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ActiveMQ CPP是一个提供消息库，即API。通过使用其提供的接口，我们可以使用多种协议来与消息中间件进行通信。下面我将我在Linux下的安装经验分享给大家。首先，我给大家一个忠告：本教程仅供参考，安装时注意版本，不要直接照搬本教程或者其他教程！

在编译安装软件之前，一定要认真阅读软件包中的README文件！

我可是有惨痛经历的，在参考网上教程安装之前一定要首先确认你所安装的版本和上面是否一致，如果一致的话，那当然很好。如果不一致，那就需要注意了；另外，就算版本一致，也需要适当地留心，你需要注意每一步产生的输出结果是否和教程中一致，或者明白每一步输出结果到底再说什么。

我这里的教程针对ActiveMQ-CPP 3.9.4，其他版本可以参考。

你必须要明白ActiveMQ CPP Library是需要编译安装的，无论是Linux还是windows，所以安装过程是非常耗时间的。如果你不想反复经历这个痛苦的过程，那么就耐心点儿、细心点儿。

安装依赖

为了在Linux或者其他类Unix系统上编译安装ActiveMQ-CPP，我们需要安装必要的依赖。

Tool	Recommended Version
autoconf	>= 2.61
automake	>= 1.10
libtool	>= 1.5.24
APR	>= 1.3*
CPPUnit	>= 1.10.2* (推荐1.12.1)
OpenSSL	>= 0.9.8m* (推荐1.0.0或更高版本，这是一个可选依赖)

*表示其相应的开发包也需要安装

对于autoconf、automake、libtool我们可以直接安装，比如在ubuntu下，可以运行下面的命令：

sudo apt-get install autoconf
sudo apt-get install automake
sudo apt-get install libtool

如果你用的是其他的Linux的发行版本，可以采用其他的安装方式。

安装Cppunit

这个包中包含了一套完整的C++测试。为了编译和运行测试，你需要下载和安装CPPUnit套件。 具体可以参考：http://cppunit.sourceforge.net/cppunit-wiki

在Fedora(一种Linux发行版本)上，可以运行下面的命令安装：

sudo yum install cppunit cppunit-devel

在Debian/ubuntu(Linux发行版本)上，可以运行下面的命令安装：

sudo apt-get install libcppunit-dev

安装APR

编译安装ActiveMQ-CPP需要APR库。这个库可以从http://apr.apache.org/得到。下载之后，请参考其中的安装文档，即README文件。这个库其实也需要编译安装的，这里给出参考的安装方法。

• 进入到解压好的安装包中
• 运行配置脚本

./configure

• 编译

make

• 编译结果检查

make test

• 安装

make install

安装完之后，你可以看到结果中提示安装的路径，这个路径你需要记下来，因为后面我们会需要。如果你按照我上面的步骤的话，那么它会被安装在默认路径下：

/usr/local/

安装OpenSSL

这个软件是可以选择安装的，如果你编程时需要用到SSL传输的话，你就需要安装这个软件了。官方推荐使用1.0.0或者更高版本的OpenSSL。具体安装方法请参考OpenSSL的文档。如果你不需要它的话，建议不要安装，因为笔者曾今不小心安装了，结果后面就出现了问题。

编译安装ActiveMQ-CPP

在进行这一步之前，请确保前面的依赖全部安装正确。

NOTE:对于ubuntu，建议安装Build Essentials包：

sudo apt-get install build-essential

• 进入到解压好的安装包中

• 运行配置脚本

./configure

如果前面你不需要OpenSSL，你需要在该命令后添加--disable-ssl选项。

• 当这个脚本运行成功之后，下面就可以编译了：

make

• 编译好之后就可以安装了：

make install

单元测试

依次运行下面的命令(不用切换路径)，我们可以进行单元测试：

make check
./src/test/activemq-test

集成测试

运行下面命令即可完成集成测试：

./sr/test-integration/activemq-test-integration

编程测试

下面我们进行简单的测试，我使用Qt Creator进行程序开发。下面是示例代码：

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

// START SNIPPET: demo

#include <activemq/library/ActiveMQCPP.h>
#include <decaf/lang/Thread.h>
#include <decaf/lang/Runnable.h>
#include <decaf/util/concurrent/CountDownLatch.h>
#include <decaf/lang/Integer.h>
#include <decaf/lang/Long.h>
#include <decaf/lang/System.h>
#include <activemq/core/ActiveMQConnectionFactory.h>
#include <activemq/util/Config.h>
#include <cms/Connection.h>
#include <cms/Session.h>
#include <cms/TextMessage.h>
#include <cms/BytesMessage.h>
#include <cms/MapMessage.h>
#include <cms/ExceptionListener.h>
#include <cms/MessageListener.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <memory>

using namespace activemq::core;
using namespace decaf::util::concurrent;
using namespace decaf::util;
using namespace decaf::lang;
using namespace cms;
using namespace std;

class HelloWorldProducer : public Runnable {
private:

