int(整型)
在32位机器上,整数的位数为32位,取值范围为-2**31~2**31-1,即-2147483648~2147483647
在64位系统上,整数的位数为64位,取值范围为-2**63~2**63-1,即-9223372036854775808~9223372036854775807
class int(object):
"""
int(x=0) -> integer
int(x, base=10) -> integer
Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
are given. If x is a number, return x.__int__(). For floating point
numbers, this truncates towards zero.
If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string,
bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the
given base. The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded
by whitespace. The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.
Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
>>> int('0b100', base=0)
4
"""
def bit_length(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
int.bit_length() -> int
Number of bits necessary to represent self in binary.
>>> bin(37)
'0b100101'
>>> (37).bit_length()
6
"""
return 0
def conjugate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Returns self, the complex conjugate of any int. """
pass
@classmethod # known case
def from_bytes(cls, bytes, byteorder, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__
"""
int.from_bytes(bytes, byteorder, *, signed=False) -> int
Return the integer represented by the given array of bytes.
The bytes argument must be a bytes-like object (e.g. bytes or bytearray).
The byteorder argument determines the byte order used to represent the
integer. If byteorder is 'big', the most significant byte is at the
beginning of the byte array. If byteorder is 'little', the most
significant byte is at the end of the byte array. To request the native
byte order of the host system, use `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value.
The signed keyword-only argument indicates whether two's complement is
used to represent the integer.
"""
pass
def to_bytes(self, length, byteorder, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__
"""
int.to_bytes(length, byteorder, *, signed=False) -> bytes
Return an array of bytes representing an integer.
The integer is represented using length bytes. An OverflowError is
raised if the integer is not representable with the given number of
bytes.
The byteorder argument determines the byte order used to represent the
integer. If byteorder is 'big', the most significant byte is at the
beginning of the byte array. If byteorder is 'little', the most
significant byte is at the end of the byte array. To request the native
byte order of the host system, use `sys.byteorder' as the byte order value.
The signed keyword-only argument determines whether two's complement is
used to represent the integer. If signed is False and a negative integer
is given, an OverflowError is raised.
"""
pass
def __abs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" abs(self) """
pass
def __add__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self+value. """
pass
def __and__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self&value. """
pass
def __bool__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" self != 0 """
pass
def __ceil__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Ceiling of an Integral returns itself. """
pass
def __divmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return divmod(self, value). """
pass
def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self==value. """
pass
def __float__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" float(self) """
pass
def __floordiv__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self//value. """
pass
def __floor__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Flooring an Integral returns itself. """
pass
def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
pass
def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return getattr(self, name). """
pass
def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
pass
def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self>=value. """
pass
def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self>value. """
pass
def __hash__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return hash(self). """
pass
def __index__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self converted to an integer, if self is suitable for use as an index into a list. """
pass
def __init__(self, x, base=10): # known special case of int.__init__
"""
int(x=0) -> integer
int(x, base=10) -> integer
Convert a number or string to an integer, or return 0 if no arguments
are given. If x is a number, return x.__int__(). For floating point
numbers, this truncates towards zero.
If x is not a number or if base is given, then x must be a string,
bytes, or bytearray instance representing an integer literal in the
given base. The literal can be preceded by '+' or '-' and be surrounded
by whitespace. The base defaults to 10. Valid bases are 0 and 2-36.
Base 0 means to interpret the base from the string as an integer literal.
>>> int('0b100', base=0)
4
# (copied from class doc)
"""
pass
def __int__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" int(self) """
pass
def __invert__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" ~self """
pass
def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self<=value. """
pass
def __lshift__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self<<value. """
pass
def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self<value. """
pass
def __mod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self%value. """
pass
def __mul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self*value. """
pass
def __neg__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" -self """
pass
@staticmethod # known case of __new__
def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. """
pass
def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self!=value. """
pass
def __or__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self|value. """
pass
def __pos__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" +self """
pass
def __pow__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return pow(self, value, mod). """
pass
def __radd__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value+self. """
pass
def __rand__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value&self. """
pass
def __rdivmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return divmod(value, self). """
pass
def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return repr(self). """
pass
def __rfloordiv__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value//self. """
pass
def __rlshift__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value<<self. """
pass
def __rmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value%self. """
pass
def __rmul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value*self. """
pass
def __ror__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value|self. """
pass
def __round__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Rounding an Integral returns itself.
Rounding with an ndigits argument also returns an integer.
