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151. Reverse Words in a String 翻

151. Reverse Words in a String 翻

作者: xingzai | 来源:发表于2019-07-04 21:14 被阅读0次

    题目链接
    tag:

    • Medium;

    question:
      Given an input string, reverse the string word by word.

    Example 1:

    Input: "the sky is blue"
    Output: "blue is sky the"

    Example 2:

    Input: " hello world! "
    Output: "world! hello"
    Explanation: Your reversed string should not contain leading or trailing spaces.

    Example 3:

    Input: "a good example"
    Output: "example good a"
    Explanation: You need to reduce multiple spaces between two words to a single space in the reversed string.

    Note:

    • A word is defined as a sequence of non-space characters.
    • Input string may contain leading or trailing spaces. However, your reversed string should not contain leading or trailing spaces.
    • You need to reduce multiple spaces between two words to a single space in the reversed string.

    Follow up: For C programmers, try to solve it in-place in O(1) extra space.

    思路:
      本题让我们翻转字符串中的单词,题目中给了特别说明,如果单词之间遇到多个空格,只能返回一个,而且首尾不能有单词,并且对C语言程序员要求空间复杂度为O(1),所以我们只能对原字符串s之间做修改。那么我们如何翻转字符串中的单词呢,我们的做法是,先整个字符串整体翻转一次,然后再分别翻转每一个单词(或者先分别翻转每一个单词,然后再整个字符串整体翻转一次),此时就能得到我们需要的结果了。那么这里我们需要定义一些变量来辅助我们解题,storeIndex表示当前存储到的位置,n为字符串的长度。我们先给整个字符串反转一下,然后我们开始循环,遇到空格直接跳过,如果是非空格字符,我们此时看storeIndex是否为0,为0的话表示第一个单词,不用增加空格;如果不为0,说明不是第一个单词,需要在单词中间加一个空格,然后我们要找到下一个单词的结束位置我们用一个while循环来找下一个为空格的位置,在此过程中继续覆盖原字符串,找到结束位置了,下面就来翻转这个单词,然后更新i为结尾位置,最后遍历结束,我们剪裁原字符串到storeIndex位置,就可以得到我们需要的结果,代码如下:

    class Solution {
    public:
        string reverseWords(string s) {
            int storeIndex = 0, n = s.size();
            reverse(s.begin(), s.end());
            for (int i=0; i<n; ++i) {
                if (s[i] != ' ') {
                    if (storeIndex != 0) 
                        s[storeIndex++] = ' ';
                    int j = i;
                    while (j < n && s[j] != ' ') 
                        s[storeIndex++] = s[j++];
                    reverse(s.begin() + storeIndex - (j - i), s.begin() + storeIndex);
                    i = j;
                }
            }
            s.resize(storeIndex);
            return s;
        }
    };
    

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