前一篇文章已经安装好了Nginx，这一节我们了解为什么能够访问虚拟服务器的80端口就可以访问到Nginx，以及简单学习如何配置Nginx。

一、配置文件nginx.conf

配置文件的位置：nginx安装目录/conf/nginx.conf,我的安装目录为/usr/local/nigix/conf/nginx.conf。
打开配置文件：

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

看到server部分，Nginx监听了localhost的80端口，根目录的地址是html/index.html和html/index.htm，错误重定向的页面是html/50x.html，这就是为什么能够通过地址访问Nginx的原因了。

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
    }

二、配置通过域名访问Nginx

Nginx的配置文件可以配置多个Server，用来访问多个不同的应用，下面我们配置一个域名为mkh.com的站点，通过端口1234进行访问。

1、在nginx.conf文件中加入mkh.com的配置

    server {
        listen       1234;
        server_name  mkh.com;

        location / {
            root   mkh.com;
            index  home.html;
        }

        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   mkh.com;
        }
    }

2、在Nginx的安装目录下创建文件夹mkh.com，并且创建文件home.html和50x.html

$ cd /usr/local/nginx
$ mkdir mkh.com
$ cd mkh.com
$ touch home.html
$ touch 50x.html

home.html和50x.html的内容随便写。

3、重启Nginx

$ /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

4、配置防火墙，开放1234端口,重启防火墙

$ vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

#加入规则
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 1234 -j ACCEPT


$ /etc/init.d/iptables restart

5、修改真实机器的hosts文件，配置mkh.com的映射地址

注意：这一步是在真实机器上操作，不是虚拟机。

由于没有DNS，mkh.com可能会映射到互联网中的其他IP地址，所以我们要修改当前机器的hosts文件，让它映射到我们指定的IP地址。

$ sudo vim /etc/hosts

#加入下面这一行
192.168.3.180 mkh.com


$ sudo service networking restart

6、打开浏览器访问 mkh.com:1234

1.png

配置成功。