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Android 7.0文件共享

Android 7.0文件共享

作者: 年华_零落成诗 | 来源:发表于2019-05-28 00:27 被阅读0次

1.指定一个FileProvider

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.myapp">
    <application>
        <provider
            android:name="android.support.v4.content.FileProvider"
            //标识,建议用“${applicationId}.fileprovider”命名
            android:authorities="com.example.myapp.fileprovider" 
            android:grantUriPermissions="true"
            android:exported="false">
            <meta-data
                //文件共享目录,位于res/xml/目录下
                android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
                android:resource="@xml/filepaths" />
        </provider>  
    </application>
</manifest>

可以创建一个类继承v4包下的FileProvider:

/**
不用实现任何方法
*/
public class MyFileProvider extends FileProvider{
}

2.指定共享路径

res/xml/目录下创建一个名为filepaths.xml的文件:

<paths> 
//path:要访问的路径
//name:名称,生成uri时使用
<files-path path = “images /” name = “myimages” /> 
</paths>

files-path指的是应用程序内部存储的目录,比如我们要获取该目录下名为default_image.jpg的文件,生成的uri为:

content://com.example.myapp.fileprovider/myimages/default_image.jpg

3.开始使用

调用系统相机拍照:

private Intent requestFileIntent;
File requestFile = new File(filePath);
requestFileIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
requestFileIntent.setType("image/jpg");
//构造uri
Uri fileUri=FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,"com.example.myapp.fileprovider",requestFile);
//授予权限
requestFileIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_GRANT_READ_URI_PERMISSION | Intent.FLAG_GRANT_WRITE_URI_PERMISSION);
//保存位置
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, uri);
startActivityForResult(requestFileIntent, 0);

4.paths说明与目录对应关系:

1. 说明:
  • path:目录名称,不能为空,可以为“.或者/”
  • name:生成uri需要,不能为空

path是指当前目录下的子文件夹,“.“或者”/”时代表根目录,”images“代表该目录下 images文件夹

2.格式:
<paths xmlns:android = “http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android” > 
    <files-path name = “my_images” path = “images /” />  
    <files-path name = “my_docs” path = “docs /” />  
</paths>
3. 对应关系:
命名 目录 说明 路径
<files-path/> Context.getFilesDir() 应用内部存储目录 /data/data/<application package>/files
<cache-path/> getCacheDir() 应用内部缓存目录 /data/data/<application package>/cache
<external-path/> Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() 外部存储目录 /sdcard/
<external-files-path/> Context.getExternalFilesDir(String) 应用外部存储目录 SDCard/Android/data/<application package>/files/
<external-cache-path/> Context.getExternalCacheDir() 应用外部缓存目录 SDCard/Android/data/<application package>/cache/
<external-media-path/> Context.getExternalMediaDirs() 应用外部媒体目录(api>=21)

MIME Type 对照表

格式 mimetype
.3gp video/3gpp
.apk application/vnd.android.package-archive
.asf video/x-ms-asf
.avi video/x-msvideo
.bin application/octet-stream
.bmp image/bmp
.c text/plain
.cla application/octet-stream
.con text/plain
.cpp text/plain
.doc application/msword
.doc application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
.xls application/vnd.ms-excel
.xls application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
.exe application/octet-stream
.gif image/gif
.gta application/x-gtar
.gz application/x-gzip
.h text/plain
.htm text/html
.htm text/html
.jar application/java-archive
.jav text/plain
.jpe image/jpeg
.jpg image/jpeg
.js application/x-javascript
.log text/plain
.m3u audio/x-mpegurl
.m4a audio/mp4a-latm
.m4b audio/mp4a-latm
.m4p audio/mp4a-latm
.m4u video/vnd.mpegurl
.m4v video/x-m4v
.mov video/quicktime
.mp2 audio/x-mpeg
.mp3 audio/x-mpeg
.mp4 video/mp4
.mpc application/vnd.mpohun.certificate
.mpe video/mpeg
.mpe video/mpeg
.mpg video/mpeg
.mpg video/mp4
.mpg audio/mpeg
.msg application/vnd.ms-outlook
.ogg audio/ogg
.pdf application/pdf
.png image/png
.pps application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppt application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
.ppt application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
.pro text/plain
.rc text/plain
.rmv audio/x-pn-realaudio
.rtf application/rtf
.sh text/plain
.tar application/x-tar
.tgz application/x-compressed
.txt text/plain
.wav audio/x-wav
.wma audio/x-ms-wma
.wmv audio/x-ms-wmv
.wps application/vnd.ms-works
.xml text/plain
.z application/x-compress
.zip application/x-zip-compressed
" " */*

参考

  1. https://developer.android.google.cn/training/secure-file-sharing/request-file
  2. https://developer.android.google.cn/training/secure-file-sharing/share-file
  3. https://developer.android.google.cn/reference/androidx/core/content/FileProvider.html

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