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day5-运算符和if判断

day5-运算符和if判断

作者: 天行_b6d0 | 来源:发表于2020-07-09 15:16 被阅读0次

    一、赋值运算符

        1、赋值运算

                   如: age = 18

            (1) 增量赋值

                        age += 1    <<<>>>    age = age + 1       # 增量加

                        print(age)

                        age -= 10  <<<>>>    age = age - 10     # 增量减,还有*=,/=,%=,//=

            (2) 交叉赋值

                        x = 111

                        y = 222

                        # temp=x            <=>

                        # x=y                  <=>              x, y = y, x      #  左边三行代码与右边的一行代码意思相同

                        # y=temp            <=>

                        print(x)

                        print(y)

            (3) 链式赋值

                        x=10

                        y=x

                        z=y

                        x = y = z = 10   #这一行代码就表示了上面三行所要表达的意义,言简意赅

                        print(id(x),id(y),id(z))

            (4) 解压赋值

                        salaries = [111, 222, 333, 444, 555]

                        mon0 = salaries[0]

                        mon1 = salaries[1]

                        mon2 = salaries[2]

                        mon3 = salaries[3]

                        mon4 = salaries[4]

                        mon0,mon1,mon2,mon3,mon4=salaries

                        print(mon0)

                        print(mon1)

                        print(mon2)

                        print(mon3)

                        print(mon4)

                    注意1: 变量名与值的个数必须一一对应

                        mon0,mon1,mon2,mon3,mon4,mon5=salaries  # 多一个变量名不行

                        mon0,mon1,mon2,mon3=salaries  # 少一个变量名也不行

                        salaries = [111, 222, 333, 444, 555]

                        mon0,mon1,*_=salaries   #可以用*_将不需要获取的放在一起

                        print(mon0)

                        print(mon1)

                        print(_)

                                                                              

                    #   取末尾的值

                       *_,x,y=salaries

                        print(x,y)

                        print(_)

                                                                              

                    #  取两边的值

                        x,*_,y,z=salaries

                        print(x)

                        print(y)

                        print(z)

                                                                              

                    #  取中间的值

                        _,*midlle,_=salaries

                        print(midlle)

                    # 字典也可以使用解压赋值

                        dic={'k1':111,'k2':222,'k3':3333}

                        x,y,z=dic

                        print(x,y,z)

                        print(dic[x],dic[y],dic[z])

                    # 字符串在使用解压赋值时要一一对应

                        x, y, z,a,b = "hello"

                        print(x)

    二、逻辑运算符

            一 、条件:只要能得到True 或 False两种值的东西都能当做条件

                    例如:

                    1、显式的布尔值 : 表面上看就直接是True或False

                        (1)比较运算的结果

                            print(10 > 3)

                            print(10 == 3)

                        (2)变量值直接就是True或False

                            tag = True

                    2、隐式的布尔值 :表面上看上去是一种值,在底层会被解释器转换成True或False

                            0、None、空对应的布尔值为False,其余值对应的布尔值均为True

                                10                             # True

                                3.1                            # True

                                ""                               # False

                                []                                 # False

                                {"k1":222}                    # True

                                None                          # False

            二:逻辑运算符:用来连接多个条件

                    (1) not 条件:对条件的结果取反

                        print(not 10 > 3)

                        print(not False)

                        print(not 0)

                    (2) 条件1 and 条件2:连接左右两个条件,两个条件必须都为True,最终结果才为True

                        print(True and 10 > 3)

                        print(True and 10 == 3)

                    (3) 条件1 or 条件2:连接左右两个条件,两个条件只要有一个为True,最终结果就为True

                        print(False or 10 == 3)

                        print(True or 10 == 3)

                        ps:偷懒原则=》短路运算:and连接时,左边为False就不需要看右边的了;or连接时,左边为True,就不用看右边的。

                    (4) 优先级:not > and > or,推荐用括号去标识优先级

                                  False    or          True

                    res=(3 > 4 and 4 > 3) or (not (1 == 3 and 'x' == 'x')) or 3 > 3

                    print(res)

                            print(10 and 0)    # False

                            print(10 and False)    # False

                            print(10 or False)    # True

    三、if语句

                    """

                    if判断的完整语法:

                    if 条件1:

                            代码1

                            代码2

                            代码3

                            ...

                    elif 条件2:

                            代码1

                            代码2

                            代码3

                            ...

                    elif 条件3:

                            代码1

                            代码2

                            代码3

                            ...

                        ...

                    else:

                            代码1

                            代码2

                            代码3

                        ...

            运行原理示范:

                print(1111)

                print(2222)

                if True:

                    print('if内的代码1')

                    print('if内的代码2')

                    print('if内的代码3')

                print(3333)

                """

            语法1:

                """

                if 条件1:

                    代码1

                    代码2

                    代码3

                    ...

             语法2:

                """

                if 条件1:

                    代码1

                    代码2

                    代码3

                    ...

                else:

                    代码1

                    代码2

                    代码3

                    ...

                """

                 gender = "female"

                 age = 70

                 is_beautiful = True

                 if gender == "female" and 60 >= age >= 18 and is_beautiful:

                    print('开始表白。。。')

                 else:

                     print('阿姨好,开个玩笑。。。')

                 print('后续代码。。。')

                """

                 语法3:

                """

                if 条件1:

                    代码1

                    代码2

                    代码3

                    ...

                elif:

                    代码1

                    代码2

                    代码3

                    ...

                """

                 如果:成绩 >= 90 那么:优秀

                如果成绩 >= 80 且 < 90, 那么:良好

                 如果成绩 >= 70 且 < 80, 那么:普通

                 其他情况:很差

                 score = input("请输入你的成绩:")  # score = "93"

                 score=int(score)

                 if score >= 90:

                     print("优秀")

                 elif score >= 80:

                    print("良好")

                 elif score >= 70:

                     print("普通")

                 else:

                      print("小垃圾,很差")

                 print('其他代码。。。。')

                 语法4:

                if的嵌套

                gender = "female"

                age = 18

                is_beautiful = True

                is_successful = True

                if gender == "female" and 60 >= age >= 18 and is_beautiful:

                    print('开始表白。。。')

                    if is_beautiful:

                        print('在一起')

                    else:

                        print('再见。。。')

                else:

                    print('阿姨好,开个玩笑。。。')

                print('后续代码。。。')

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