为什么不使用shape标签
我想大家平常都用过shape标签来定义一个Drawable,来实现一些例如圆角、设置描边等一些需求。但是,最近发现项目中res/drawable/下的shape标签文件越来越多,每当我们实现一些稍微不同的小需求时(例如圆角半径不同)就要新建一个shape标签的文件,这不仅很繁琐,还增加了内存、增加了apk的大小。
GradientDrawable:shape的动态实现
在我们使用shape标签定义的xml时,其实最终转化为了GradientDrawable。所以,我们可以通过动态设置GradientDrawable来实现圆角、设置描边等功能需求。
动态实现圆角、修改背景色、设置描边Button
1、自定义GradientDrawable
有关GradientDrawable设置圆角、描边等API请查看官方文档:https://www.apiref.com/android-zh/android/graphics/drawable/GradientDrawable.html
如果我们想更加方便的自定义配置圆角值等功能,需要继承GradientDrawable,关于自定义view的流程想必大家都熟悉这里不再详细说明,代码如下:
/**
* @author zhaotk
* res/drawable 中的shape文件动态设置
*/
public class RoundButtonDrawable extends GradientDrawable {
private int mStrokeWidth = 0;
/**
* 设置描边宽度和颜色
*/
void setStrokeData(int width, int color) {
mStrokeWidth = width;
setStroke(width, color);
}
void setStrokeColor(int color){
setStrokeData(mStrokeWidth, color);
}
static RoundButtonDrawable fromAttrSet(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.RoundButton, defStyleAttr, 0);
int bgColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.RoundButton_bgColor, ContextCompat.getColor(context,R.color.white));
int mRadius = typedArray.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.RoundButton_radius, 0);
int mTopLeftRadius = typedArray.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.RoundButton_topLeftRadius, 0);
int mTopRightRadius = typedArray.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.RoundButton_topRightRadius, 0);
int mBottomLeftRadius = typedArray.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.RoundButton_bottomLeftRadius, 0);
int mBottomRightRadius = typedArray.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.RoundButton_bottomRightRadius, 0);
int strokeColor = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.RoundButton_strokeColor,ContextCompat.getColor(context,R.color.white));
int strokeWidth = typedArray.getDimensionPixelSize(R.styleable.RoundButton_strokeWidth, 0);
typedArray.recycle();
RoundButtonDrawable roundButtonDrawable = new RoundButtonDrawable();
//设置背景颜色
roundButtonDrawable.setColor(bgColor);
//优先设置指定的圆角
if (mTopLeftRadius > 0 || mTopRightRadius > 0 || mBottomLeftRadius > 0 || mBottomRightRadius > 0) {
float[] radii = new float[]{
mTopLeftRadius, mTopLeftRadius,
mTopRightRadius, mTopRightRadius,
mBottomLeftRadius, mBottomLeftRadius,
mBottomRightRadius, mBottomRightRadius
};
roundButtonDrawable.setCornerRadii(radii);
} else {
roundButtonDrawable.setCornerRadius(mRadius);
}
//设置描边的宽度和颜色
roundButtonDrawable.setStrokeData(strokeWidth, strokeColor);
return roundButtonDrawable;
}
}
image.gif
attr代码如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>
<declare-styleable name="RoundButton">
<attr name="roundBgColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="roundRadius" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="topLeftRadius" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="topRightRadius" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="bottomLeftRadius" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="bottomRightRadius" format="dimension"/>
<attr name="roundStrokeColor" format="color"/>
<attr name="roundStrokeWidth" format="dimension"/>
</declare-styleable>
<attr name="RoundButtonStyle" format="reference"/>
</resources>
image.gif
2、自定义Button,设置GradientDrawable为背景
因为GradientDrawable是shape标签的具体代码实现,所以,如果我们想通过GradientDrawable来实现圆角等功能需求的话,需要把上一步骤中我们自定义的GradientDrawable来作为button的background,具体代码如下:
/**
* @author zhaotk
* 可以设置背景色、指定圆角、描边的宽度和颜色
*/
public class RoundButton extends AppCompatTextView {
private RoundButtonDrawable roundButtonDrawable;
public RoundButton(Context context) {
super(context);
init(context, null, 0);
}
public RoundButton(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
super(context, attrs, R.attr.RoundButtonStyle);
init(context, attrs, R.attr.RoundButtonStyle);
}
public RoundButton(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
