flink 解决乱序事件流Watermark

• Watermark 对乱序到达的事件流，进行了一个最大时间的等待（小于等于Watermark 的，都认为是到达了），Flink 中的事件时间处理依赖于一种特殊的带时间戳的元素，成为 watermark，它们会由数据源或是 watermark 生成器插入数据流中。具有时间戳 t 的 watermark 可以被理解为断言了所有时间戳小于或等于 t 的事件都（在某种合理的概率上）已经到达了。
• 对于迟到的数据可以进行旁路输出
• 前提需要抽取timestamp和生成watermark

完整代码

       //定义socket的端口号
        int port = 9900;
        //获取运行环境
        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

        //设置使用eventtime，默认是使用processtime
        env.setStreamTimeCharacteristic(TimeCharacteristic.EventTime);

        //设置并行度为1,默认并行度是当前机器的cpu数量
        env.setParallelism(1);

        //连接socket获取输入的数据
        DataStream<String> text = env.socketTextStream("****", port, "\n");

        //解析输入的数据
        DataStream<Tuple2<String, Long>> inputMap = text.map(new MapFunction<String, Tuple2<String, Long>>() {
            @Override
            public Tuple2<String, Long> map(String value) throws Exception {
                String[] arr = value.split(",");
                return new Tuple2<>(arr[0], Long.parseLong(arr[1]));
            }
        });

        //抽取timestamp和生成watermark
        DataStream<Tuple2<String, Long>> waterMarkStream = inputMap.assignTimestampsAndWatermarks(new AssignerWithPeriodicWatermarks<Tuple2<String, Long>>() {

            Long currentMaxTimestamp = 0L;
            final Long maxOutOfOrderness = 10000L;// 最大允许的乱序时间是10s

            SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");
            /**
             * 定义生成watermark的逻辑
             * 默认100ms被调用一次
             */
            @Nullable
            @Override
            public Watermark getCurrentWatermark() {
                return new Watermark(currentMaxTimestamp - maxOutOfOrderness);
            }

            //定义如何提取timestamp
            @Override
            public long extractTimestamp(Tuple2<String, Long> element, long previousElementTimestamp) {
                long timestamp = element.f1;
                currentMaxTimestamp = Math.max(timestamp, currentMaxTimestamp);
                System.out.println("key:"+element.f0+",eventtime:["+element.f1+"|"+sdf.format(element.f1)+"],currentMaxTimestamp:["+currentMaxTimestamp+"|"+
                        sdf.format(currentMaxTimestamp)+"],watermark:["+getCurrentWatermark().getTimestamp()+"|"+sdf.format(getCurrentWatermark().getTimestamp())+"]");
                return timestamp;
            }
        });

        //保存被丢弃的数据
        OutputTag<Tuple2<String, Long>> outputTag = new OutputTag<Tuple2<String, Long>>("late-data"){};
        //注意，由于getSideOutput方法是SingleOutputStreamOperator子类中的特有方法，所以这里的类型，不能使用它的父类dataStream。
        SingleOutputStreamOperator<String> window = waterMarkStream.keyBy(0)
                .window(TumblingEventTimeWindows.of(Time.seconds(3)))//按照消息的EventTime分配窗口，和调用TimeWindow效果一样
                .allowedLateness(Time.seconds(2))//允许数·据迟到2秒
                .sideOutputLateData(outputTag)
                .apply(new WindowFunction<Tuple2<String, Long>, String, Tuple, TimeWindow>() {
                    /**
                     * 对window内的数据进行排序，保证数据的顺序
                     * @param tuple
                     * @param window
                     * @param input
                     * @param out
                     * @throws Exception
                     */
                    @Override
                    public void apply(Tuple tuple, TimeWindow window, Iterable<Tuple2<String, Long>> input, Collector<String> out) throws Exception {
                        String key = tuple.toString();
                        List<Long> arrarList = new ArrayList<Long>();
                        Iterator<Tuple2<String, Long>> it = input.iterator();
                        while (it.hasNext()) {
                            Tuple2<String, Long> next = it.next();
                            arrarList.add(next.f1);
                        }
                        Collections.sort(arrarList);
                        SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS");
                        String result = key + "," + arrarList.size() + "," + sdf.format(arrarList.get(0)) + "," + sdf.format(arrarList.get(arrarList.size() - 1))
                                + "," + sdf.format(window.getStart()) + "," + sdf.format(window.getEnd());
                        out.collect(result);
                    }
                });
        //把迟到的数据暂时打印到控制台，实际中可以保存到其他存储介质中
        DataStream<Tuple2<String, Long>> sideOutput = window.getSideOutput(outputTag);
        //sideOutput.addSink()  //可以addSinks
        sideOutput.writeAsText("D:\\Users\\xdata\\flink-learn\\data\\sideOutPut");
        sideOutput.print();
        //测试-把结果打印到控制台即可
        window.print();

        //注意：因为flink是懒加载的，所以必须调用execute方法，上面的代码才会执行
        env.execute("eventtime-watermark");