    Connection* connection;
    Session* session;
    Destination* destination;
    MessageProducer* producer;
    int numMessages;
    bool useTopic;
    bool sessionTransacted;
    std::string brokerURI;

private:

    HelloWorldProducer(const HelloWorldProducer&);
    HelloWorldProducer& operator=(const HelloWorldProducer&);

public:

    HelloWorldProducer(const std::string& brokerURI, int numMessages, bool useTopic = false, bool sessionTransacted = false) :
        connection(NULL),
        session(NULL),
        destination(NULL),
        producer(NULL),
        numMessages(numMessages),
        useTopic(useTopic),
        sessionTransacted(sessionTransacted),
        brokerURI(brokerURI) {
    }

    virtual ~HelloWorldProducer(){
        cleanup();
    }

    void close() {
        this->cleanup();
    }

    virtual void run() {

        try {

            // Create a ConnectionFactory
            auto_ptr<ConnectionFactory> connectionFactory(
                ConnectionFactory::createCMSConnectionFactory(brokerURI));

            // Create a Connection
            connection = connectionFactory->createConnection();
            connection->start();

            // Create a Session
            if (this->sessionTransacted) {
                session = connection->createSession(Session::SESSION_TRANSACTED);
            } else {
                session = connection->createSession(Session::AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
            }

            // Create the destination (Topic or Queue)
            destination = session->createQueue("TEST.FOO");

            // Create a MessageProducer from the Session to the Topic or Queue
            producer = session->createProducer(destination);
            producer->setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode::NON_PERSISTENT);

            // Create the Thread Id String
            string threadIdStr = Long::toString(Thread::currentThread()->getId());

            // Create a messages
            string text = (string) "Hello world! from thread " + threadIdStr;

            for (int ix = 0; ix < numMessages; ++ix) {
                std::auto_ptr<TextMessage> message(session->createTextMessage(text));
                message->setIntProperty("Integer", ix);
                printf("Sent message #%d from thread %s\n", ix + 1, threadIdStr.c_str());
                producer->send(message.get());
            }

        } catch (CMSException& e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

private:

    void cleanup() {

        if (connection != NULL) {
            try {
                connection->close();
            } catch (cms::CMSException& ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        // Destroy resources.
        try {
            delete destination;
            destination = NULL;
            delete producer;
            producer = NULL;
            delete session;
            session = NULL;
            delete connection;
            connection = NULL;
        } catch (CMSException& e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
};

class HelloWorldConsumer : public ExceptionListener,
                           public MessageListener,
                           public Runnable {

private:

    CountDownLatch latch;
    CountDownLatch doneLatch;
    Connection* connection;
    Session* session;
    Destination* destination;
    MessageConsumer* consumer;
    long waitMillis;
    bool useTopic;
    bool sessionTransacted;
    std::string brokerURI;

private:

    HelloWorldConsumer(const HelloWorldConsumer&);
    HelloWorldConsumer& operator=(const HelloWorldConsumer&);

public:

    HelloWorldConsumer(const std::string& brokerURI, int numMessages, bool useTopic = false, bool sessionTransacted = false, int waitMillis = 30000) :
        latch(1),
        doneLatch(numMessages),
        connection(NULL),
        session(NULL),
        destination(NULL),
        consumer(NULL),
        waitMillis(waitMillis),
        useTopic(useTopic),
        sessionTransacted(sessionTransacted),
        brokerURI(brokerURI) {
    }

    virtual ~HelloWorldConsumer() {
        cleanup();
    }

    void close() {
        this->cleanup();
    }

    void waitUntilReady() {
        latch.await();
    }

    virtual void run() {

        try {

            // Create a ConnectionFactory
            auto_ptr<ConnectionFactory> connectionFactory(
                ConnectionFactory::createCMSConnectionFactory(brokerURI));

            // Create a Connection
            connection = connectionFactory->createConnection();
            connection->start();
            connection->setExceptionListener(this);

            // Create a Session
            if (this->sessionTransacted == true) {
                session = connection->createSession(Session::SESSION_TRANSACTED);
            } else {
                session = connection->createSession(Session::AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
            }

            // Create the destination (Topic or Queue)

            destination = session->createQueue("TEST.FOO");


            // Create a MessageConsumer from the Session to the Topic or Queue
            consumer = session->createConsumer(destination);

            consumer->setMessageListener(this);

            std::cout.flush();
            std::cerr.flush();

            // Indicate we are ready for messages.
            latch.countDown();

            // Wait while asynchronous messages come in.
            doneLatch.await(waitMillis);

        } catch (CMSException& e) {
            // Indicate we are ready for messages.
            latch.countDown();
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // Called from the consumer since this class is a registered MessageListener.
    virtual void onMessage(const Message* message) {

        static int count = 0;

        try {
            count++;
            const TextMessage* textMessage = dynamic_cast<const TextMessage*> (message);
            string text = "";

            if (textMessage != NULL) {
                text = textMessage->getText();
            } else {
                text = "NOT A TEXTMESSAGE!";
            }

            printf("Message #%d Received: %s\n", count, text.c_str());

