主布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">
    <ListView
        android:id="@+id/contacts_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

    </ListView>
</LinearLayout>

在注册文件中声明权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>

主活动代码如下：

package com.example.contactstest;
import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;
    List<String> contactsList=new ArrayList<>();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ListView contactsView=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.contacts_view);
        adapter=new ArrayAdapter<String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,contactsList);
        contactsView.setAdapter(adapter);
        if(ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},1);
        }else{
            readContacts();
        }
    }
    private void readContacts(){
        Cursor cursor=null;
        try{
            //查询联系人数据          cursor=getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,null,
                    null,null,null);
            if(cursor!=null){
                while(cursor.moveToNext()){
                    //获取联系人姓名
                    String displayName=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds
                    .Phone.DISPLAY_NAME));
                    //获取联系人手机号
                    String number=cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone
                    .NUMBER));
                    contactsList.add(displayName+"\n"+number);
                }
                adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
            }
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            if(cursor!=null){
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch(requestCode){
            case 1:               if(grantResults.length>0&&grantResults[0]==PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
                    readContacts();
                }else{
                    Toast.makeText(this,"You denied the Permission",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                }
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}