init(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
}
private void init(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
roundButtonDrawable = RoundButtonDrawable.fromAttrSet(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
ViewHelperUtils.setBackgroundKeepingPadding(this, roundButtonDrawable);
}
/**
* 设置背景颜色
* @param color
*/
@Override
public void setBackgroundColor(int color) {
roundButtonDrawable. setColor(color);
}
/**
* 设置描边的宽度和颜色
* @param width
* @param color
*/
public void setStrokeData(int width, int color) {
roundButtonDrawable.setStrokeData(width, color);
}
/**
* 设置描边颜色
* @param color
*/
public void setStrokeColors(int color) {
roundButtonDrawable.setStrokeColor(color);
}
/**
* 设置四个角的半径
* @param radius
*/
public void setRadius(int radius){
roundButtonDrawable.setCornerRadius(radius);
}
/**
* 设置 每一个角的半径
* @param topLeftRadius 左上角半径
* @param topRightRadius 右上角半径
* @param bottomLeftRadius 左下角半径
* @param bottomRightRadius 右下角半径
*/
public void setEachCornerRadius(int topLeftRadius,int topRightRadius,int bottomLeftRadius,int bottomRightRadius){
float[] radius = new float[]{
topLeftRadius, topLeftRadius,
topRightRadius, topRightRadius,
bottomLeftRadius, bottomLeftRadius,
bottomRightRadius, bottomRightRadius
};
roundButtonDrawable. setCornerRadii(radius);
}
/**
* 设置渐变
* @param gradientType 渐变类型
* @param orientation 渐变方向
* @param colors 渐变颜色
*/
public void setGradient(int gradientType, GradientDrawable.Orientation orientation, int[] colors){
roundButtonDrawable.setGradientType(gradientType);
roundButtonDrawable.setOrientation(orientation);
roundButtonDrawable.setColors(colors);
}
public static void setBackgroundKeepingPadding(View view, Drawable drawable) {
int[] padding = new int[]{view.getPaddingLeft(), view.getPaddingTop(), view.getPaddingRight(), view.getPaddingBottom()};
view.setBackground(drawable);
view.setPadding(padding[0], padding[1], padding[2], padding[3]);
}
}
image.gif
3、在xml布局文件中直接引用自定义的button
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<com.ztk.demo.uitool.widget.RoundButton
android:id="@+id/bt"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Hello World!"
android:padding="10dp"
app:radius="30dp"
app:bgColor="@color/colorAccent"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="60dp"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<com.ztk.demo.uitool.widget.RoundButton
android:id="@+id/bt2"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text=""
android:padding="10dp"
app:topLeftRadius="10dp"
app:bgColor="@color/colorPrimary"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/bt"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent" />
<com.ztk.demo.uitool.widget.RoundButton
android:id="@+id/bt3"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text=""
android:padding="10dp"
app:radius="30dp"
app:strokeColor="@color/colorAccent"
app:strokeWidth="2dp"
app:bgColor="@color/colorPrimary"
android:textColor="#ffffff"
android:gravity="center_horizontal"
android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/bt2"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
image.gif
也可以通过代码动态设置:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
RoundButton bt = findViewById(R.id.bt);
bt.setRadius(50);
// bt.setStrokeColors(ContextCompat.getColor(this,R.color.colorPrimary));
bt.setBackgroundColor(ContextCompat.getColor(this,R.color.colorPrimary));
// bt.setEachCornerRadius(50,0,0,0);
// bt.setStrokeData(6,ContextCompat.getColor(this,R.color.colorPrimary));
// int[] colors ={ContextCompat.getColor(this,R.color.colorPrimary) , ContextCompat.getColor(this,R.color.colorAccent), ContextCompat.getColor(this,R.color.white)};
// bt.setGradient(GradientDrawable.RECTANGLE,GradientDrawable.Orientation.LEFT_RIGHT,colors);
}
}
image.gif
最后让我们看一下效果图
image
image.gif
这里需要注意的是:因为我们通过把自定义的GradientDrawable来作为button的background来实现,所以,这时再设置button的background会无效。
网友评论