        } catch (CMSException& e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        // Commit all messages.
        if (this->sessionTransacted) {
            session->commit();
        }

        // No matter what, tag the count down latch until done.
        doneLatch.countDown();
    }

    // If something bad happens you see it here as this class is also been
    // registered as an ExceptionListener with the connection.
    virtual void onException(const CMSException& ex AMQCPP_UNUSED) {
        printf("CMS Exception occurred.  Shutting down client.\n");
        ex.printStackTrace();
        exit(1);
    }

private:

    void cleanup() {
        if (connection != NULL) {
            try {
                connection->close();
            } catch (cms::CMSException& ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        // Destroy resources.
        try {
            delete destination;
            destination = NULL;
            delete consumer;
            consumer = NULL;
            delete session;
            session = NULL;
            delete connection;
            connection = NULL;
        } catch (CMSException& e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
};

int main(int argc AMQCPP_UNUSED, char* argv[] AMQCPP_UNUSED) {

    activemq::library::ActiveMQCPP::initializeLibrary();
    {
    std::cout << "=====================================================\n";
    std::cout << "Starting the example:" << std::endl;
    std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------\n";


    // Set the URI to point to the IP Address of your broker.
    // add any optional params to the url to enable things like
    // tightMarshalling or tcp logging etc.  See the CMS web site for
    // a full list of configuration options.
    //
    //  http://activemq.apache.org/cms/
    //
    // Wire Format Options:
    // =========================
    // Use either stomp or openwire, the default ports are different for each
    //
    // Examples:
    //    tcp://127.0.0.1:61616                      default to openwire
    //    tcp://127.0.0.1:61613?wireFormat=stomp     use stomp instead
    //
    // SSL:
    // =========================
    // To use SSL you need to specify the location of the trusted Root CA or the
    // certificate for the broker you want to connect to.  Using the Root CA allows
    // you to use failover with multiple servers all using certificates signed by
    // the trusted root.  If using client authentication you also need to specify
    // the location of the client Certificate.
    //
    //     System::setProperty( "decaf.net.ssl.keyStore", "<path>/client.pem" );
    //     System::setProperty( "decaf.net.ssl.keyStorePassword", "password" );
    //     System::setProperty( "decaf.net.ssl.trustStore", "<path>/rootCA.pem" );
    //
    // The you just specify the ssl transport in the URI, for example:
    //
    //     ssl://localhost:61617
    //
    std::string brokerURI =
        "failover:(tcp://localhost:61616)";

    //============================================================
    // set to true to use topics instead of queues
    // Note in the code above that this causes createTopic or
    // createQueue to be used in both consumer an producer.
    //============================================================
    bool useTopics = true;
    bool sessionTransacted = false;
    int numMessages = 2000;

    long long startTime = System::currentTimeMillis();

    HelloWorldProducer producer(brokerURI, numMessages, useTopics);
        HelloWorldConsumer consumer(brokerURI, numMessages, useTopics, sessionTransacted);

    // Start the consumer thread.
    Thread consumerThread(&consumer);
    consumerThread.start();

    // Wait for the consumer to indicate that its ready to go.
    consumer.waitUntilReady();

    // Start the producer thread.
    Thread producerThread(&producer);
    producerThread.start();

    // Wait for the threads to complete.
    producerThread.join();
    consumerThread.join();

    long long endTime = System::currentTimeMillis();
    double totalTime = (double)(endTime - startTime) / 1000.0;

    consumer.close();
    producer.close();

    std::cout << "Time to completion = " << totalTime << " seconds." << std::endl;
    std::cout << "-----------------------------------------------------\n";
    std::cout << "Finished with the example." << std::endl;
    std::cout << "=====================================================\n";

    }
    activemq::library::ActiveMQCPP::shutdownLibrary();
}

// END SNIPPET: demo

另外，qt的工程文件（.pro）中，我们需要添加相应的头文件路径和库文件路径，注意下面是笔者的安装相应文件的路径，仅供参考，，具体视情况而定：

# activemq-cpp-3.9.4的头文件路径和库文件路径
INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/include/activemq-cpp-3.9.4/
INCLUDEPATH += /usr/apr/include/apr-1
# apr的头文件路径和库文件路径
LIBS += /usr/local/lib/libactivemq-cpp.a
LIBS += /usr/apr/lib/libapr-1.a

下面编译该程序，如果所有都安装正确并且配置正确的话，应该不会得到任何编译错误。

如果编译成功的话，那么祝贺你！Enjoy！

参考资料

• activemq-cpp-library-3.9.4 README文件
• apr1.5.2 README文件

注：本文迁移自我的CSDN博客：https://blog.csdn.net/github_30605157/article/details/60468727