7e:08:e4:1d:24:03:84:e7:3a:5e:ff:89:7c:c1:71:
    71:73:68:38:9a:40:cb:8b:63:a9:f4:49:77:cc:e5:
    6e:42:63:85:09:72:7c:4a:55:68:df:fa:ce:82:12:
    7a:29:92:98:e2:b9:f4:44:cb:24:86:69:0d:00:f3:
    1a:cf
exponent1:
    00:97:a6:61:fc:86:b4:f9:65:ef:94:38:9a:76:a7:
    f8:93:db:91:af:b1:e0:a1:5d:13:f3:61:51:5e:4a:
    c9:94:9a:39:0c:a1:3b:73:ba:84:3b:83:c9:33:c8:
    cc:84:25:c6:8d:6e:25:76:29:b8:9a:39:56:e2:40:
    68:15:cb:8e:1e:c0:7c:53:05:72:5f:e5:30:6f:42:
    bb:25:c3:8d:a0:da:b4:e1:79:b7:c5:b7:0c:57:70:
    17:3c:aa:d8:1a:2e:05:9f:44:4a:5c:bf:3b:71:89:
    72:7d:a8:d0:bf:98:ff:28:d2:c8:fb:1b:f4:f1:9e:
    fa:f8:3d:0b:fd:99:a7:2b:9a:df:de:e7:cc:81:69:
    ff:86:a6:19:71:9d:a2:86:55:5a:39:f4:d2:ad:bd:
    3b:46:b5:7e:11:a8:b9:0d:0a:3a:35:62:22:94:13:
    e5:fe:d9:6d:fa:03:10:1e:d9:21:a0:44:99:4c:28:
    a7:88:2c:ca:be:99:22:3e:0f:25:d2:e5:44:4b:8d:
    33:03:84:b1:bf:40:96:f6:66:f4:e9:51:b8:0e:ac:
    12:09:97:dc:f5:a1:be:16:1e:dd:18:4e:91:0c:9e:
    cc:b1:e7:e8:8f:49:c2:7f:bc:7c:94:f1:1f:c7:2e:
    1b:5d:06:81:36:cb:22:29:f4:6b:44:f8:61:d8:98:
    24:21
exponent2:
    7c:2e:a3:26:08:9e:71:4e:e0:a5:53:44:98:4f:03:
    cf:42:ec:37:c1:a0:c0:d4:51:18:95:24:34:42:98:
    36:ca:e9:41:38:cf:c6:98:82:75:25:78:fa:d9:49:
    51:86:4c:04:12:ab:3e:bc:c2:c0:70:e9:8e:86:2a:
    87:64:bf:bf:59:f2:43:97:f8:78:76:db:03:88:45:
    d1:81:c6:c6:42:17:f2:5d:87:82:ec:76:ae:3e:0f:
    a7:dc:3d:93:a9:db:7a:3f:ae:dc:bf:db:c3:2e:dc:
    b9:94:e6:d4:9d:2f:ca:93:dd:85:d8:9a:0a:cb:ee:
    fb:7e:e1:72:0e:69:11:3c:31:49:b4:01:5b:dd:cf:
    4d:40:0c:4e:af:58:d5:e7:28:69:2b:d6:4d:93:3f:
    08:23:30:2e:36:4f:ae:78:78:03:c9:36:60:44:6c:
    5d:15:2e:56:4f:a1:a5:9d:35:42:80:62:39:72:1a:
    c5:af:6c:2c:b8:ae:fa:a4:d3:1a:9b:da:fd:bd:4a:
    a9:0d:54:86:60:58:4a:69:5c:c1:88:1f:00:e5:8b:
    f8:93:d5:df:86:84:f7:08:52:0e:dd:ed:bc:47:15:
    d6:40:b4:20:08:50:3b:32:b7:05:3e:c4:cc:19:70:
    2c:29:c4:57:c5:17:57:e4:9f:96:51:fd:8f:41:97:
    53
coefficient:
    67:b3:34:12:b1:97:eb:d9:24:81:75:c3:c1:fa:9a:
    5c:c9:75:17:96:9e:a8:98:ed:32:8c:6e:8c:39:c2:
    63:55:c1:7f:0d:37:f9:a0:61:84:4a:ff:2a:2c:fc:
    49:87:0a:a9:52:e8:5f:9c:8d:4e:50:d3:1d:2e:a0:
    cd:da:55:0c:55:67:8d:d7:57:8f:b6:03:b1:7d:dc:
    b4:14:ab:c5:20:02:85:a1:a0:12:f6:f7:b4:9a:65:
    11:16:e6:b5:78:35:9d:4d:94:e6:0b:25:00:ae:85:
    29:fd:08:05:e7:90:12:7a:90:3f:98:35:c5:64:19:
    6f:4e:7b:5a:61:56:be:b4:72:a4:f7:0c:0d:43:f0:
    f0:5d:bb:d8:20:95:81:50:f1:9f:7c:3a:92:2f:9f:
    d4:56:27:b8:fd:d7:38:34:cc:b2:a9:47:75:43:26:
    aa:b2:55:6f:c4:88:cb:6d:12:ab:4c:4c:52:e3:4a:
    11:1e:57:6c:71:a0:5d:68:84:99:b3:4b:1e:7c:b1:
    f6:0a:22:4e:35:f1:d2:c4:c7:1b:bb:ed:86:0c:3b:
    a2:29:85:c0:86:16:8f:6c:e4:59:e0:06:7d:61:fb:
    14:5b:fa:ac:66:9d:87:e9:c8:66:fc:f4:40:13:06:
    b4:6f:2b:a2:f0:15:b8:26:c4:06:6b:b7:b0:7f:05:
    a9