Linux节点环境搭建

Linux节点环境搭建目录.png

环境搭建: jdk1.8，git，maven，tomcat8
工具安装路径：

java : /usr/local/jdk1.8
maven : /usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.2
git : /usr/local/git
tomcat: /usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46

1，开启ssh

[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# netstat -anp|grep :22
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*            
tcp        0     36 172.16.0.6:22           211.161.248.60:22447 
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# service sshd start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start sshd.service

2，关闭防火墙(内网环境相对安全)

安装iptables
如果你要改用iptables的话，需要安装iptables服务：

#安装
sudo yum install iptables-services 
#开启iptables
sudo systemctl enable iptables 
sudo systemctl enable ip6tables 
#启动服务
sudo systemctl start iptables 
sudo systemctl start ip6tables

关闭防火墙

[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# service iptables stop
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl stop iptables.service
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# service iptables status
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status iptables.service
● iptables.service - IPv4 firewall with iptables
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/iptables.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead) since Thu 2019-09-26 21:28:33 CST; 6s ago
  Process: 9537 ExecStop=/usr/libexec/iptables/iptables.init stop (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 9354 ExecStart=/usr/libexec/iptables/iptables.init start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 9354 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Sep 26 21:27:28 VM_0_6_centos systemd[1]: Starting IPv4 firewall with iptables...
Sep 26 21:27:28 VM_0_6_centos iptables.init[9354]: iptables: Applying firewall rules: [  OK  ]
Sep 26 21:27:28 VM_0_6_centos systemd[1]: Started IPv4 firewall with iptables.
Sep 26 21:28:33 VM_0_6_centos systemd[1]: Stopping IPv4 firewall with iptables...
Sep 26 21:28:33 VM_0_6_centos iptables.init[9537]: iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filte...  ]
Sep 26 21:28:33 VM_0_6_centos iptables.init[9537]: iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [  OK  ]
Sep 26 21:28:33 VM_0_6_centos systemd[1]: Stopped IPv4 firewall with iptables.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# 

Stopped IPv4 firewall with iptables 说明防火墙已关闭

2，安装 jdk

2.1 方式一：普通安装方式：(下载慢)

yum install java
java -version

2.2 方式二：安装指定版本：java1.8（下载慢）

• 在线下载jdk (下载比较慢)

wget --no-check-certificate --no-cookies --header "Cookie: oraclelicense=accept-securebackup-cookie" http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u131-b11/d54c1d3a095b4ff2b6607d096fa80163/jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm

• 赋权限

chmod +x jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm

• 进行安装

rpm -ivh jdk-8u131-linux-x64.rpm

• 查看是否安装成功

java -version

默认安装路径为 /usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131

• 编辑环境变量

vim /etc/profile

环境变量为

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_131
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH 
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar 

• 使得配置立即生效

source /etc/profile

• 查看是否安装成功

javac
java -version
echo $PATH

2.3 方式三：下载jdk1.8上传linux服务器(安装快-推荐)

下载：jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz
放到 /usr/local ，解压

tar -zxvf jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz

改名 jdk1.8

mv jdk1.8.0_221 jdk1.8

[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# ls
bin  etc  games  include  jdk1.8  lib  lib64  libexec  qcloud  sbin  share  src  yd.socket.server

配置jdk1.8环境变量

[root@VM_0_6_centos jdk1.8]# pwd
/usr/local/jdk1.8
[root@VM_0_6_centos jdk1.8]# vi /etc/profile

环境变量为：

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH 
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar 

退出文件，保存
按Esc键 输入:wq 保存并退出
让配置文件生效：

[root@VM_0_6_centos jdk1.8]# source /etc/profile

查看是否配置成功：

[root@VM_0_6_centos jdk1.8]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_221"

若出现jdk版本号，则安装并配置环境变量成功
如果提示命令找不到的话，查看一下jdk的配置路径是否错误。

删除安装包(可选)：rm -rf jdk-8u221-linux-x64.tar.gz

3、安装 git

方式一：git安装（旧版本）

[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# yum install git
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# git --version
git version 1.8.3.1

方式二：gti安装(最新版本—推荐)

1、获取github最新的Git安装包下载链接，下载新版本 git-2.9.5.tar.gz 上传到linux；
2、压缩包解压:

sudo tar -zxvf git-2.9.5.tar.gz

3、进入解压后的文件夹：

cd git-2.9.5

4、执行编译：耐心等待编译即可

make prefix=/usr/local/git all

5、安装Git至/usr/local/git路径，命令为

make prefix=/usr/local/git install

6、打开环境变量配置文件，命令 ，在底部加上Git相关配置信息：

vim /etc/profile

PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/git/bin
export PATH

然后wq保存，退出！
让配置文件生效：

source /etc/profile

7、输入命令 git --version ，查看安装的git版本，校验通过，安装成功。
8、删除安装包(可选)：rm -rf git-2.9.5.tar.gz
9、查看git安装路径：
Linux-如果不清楚自己的Git安装在哪个路径下，终端执行

