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Spring Cloud(六)分布式配置中心(Spring Cl

Spring Cloud(六)分布式配置中心(Spring Cl

作者: _Hatake_Kakashi | 来源:发表于2018-12-06 11:13 被阅读0次

    一,简介

    在分布式系统中,由于服务数量巨多,为了方便服务配置文件统一管理,实时更新,所以需要分布式配置中心组件。在Spring Cloud中,有分布式配置中心组件spring cloud config ,它支持配置服务放在配置服务的内存中(即本地),也支持放在远程Git仓库中。在spring cloud config 组件中,分两个角色,一是config server,二是config client。

    二,构建Config Server

    建立父maven工程,pom代码如下

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.1.RELEASE</version>
            <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
        </parent>
    
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>demo2-springcloud</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>pom</packaging>
    
        <name>demo2-springcloud</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <modules>
            <module>config-server</module>
            <module>config-client</module>
        </modules>
    
        <properties>
            <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
            <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
            <java.version>1.8</java.version>
            <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
        </properties>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <dependencyManagement>
            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                    <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                    <type>pom</type>
                    <scope>import</scope>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>
        </dependencyManagement>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    

    创建子module一个spring-boot项目,取名为config-server,其pom.xml如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>demo2-springcloud</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
    
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>config-server</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
        <name>config-server</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    

    在程序的入口Application类加上@EnableConfigServer注解开启配置服务器的功能,代码如下:

    package com.example.configserver;
    
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;
    
    @EnableConfigServer
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class ConfigServerApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
        }
    }
    

    需要在程序的配置文件application.properties文件配置以下:

    spring:
      application:
        name: config-server
      cloud:
        config:
          server:
            git:
              uri: https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig/
              search-paths: respo
              username:
              password:
          label: master
    server:
      port: 8888
    
    • spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri:配置git仓库地址
    • spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths:配置仓库路径
    • spring.cloud.config.label:配置仓库的分支
    • spring.cloud.config.server.git.username:访问git仓库的用户名
    • spring.cloud.config.server.git.password:访问git仓库的用户密码
      如果Git仓库为公开仓库,可以不填写用户名和密码,如果是私有仓库需要填写,本例子是公开仓库,放心使用。(大佬的Git仓库,搬过来的)

    启动程序:访问http://localhost:8888/config-client/dev
    访问结果

    {"name":"config-client","profiles":["dev"],"label":null,"version":"00d32612a38898781bce791a4a845e60a7fbdb4e","state":null,"propertySources":[{"name":"https://github.com/forezp/SpringcloudConfig//respo/config-client-dev.properties","source":{"foo":"foo version 2","democonfigclient.message":"hello spring io"}}]}
    

    证明配置服务中心可以从远程程序获取配置信息。

    http请求地址和资源文件映射如下:
    /{application}/{profile}[/{label}]
    /{application}-{profile}.yml
    /{label}/{application}-{profile}.yml
    /{application}-{profile}.properties
    /{label}/{application}-{profile}.properties

    示例

    三,构建一个Config Client

    再创建一个springboot项目,取名为config-client,其pom文件:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
        <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
        <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>config-client</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <packaging>jar</packaging>
        <name>config-client</name>
        <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    
        <parent>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>demo2-springcloud</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </parent>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
        <build>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </build>
    </project>
    

    其配置文件bootstrap.properties:(注意此时是新建一个新的properties配置文件!!!不然会报错!!)

    bootstrap

    spring.cloud.config.label 指明远程仓库的分支
    spring.cloud.config.profile

    • dev开发环境配置文件
    • test测试环境
    • pro正式环境
      spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:8888/ 指明配置服务中心的网址。

    程序的入口类,写一个API接口“/hi”,返回从配置中心读取的foo变量的值,代码如下:

    package com.example.configclient;
    
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
    import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
    import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    @RestController
    @SpringBootApplication
    public class ConfigClientApplication {
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            SpringApplication.run(ConfigClientApplication.class, args);
        }
    
        @Value("${foo}")
        String foo;
        @RequestMapping("/hi")
        public String sayHi(){
            return foo;
        }
    
    }
    

    打开网址访问:http://localhost:8881/hi

    访问结果

    这就说明,config-client从config-server获取了foo的属性,而config-server是从git仓库读取的,如图:


    参考资料

    大佬的文章https://blog.csdn.net/forezp/article/details/81041028#commentsedit

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