"""
pass
def __rpow__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return pow(value, self, mod). """
pass
def __rrshift__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value>>self. """
pass
def __rshift__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self>>value. """
pass
def __rsub__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value-self. """
pass
def __rtruediv__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value/self. """
pass
def __rxor__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value^self. """
pass
def __sizeof__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Returns size in memory, in bytes """
pass
def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return str(self). """
pass
def __sub__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self-value. """
pass
def __truediv__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self/value. """
pass
def __trunc__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Truncating an Integral returns itself. """
pass
def __xor__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self^value. """
pass
>>> int('0b100', base=0)
4
# (copied from class doc)
"""
pass
def __int__(self):
""" 转换为整数 """
""" x.__int__() <==> int(x) """
pass
def __long__(self):
""" 转换为长整数 """
""" x.__long__() <==> long(x) """
pass
def __str__(self):
"""转换为人阅读的形式,如果没有适于人阅读的解释形式的话,则返回解释器课阅读的形式"""
""" x.__str__() <==> str(x) """
pass
def __repr__(self):
"""转化为解释器可读取的形式 """
""" x.__repr__() <==> repr(x) """
pass
2、布尔值
真或假
1 或 0
3、字符串
字符串常用功能:
- 移除空白
- 分割
- 长度
- 索引
- 切片
class str(object):
"""
str(object='') -> str
str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str
Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or
errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer
that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler.
Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined)
or repr(object).
encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().
errors defaults to 'strict'.
"""
def capitalize(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.capitalize() -> str
Return a capitalized version of S, i.e. make the first character
have upper case and the rest lower case.
"""
return ""
def casefold(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.casefold() -> str
Return a version of S suitable for caseless comparisons.
"""
return ""
def center(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.center(width[, fillchar]) -> str
Return S centered in a string of length width. Padding is
done using the specified fill character (default is a space)
"""
return ""
def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in
string S[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are
interpreted as in slice notation.
"""
return 0
def encode(self, encoding='utf-8', errors='strict'): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.encode(encoding='utf-8', errors='strict') -> bytes
Encode S using the codec registered for encoding. Default encoding
is 'utf-8'. errors may be given to set a different error
handling scheme. Default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise
a UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and
'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with
codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors.
"""
return b""
def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.
With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
"""
return False
def expandtabs(self, tabsize=8): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.expandtabs(tabsize=8) -> str
Return a copy of S where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.
If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.
"""
return ""
def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
Return -1 on failure.
"""
return 0
def format(self, *args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format
"""
S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str
Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.
The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').
"""
pass
def format_map(self, mapping): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.format_map(mapping) -> str
Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping.
The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').
"""
return ""
def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
Like S.find() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
"""
return 0
def isalnum(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isalnum() -> bool
Return True if all characters in S are alphanumeric
and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
"""
return False
def isalpha(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isalpha() -> bool
Return True if all characters in S are alphabetic
and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
"""
return False
def isdecimal(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isdecimal() -> bool
Return True if there are only decimal characters in S,
False otherwise.
"""
return False
def isdigit(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isdigit() -> bool
Return True if all characters in S are digits
and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
"""
return False
def isidentifier(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isidentifier() -> bool
Return True if S is a valid identifier according
to the language definition.
Use keyword.iskeyword() to test for reserved identifiers
such as "def" and "class".
"""
return False
def islower(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.islower() -> bool
Return True if all cased characters in S are lowercase and there is
at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
"""
return False
def isnumeric(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isnumeric() -> bool
Return True if there are only numeric characters in S,
False otherwise.
"""
return False
def isprintable(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isprintable() -> bool
Return True if all characters in S are considered
printable in repr() or S is empty, False otherwise.
"""
return False
def isspace(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isspace() -> bool
Return True if all characters in S are whitespace
and there is at least one character in S, False otherwise.
"""
return False
def istitle(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.istitle() -> bool
Return True if S is a titlecased string and there is at least one
character in S, i.e. upper- and titlecase characters may only
follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones.
Return False otherwise.
"""
return False
def isupper(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.isupper() -> bool
Return True if all cased characters in S are uppercase and there is
at least one cased character in S, False otherwise.
"""
return False
def join(self, iterable): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.join(iterable) -> str
Return a string which is the concatenation of the strings in the
iterable. The separator between elements is S.
"""
return ""
def ljust(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.ljust(width[, fillchar]) -> str
Return S left-justified in a Unicode string of length width. Padding is
done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
"""
return ""
def lower(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.lower() -> str
Return a copy of the string S converted to lowercase.