whereis git

配置：/usr/local/git/bin/git

生成ssh密钥及配置git

ssh公钥可以配置gitlab、github等，
ssh私钥可配置jenkins凭证等。
用户和邮箱不要求真实

[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# git config --global user.name "zhengja"
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# git config --global user.email "zhengja@dist.com"
[root@VM_0_6_centos ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "zhengja@dist.com"
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:EqKVJUBpxVYpswJifGiXyplLTUcBYFNaMxaODZQPUmc zhengja@dist.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|oOO&E++.         |
|=B%BB=.          |
|*=@+=+.          |
| *.=.. .         |
|. o.  . S        |
| .     .         |
|                 |
|                 |
|                 |
+----[SHA256]-----+

拿到公钥配置gitlab： （也可以配置github等）

[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# cd /root/.ssh/
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# ls
authorized_keys  id_rsa  id_rsa.pub  known_hosts
[root@VM_0_6_centos .ssh]# vim id_rsa.pub 

ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDcArp9fBpi7CWJ50dQQTHbLfRkMyhVuox7bFEeYu3kaFYO3ECInfiBEK8PdYAKPjGWRirYQGCBQlsSzGd4F3sVTQH4ePk0bk/iAwnZsgOBgMgyZW6c00u+afJ/h8PNRK2xr60kB3n4no4UDov4hsuGdCKhavrHRzs3s6H+b7WKxILdSwZ7BpduGZGCOug8JtcnwF1mmMKi0YH0KrIxnrOR9GHT+wHAyJ5WjYU4Xzr+ZIGN6MfrM7X99y/uyMsrv8nzliMxWpFxduYAkKkfrqf46Y18oZfn5VdXhfnvyd+FqWTPdtJF2EZtKdhwGnouuyTdESQP3PPacFM1ZeW58R/T zhengja@dist.com

gitlab 配置公钥.png 测试： gitlab 配置公钥测试.png

测试：git命令克隆sshUrl到本地

git clone sshURL

4、安装 maven

下载 apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip ，上传到linux系统并解压

[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# ls
apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip  etc    include  lib    libexec  sbin   src
bin                         games  jdk1.8   lib64  qcloud   share  yd.socket.server
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# unzip apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip 
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# ls
apache-maven-3.6.2          bin  games    jdk1.8  lib64    qcloud  share  yd.socket.server
apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip  etc  include  lib     libexec  sbin    src

配置maven环境变量：

[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-maven-3.6.2]# pwd
/usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.2
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-maven-3.6.2]# vim /etc/profile

末尾添加（路径要正确）

export MAVEN_HOME=/usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.2
export PATH=$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH

重新加载配置-->测试maven是否配置成功

[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-maven-3.6.2]# . /etc/profile
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-maven-3.6.2]# mvn -version
Apache Maven 3.6.2 (40f52333136460af0dc0d7232c0dc0bcf0d9e117; 2019-08-27T23:06:16+08:00)
Maven home: /usr/local/apache-maven-3.6.2
Java version: 1.8.0_221, vendor: Oracle Corporation, runtime: /usr/local/jdk1.8/jre

删除安装包(可选):rm -rf apache-maven-3.6.2-bin.zip

5、安装 tomcat

下载 tomcat8 ,上传到linux，并解压

[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# unzip apache-tomcat-8.5.46.zip 
[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# ls
apache-maven-3.6.2        bin    include  lib64    sbin   yd.socket.server
apache-tomcat-8.5.46      etc    jdk1.8   libexec  share
apache-tomcat-8.5.46.zip  games  lib      qcloud   src

配置tomcat
给tomcat下的所有文件授给任何人都可执行的权限

[root@VM_0_6_centos local]# cd apache-tomcat-8.5.46/
[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-tomcat-8.5.46]# chmod a+x -R *

修改tomcat端口为8090

[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-tomcat-8.5.46]# vim conf/server.xml

<Connector port="8090" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443" />

启动tomcat：

[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-tomcat-8.5.46]# bin/startup.sh

查看tomcat是否启动成功：

[root@VM_0_6_centos apache-tomcat-8.5.46]# ps -ef|grep tomcat

root 22857 1 29 19:12 pts/0 00:00:02 /usr/local/jdk1.8/bin/java -Dcatalina.base=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46 -Dcatalina.home=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/usr/local/apache-tomcat-8.5.46/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root 27474 19080 0 10:10 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto tomcat

启动成功标识！

关闭tomcat：
首先，进入Tomcat下的bin目录

cd /usr/local/tomcat/bin
使用./shutdown.sh或者是sh shutdown.sh关闭Tomcat

想直接直接杀死Tomcat进程（进程号： 22857），使用kill命令
kill -9 22857

到此节点环境搭建完毕!