一、断言失败立即终止
用途一：用例的预期结果是其他用例的前提条件时，assert 失败需要立即终止，这是我们设计自动化测试用例时最常见的场景。
用途二：用例中的任何一个步骤执行失败时，立即终止，因为步骤都执行失败了，没有继续执行下一步的必要。方案：思路与用途一类似，这里把每个测试步骤当做都有一个预期结果(True)，封装每一个具体步骤，步骤结果返回布尔值。对该结果进行 assert，False时立即终止。
1 def click(self, step):
2 method_name = sys._getframe().f_code.co_name
3 try:
4 element = self.find_element(**step['element_loc'])
5 if step.has_key('times'):
6 for i in range(step['times']):
7 element.click()
8 else:
9 element.click()
10 return True
11 except:
12 print u'%s失败' % method_name
13 return False
1 for step in self.case_steps:
2 assert self.operate(step), 'error in step: %s' % step
二、断言失败继续执行
主要使用了两个函数 expect, assert_expectations 。
Demo: test_delayed_assert.py
1 from delayed_assert import expect, assert_expectations
2
3 def test_should_pass():
4 expect(1 == 1, 'one is one')
5 assert_expectations()
6
7 def test_should_fail():
8 expect(1 == 2)
9 x = 1
10 y = 2
11 expect(x == y, 'x:%s y:%s' % (x,y))
12 expect(1 == 1)
13 assert_expectations()
Module: delayedAssert.py
1 '''
2 Implements one form of delayed assertions.
3
4 Interface is 2 functions:
5
6 expect(expr, msg=None)
7 : Evaluate 'expr' as a boolean, and keeps track of failures
8
9 assert_expectations()
10 : raises an assert if an expect() calls failed
11
12 Usage Example:
13
14 from expectations import expect, assert_expectations
15
16 def test_should_pass():
17 expect(1 == 1, 'one is one')
18 assert_expectations()
19
20 def test_should_fail():
21 expect(1 == 2, 'one is two')
22 expect(1 == 3, 'one is three')
23 assert_expectations()
24 '''
25
26 # ---------------------------------------------------
27
28 def expect(expr, msg=None):
29 'keeps track of failed expectations'
30 if not expr:
31 _log_failure(msg)
32
33 def assert_expectations():
34 'raise an assert if there are any failed expectations'
35 if _failed_expectations:
36 assert False, _report_failures()
37
38 # ---------------------------------------------------
39
40 import inspect
41 import os.path
42
43 _failed_expectations = []
44
45 def _log_failure(msg=None):
46 (filename, line, funcname, contextlist) = inspect.stack()[2][1:5]
47 filename = os.path.basename(filename)
48 context = contextlist[0]
49 _failed_expectations.append('file "%s", line %s, in %s()%s\n%s' %
50 (filename, line, funcname, (('\n%s' % msg) if msg else ''), context))
51
52 def _report_failures():
53 global _failed_expectations
54 if _failed_expectations:
55 (filename, line, funcname) = inspect.stack()[2][1:4]
56 report = [
57 '\n\nassert_expectations() called from',
58 '"%s" line %s, in %s()\n' % (os.path.basename(filename), line, funcname),
59 'Failed Expectations:%s\n' % len(_failed_expectations)]
60 for i,failure in enumerate(_failed_expectations, start=1):
61 report.append('%d: %s' % (i, failure))
62 _failed_expectations = []
63 return ('\n'.join(report))
64
65 # ---------------------------------------------------
66 # _log_failure() notes
67 #
68 # stack() returns a list of frame records
69 # 0 is the _log_failure() function
70 # 1 is the expect() function
71 # 2 is the function that called expect(), that's what we want
72 #
73 # a frame record is a tuple like this:
74 # (frame, filename, line, funcname, contextlist, index)
75 # we're mainly interested in the middle 4,
76 # ---------------------------------------------------
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