狂神说-nginx笔记讲解

参考原文

4、配置监听

nginx的配置文件是conf目录下的nginx.conf，默认配置的nginx监听的端口为80，如果80端口被占用可以修改为未被占用的端口即可。

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当我们修改了nginx的配置文件nginx.conf 时，不需要关闭nginx后重新启动nginx，只需要执行命令 nginx -s reload 即可让改动生效

5、关闭nginx

如果使用cmd命令窗口启动nginx， 关闭cmd窗口是不能结束nginx进程的，可使用两种方法关闭nginx

(1)输入nginx命令 nginx -s stop(快速停止nginx) 或 nginx -s quit(完整有序的停止nginx)

(2)使用taskkill taskkill /f /t /im nginx.exe

<pre data-darkmode-bgcolor-16206563839693="rgb(34, 34, 34)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(246, 246, 246)" data-darkmode-color-16206563839693="rgb(186, 193, 199)" data-darkmode-original-color-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(33, 37, 41)" data-style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 16px; list-style: none; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; font-family: "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; overflow: auto; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: rgb(246, 246, 246); border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); text-align: left;" class="js_darkmode__25" style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(246, 246, 246); color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font: 400 12px / 1.6 "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; list-style: none; overflow: auto; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; text-align: left;">

1. taskkill是用来终止进程的，

2. /f是强制终止 .

3. /t终止指定的进程和任何由此启动的子进程。

4. /im示指定的进程名称 .

</pre>

linux下安装

1、安装gcc

安装 nginx 需要先将官网下载的源码进行编译，编译依赖 gcc 环境，如果没有 gcc 环境，则需要安装：

<pre data-darkmode-bgcolor-16206563839693="rgb(34, 34, 34)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(246, 246, 246)" data-darkmode-color-16206563839693="rgb(186, 193, 199)" data-darkmode-original-color-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(33, 37, 41)" data-style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 16px; list-style: none; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; font-family: "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; overflow: auto; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: rgb(246, 246, 246); border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); text-align: left;" class="js_darkmode__44" style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(246, 246, 246); color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font: 400 12px / 1.6 "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; list-style: none; overflow: auto; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; text-align: left;">

1. yum install gcc-c++

</pre>

2、PCRE pcre-devel 安装

PCRE(Perl Compatible Regular Expressions) 是一个Perl库，包括 perl 兼容的正则表达式库。nginx 的 http 模块使用 pcre 来解析正则表达式，所以需要在 linux 上安装 pcre 库，pcre-devel 是使用 pcre 开发的一个二次开发库。nginx也需要此库。命令：

<pre data-darkmode-bgcolor-16206563839693="rgb(34, 34, 34)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(246, 246, 246)" data-darkmode-color-16206563839693="rgb(186, 193, 199)" data-darkmode-original-color-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(33, 37, 41)" data-style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 16px; list-style: none; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; font-family: "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; overflow: auto; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: rgb(246, 246, 246); border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); text-align: left;" class="js_darkmode__49" style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(246, 246, 246); color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font: 400 12px / 1.6 "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; list-style: none; overflow: auto; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; text-align: left;">

1. yum install -y pcre pcre-devel

</pre>

3、zlib 安装

zlib 库提供了很多种压缩和解压缩的方式， nginx 使用 zlib 对 http 包的内容进行 gzip ，所以需要在 Centos 上安装 zlib 库。

<pre data-darkmode-bgcolor-16206563839693="rgb(34, 34, 34)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(246, 246, 246)" data-darkmode-color-16206563839693="rgb(186, 193, 199)" data-darkmode-original-color-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(33, 37, 41)" data-style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 16px; list-style: none; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; font-family: "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; overflow: auto; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: rgb(246, 246, 246); border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); text-align: left;" class="js_darkmode__55" style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(246, 246, 246); color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font: 400 12px / 1.6 "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; list-style: none; overflow: auto; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; text-align: left;">

1. yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

</pre>

4、OpenSSL 安装
OpenSSL 是一个强大的安全套接字层密码库，囊括主要的密码算法、常用的密钥和证书封装管理功能及 SSL 协议，并提供丰富的应用程序供测试或其它目的使用。
nginx 不仅支持 http 协议，还支持 https（即在ssl协议上传输http），所以需要在 Centos 安装 OpenSSL 库。

<pre data-darkmode-bgcolor-16206563839693="rgb(34, 34, 34)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(246, 246, 246)" data-darkmode-color-16206563839693="rgb(186, 193, 199)" data-darkmode-original-color-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(33, 37, 41)" data-style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 16px; list-style: none; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; font-family: "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; overflow: auto; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: rgb(246, 246, 246); border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); text-align: left;" class="js_darkmode__61" style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(246, 246, 246); color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font: 400 12px / 1.6 "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; list-style: none; overflow: auto; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; text-align: left;">

1. yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

</pre>

5、下载安装包

手动下载.tar.gz安装包，地址：https://nginx.org/en/download.html

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下载完毕上传到服务器上 /root

6、解压

<pre data-darkmode-bgcolor-16206563839693="rgb(34, 34, 34)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(246, 246, 246)" data-darkmode-color-16206563839693="rgb(186, 193, 199)" data-darkmode-original-color-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(33, 37, 41)" data-style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 16px; list-style: none; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; font-family: "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; overflow: auto; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: rgb(246, 246, 246); border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); text-align: left;" class="js_darkmode__68" style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(246, 246, 246); color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font: 400 12px / 1.6 "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; list-style: none; overflow: auto; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; text-align: left;">

1. tar -zxvf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz

2. cd nginx-1.18.0

</pre>

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7、配置

使用默认配置，在nginx根目录下执行

<pre data-darkmode-bgcolor-16206563839693="rgb(34, 34, 34)" data-darkmode-original-bgcolor-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(246, 246, 246)" data-darkmode-color-16206563839693="rgb(186, 193, 199)" data-darkmode-original-color-16206563839693="#fff|rgb(33, 37, 41)" data-style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 16px; list-style: none; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.6; font-family: "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; overflow: auto; color: rgb(33, 37, 41); -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: rgb(246, 246, 246); border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); text-align: left;" class="js_darkmode__85" style="margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; overflow-wrap: break-word; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); background: rgb(246, 246, 246); color: rgb(33, 37, 41); font: 400 12px / 1.6 "YaHei Consolas Hybrid", Consolas, "Meiryo UI", "Malgun Gothic", "Segoe UI", "Trebuchet MS", Helvetica, monospace, monospace; letter-spacing: 0.544px; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; list-style: none; overflow: auto; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); white-space: pre-wrap; border-radius: 3px; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; text-align: left;">

1. ./configure

2. make

3. make install

</pre>

查找安装路径： whereis nginx

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Nginx常用命令

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin/

./nginx  启动

./nginx -s stop  停止

./nginx -s quit  安全退出

./nginx -s reload  重新加载配置文件

ps aux|grep nginx  查看nginx进程

注意：如何连接不上，检查阿里云安全组是否开放端口，或者服务器防火墙是否开放端口！
相关命令：

# 开启

service firewalld start

# 重启

service firewalld restart

# 关闭

service firewalld stop

# 查看防火墙规则

firewall-cmd --list-all

# 查询端口是否开放

firewall-cmd --query-port=8080/tcp

# 开放80端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp

# 移除端口

firewall-cmd --permanent --remove-port=8080/tcp



#重启防火墙(修改配置后要重启防火墙)

firewall-cmd --reload



# 参数解释

1、firwall-cmd：是Linux提供的操作firewall的一个工具；

2、--permanent：表示设置为持久；

3、--add-port：标识添加的端口；