基于大脑机制的亲子教养（翻译三十二）

This preverbal strategy for relating to other people is called an attachment style, of which there are several, and these styles, whether secure or insecure, are rooted in early brain development reflecting the interplay of genes and environment (Siegel, 1999).

这种与他人有关的前言语策略被称为依恋风格。这些风格，无论是安全的还是不安全的，有一些都根植于早期的大脑发育，是基因和环境的相互作用的结果。

Indeed, recent research using brain imaging of adults with different attachment styles shows specific brain “signatures” associated with these styles (Strathearn & Fonagy, 2009; Swain & Lorberbaum, 2008).

事实上，最近对不同依恋类型的成年人大脑成像的研究显示，这些风格与特定大脑“标记”有关。

At the most fundamental level, this is why these early attachment styles tend to be so enduring, often staying consistent from the first year of life into adulthood and affecting the style of parenting we adopt (Van IJzendorn, 1995).

 在最基础层面，这就是为什么这些早期的依恋类型往往是如此的持久，往往是从生命的第一年到成年保持一致，并影响我们所采用的教养方式。

The initial tuning of the social–emotional brain circuitry and stress response systems tends to endure and to keep running the same old programs even when presented with “new” information in response to the old behaviors.

社会情绪大脑回路和应激反应系统形成之后便倾向于稳定，即使是面对对以往行为新的信息，它也依然按照旧的运作方式进行。

Nature has ensured that we will not give up original strategies for survival easily.

大自然已经确保我们不会轻易放弃原有的生存策略。