研究python生命游戏（2022-01-06）

生命游戏其实是个挺有趣的思想实验，算法简单，也不难实现，有趣的是，可以以这个游戏为基础，添加各种规则，进行无限的扩展，来验证一些群体性事件，比如说城市交通、大型聚会之类的，给每一个“生命”添加一些小的行为选择规则，

先测试一下源代码插入效果怎么样。

"""
conway.py
A simple Python/matplotlib implementation of Conway's Game of Life.
Author: Mahesh Venkitachalam
"""

import sys, argparse
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as animation

ON = 255
OFF = 0
vals = [ON, OFF]


def randomGrid(N):
    """returns a grid of NxN random values"""
    return np.random.choice(vals, N * N, p=[0.2, 0.8]).reshape(N, N)


def addGlider(i, j, grid):
    """adds a glider with top left cell at (i, j)"""
    glider = np.array([[0, 0, 255],
                       [255, 0, 255],
                       [0, 255, 255]])
    grid[i:i + 3, j:j + 3] = glider


def addGosperGliderGun(i, j, grid):
    """adds a Gosper Glider Gun with top left cell at (i, j)"""
    gun = np.zeros(11 * 38).reshape(11, 38)

    gun[5][1] = gun[5][2] = 255
    gun[6][1] = gun[6][2] = 255

    gun[3][13] = gun[3][14] = 255
    gun[4][12] = gun[4][16] = 255
    gun[5][11] = gun[5][17] = 255
    gun[6][11] = gun[6][15] = gun[6][17] = gun[6][18] = 255
    gun[7][11] = gun[7][17] = 255
    gun[8][12] = gun[8][16] = 255
    gun[9][13] = gun[9][14] = 255

    gun[1][25] = 255
    gun[2][23] = gun[2][25] = 255
    gun[3][21] = gun[3][22] = 255
    gun[4][21] = gun[4][22] = 255
    gun[5][21] = gun[5][22] = 255
    gun[6][23] = gun[6][25] = 255
    gun[7][25] = 255

    gun[3][35] = gun[3][36] = 255
    gun[4][35] = gun[4][36] = 255

    grid[i:i + 11, j:j + 38] = gun


def update(frameNum, img, grid, N):
    # copy grid since we require 8 neighbors for calculation
    # and we go line by line
    newGrid = grid.copy()
    for i in range(N):
        for j in range(N):
            # compute 8-neghbor sum
            # using toroidal boundary conditions - x and y wrap around
            # so that the simulaton takes place on a toroidal surface.
            total = int((grid[i, (j - 1) % N] + grid[i, (j + 1) % N] +
                         grid[(i - 1) % N, j] + grid[(i + 1) % N, j] +
                         grid[(i - 1) % N, (j - 1) % N] + grid[(i - 1) % N, (j + 1) % N] +
                         grid[(i + 1) % N, (j - 1) % N] + grid[(i + 1) % N, (j + 1) % N]) / 255)
            # apply Conway's rules
            if grid[i, j] == ON:
                if (total < 2) or (total > 3):
                    newGrid[i, j] = OFF
            else:
                if total == 3:
                    newGrid[i, j] = ON
    # update data
    img.set_data(newGrid)
    grid[:] = newGrid[:]
    return img,


# main() function
def main():
    # Command line args are in sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2] ..
    # sys.argv[0] is the script name itself and can be ignored
    # parse arguments
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Runs Conway's Game of Life simulation.")
    # add arguments
    parser.add_argument('--grid-size', dest='N', required=False)
    parser.add_argument('--mov-file', dest='movfile', required=False)
    parser.add_argument('--interval', dest='interval', required=False)
    parser.add_argument('--glider', action='store_true', required=False)
    parser.add_argument('--gosper', action='store_true', required=False)
    args = parser.parse_args()

    # set grid size
    N = 100
    if args.N and int(args.N) > 8:
        N = int(args.N)

    # set animation update interval
    updateInterval = 10
    if args.interval:
        updateInterval = int(args.interval)

    # declare grid
    grid = np.array([])
    # check if "glider" demo flag is specified
    if args.glider:
        grid = np.zeros(N * N).reshape(N, N)
        addGlider(1, 1, grid)
    elif args.gosper:
        grid = np.zeros(N * N).reshape(N, N)
        addGosperGliderGun(10, 10, grid)
    else:
        # populate grid with random on/off - more off than on
        grid = randomGrid(N)

    # set up animation
    fig, ax = plt.subplots()
    img = ax.imshow(grid, interpolation='nearest')
    ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, update, fargs=(img, grid, N,),
                                  frames=30,
                                  interval=updateInterval,
                                  save_count=50)

    # # of frames?
    # set output file
    if args.movfile:
        ani.save(args.movfile, fps=30, extra_args=['-vcodec', 'libx264'])

    plt.show()


# call main
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()