"""
return ""
def lstrip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.lstrip([chars]) -> str
Return a copy of the string S with leading whitespace removed.
If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
"""
return ""
def maketrans(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
"""
Return a translation table usable for str.translate().
If there is only one argument, it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode
ordinals (integers) or characters to Unicode ordinals, strings or None.
Character keys will be then converted to ordinals.
If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length, and
in the resulting dictionary, each character in x will be mapped to the
character at the same position in y. If there is a third argument, it
must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to None in the result.
"""
pass
def partition(self, sep): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.partition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it,
the separator itself, and the part after it. If the separator is not
found, return S and two empty strings.
"""
pass
def replace(self, old, new, count=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.replace(old, new[, count]) -> str
Return a copy of S with all occurrences of substring
old replaced by new. If the optional argument count is
given, only the first count occurrences are replaced.
"""
return ""
def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.
Return -1 on failure.
"""
return 0
def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int
Like S.rfind() but raise ValueError when the substring is not found.
"""
return 0
def rjust(self, width, fillchar=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rjust(width[, fillchar]) -> str
Return S right-justified in a string of length width. Padding is
done using the specified fill character (default is a space).
"""
return ""
def rpartition(self, sep): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rpartition(sep) -> (head, sep, tail)
Search for the separator sep in S, starting at the end of S, and return
the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it. If the
separator is not found, return two empty strings and S.
"""
pass
def rsplit(self, sep=None, maxsplit=-1): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rsplit(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings
Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the
delimiter string, starting at the end of the string and
working to the front. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
splits are done. If sep is not specified, any whitespace string
is a separator.
"""
return []
def rstrip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.rstrip([chars]) -> str
Return a copy of the string S with trailing whitespace removed.
If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
"""
return ""
def split(self, sep=None, maxsplit=-1): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.split(sep=None, maxsplit=-1) -> list of strings
Return a list of the words in S, using sep as the
delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
splits are done. If sep is not specified or is None, any
whitespace string is a separator and empty strings are
removed from the result.
"""
return []
def splitlines(self, keepends=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.splitlines([keepends]) -> list of strings
Return a list of the lines in S, breaking at line boundaries.
Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends
is given and true.
"""
return []
def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool
Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.
With optional start, test S beginning at that position.
With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.
prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.
"""
return False
def strip(self, chars=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.strip([chars]) -> str
Return a copy of the string S with leading and trailing
whitespace removed.
If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.
"""
return ""
def swapcase(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.swapcase() -> str
Return a copy of S with uppercase characters converted to lowercase
and vice versa.
"""
return ""
def title(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.title() -> str
Return a titlecased version of S, i.e. words start with title case
characters, all remaining cased characters have lower case.
"""
return ""
def translate(self, table): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.translate(table) -> str
Return a copy of the string S in which each character has been mapped
through the given translation table. The table must implement
lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a dictionary or list,
mapping Unicode ordinals to Unicode ordinals, strings, or None. If
this operation raises LookupError, the character is left untouched.
Characters mapped to None are deleted.
"""
return ""
def upper(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.upper() -> str
Return a copy of S converted to uppercase.
"""
return ""
def zfill(self, width): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.zfill(width) -> str
Pad a numeric string S with zeros on the left, to fill a field
of the specified width. The string S is never truncated.
"""
return ""
def __add__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self+value. """
pass
def __contains__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return key in self. """
pass
def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self==value. """
pass
def __format__(self, format_spec): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
"""
S.__format__(format_spec) -> str
Return a formatted version of S as described by format_spec.
"""
return ""
def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return getattr(self, name). """
pass
def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self[key]. """
pass
def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
pass
def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self>=value. """
pass
def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self>value. """
pass
def __hash__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return hash(self). """
pass
def __init__(self, value='', encoding=None, errors='strict'): # known special case of str.__init__
"""
str(object='') -> str
str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str
Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or
errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer
that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler.
Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined)
or repr(object).
encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().
errors defaults to 'strict'.
# (copied from class doc)
"""
pass
def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Implement iter(self). """
pass
def __len__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return len(self). """
pass
def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self<=value. """
pass
def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self<value. """
pass
def __mod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self%value. """
pass
def __mul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self*value.n """
pass
@staticmethod # known case of __new__
def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. """
pass
def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self!=value. """
pass
def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return repr(self). """
pass
def __rmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return value%self. """
pass
def __rmul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return self*value. """
pass
def __sizeof__(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__
""" S.__sizeof__() -> size of S in memory, in bytes """
pass
def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown
""" Return str(self). """
pass
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