在Kubernetes上部署Prometheus监控

作者: 橘子基因 | 来源:发表于2020-04-21 17:52 被阅读0次

在Kubernetes上部署Prometheus监控
kubernetes-prometheus
k8s-Prometheus
Prometheus-Operator 安装
多集群监控组件Thanos
Prometheus-2·配置及部署
Prometheus监控神器-Kubernetes篇（一）
在 AKS 上部署 prometheus-operator
Prometheus监控神器-Kubernetes篇（三）
Prometheus+Grafana监控Docker主机

1. 部署node-exporter

node-exporter.yaml

---
    apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
    kind: DaemonSet
    metadata:
      name: node-exporter
      namespace: kube-system
      labels:
        k8s-app: node-exporter
    spec:
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            k8s-app: node-exporter
        spec:
#          imagePullSecrets:
#            - name: regsecret
          containers:
#          - image: 私有仓库ip:port/prom/node-exporter:v0.18.0
          - image: prom/node-exporter
            name: node-exporter
            ports:
            - containerPort: 9100
              protocol: TCP
              name: http

此处我拉的自己私有仓库的镜像，关于Kubernetes从私有仓库拉去镜像可参考文章：https://www.jianshu.com/p/de030582cd75

node-svc.yaml

---
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Service
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: node-exporter
      name: node-exporter
      namespace: kube-system
    spec:
      ports:
      - name: http
        port: 9100
        nodePort: 31672
        protocol: TCP
      type: NodePort
      selector:
        k8s-app: node-exporter

创建node-exporter的pod和service

kubectl create -f  node-exporter.yaml 
kubectl create -f  node-svc.yaml

2. 部署Prometheus组件

2.1 rbac文件

rbac-setup.yaml

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
  resources:
  - nodes
  - nodes/proxy
  - services
  - endpoints
  - pods
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups:
  - extensions
  resources:
  - ingresses
  verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- nonResourceURLs: ["/metrics"]
  verbs: ["get"]
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: prometheus
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: prometheus
  namespace: kube-system

configmap.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: prometheus-config
  namespace: kube-system
data:
  prometheus.yml: |
    global:
      scrape_interval:     15s
      evaluation_interval: 15s
    scrape_configs:

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-apiservers'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]
        action: keep
        regex: default;kubernetes;https

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-nodes'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-cadvisor'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: node
      scheme: https
      tls_config:
        ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crt
      bearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
      relabel_configs:
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.+)
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]
        regex: (.+)
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-service-endpoints'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: endpoints
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]
        action: replace
        target_label: __scheme__
        regex: (https?)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        target_label: __address__
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        replacement: $1:$2
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_name

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-services'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: service
      metrics_path: /probe
      params:
        module: [http_2xx]
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__address__]
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
        target_label: kubernetes_name

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-ingresses'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: ingress
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]
        regex: (.+);(.+);(.+)
        replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}
        target_label: __param_target
      - target_label: __address__
        replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115
      - source_labels: [__param_target]
        target_label: instance
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]
        target_label: kubernetes_name

    - job_name: 'kubernetes-pods'
      kubernetes_sd_configs:
      - role: pod
      relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
        action: keep
        regex: true
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]
        action: replace
        target_label: __metrics_path__
        regex: (.+)
      - source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]
        action: replace
        regex: ([^:]+)(?::\d+)?;(\d+)
        replacement: $1:$2
        target_label: __address__
      - action: labelmap
        regex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.+)
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_namespace
      - source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
        action: replace
        target_label: kubernetes_pod_name

prometheus.yaml

---
    apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
    kind: Deployment
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: prometheus-deployment
      name: prometheus
      namespace: kube-system
    spec:
      replicas: 1
      selector:
        matchLabels:
          app: prometheus
      template:
        metadata:
          labels:
            app: prometheus
        spec:
         # imagePullSecrets:
          #  - name: regsecret
          containers:
         # - image: 私有仓库ip:port/prom/prometheus:v2.13.1
          - image: prom/prometheus:v2.13.1    
   name: prometheus
            command:
            - "/bin/prometheus"
            args:
            - "--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml"
            - "--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus"
            - "--storage.tsdb.retention=24h"
            ports:
            - containerPort: 9090
              protocol: TCP
            volumeMounts:
            - mountPath: "/prometheus"
              name: data
            - mountPath: "/etc/prometheus"
              name: config-volume
            resources:
              requests:
                cpu: 100m
                memory: 100Mi
              limits:
                cpu: 500m
                memory: 2500Mi
          serviceAccountName: prometheus    
          volumes:
          - name: data
            emptyDir: {}
          - name: config-volume
            configMap:
              name: prometheus-config

prometheus-svc.yaml

---
    kind: Service
    apiVersion: v1
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: prometheus
      name: prometheus
      namespace: kube-system
    spec:
      type: NodePort
      ports:
      - port: 9090
        targetPort: 9090
        nodePort: 30003
      selector:
        app: prometheus

部署相应文件

kubectl create -f  rbac-setup.yaml
kubectl create -f  configmap.yaml 
kubectl create -f  prometheus.yaml
kubectl create -f  prometheus-svc.yaml

3. 查看Prometheus部署

node-exporter的pods：

node-exporter.png
查看metrics，访问http://[你的集群ip]:31672/metrics

metrics.jpg
prometheus对应的nodeport端口为30003，通过访问http://ip:30003/target 可以看到prometheus已经成功连接上了k8s的apiserver。

targets.jpg
在prometheus的web界面上查询K8S集群中每个pod的cpu使用情sum by (pod_name)( rate(container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{image!="", pod_name!=""}[1m] ) )况

查询.jpg
查询结果

查询结果.jpg

4. 部署grafana组件

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: grafana-core
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: grafana
    component: core
spec:
  replicas: 1
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: grafana
        component: core
    spec:
#      imagePullSecrets:
#        - name: regsecret
      containers:
#      - image: 私有镜像ip:port/grafana/grafana:6.7.1
      - image: grafana/grafana:6.7.1
        name: grafana-core
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        # env:
        resources:
          # keep request = limit to keep this container in guaranteed class
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        env:
          # The following env variables set up basic auth twith the default admin user and admin password.
          - name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLED
            value: "true"
          - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLED
            value: "false"
          # - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE
          #   value: Admin
          # does not really work, because of template variables in exported dashboards:
          # - name: GF_DASHBOARDS_JSON_ENABLED
          #   value: "true"
        readinessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /login
            port: 3000
          # initialDelaySeconds: 30
          # timeoutSeconds: 1
    #     volumeMounts:
    #     - name: grafana-persistent-storage
    #       mountPath: /var
    #   volumes:
    #   - name: grafana-persistent-storage
    #     emptyDir: {}

grafana-svc.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: grafana
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    app: grafana
    component: core
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 3000
  selector:
    app: grafana
    component: core

查看grafana service的端口号kubectl get svc -n kube-system

svc.png

访问http://ip:31518，输入用户和密码（都为admin）

grafana.jpg
选择add data source，选择Prometheus。

add data source.png
编辑配置：

edit.png
选择dashboards，点击manage。

dashboards.png
点击import导入模板

import.png
进入该网站下载模板的json文件：https://grafana.com/dashboards/315

image.png
导入json文件

json.png
返回dashboard查看导入模板后的监控数据：

test-1.png

test-2.png

参考:

https://blog.51cto.com/ylw6006/2084403
https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/162

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