Tinker 是微信开源的一个Android热补丁解决方案。
命令行接入
1、引入依赖
dependencies {
//可选，用于生成application类
provided('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:1.7.7')
//tinker的核心库
compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-lib:1.7.7')
}
2、Tinker初始化
有两种方式，一种是继承TinkerApplication，DefaultApplicationLike然后手动写出注解的代码；另一种是微信推荐的注解方式。
注解方式的代码:
@DefaultLifeCycle(application = ".SampleApplication",
flags = ShareConstants.TINKER_ENABLE_ALL,
loadVerifyFlag = false)
public class SampleApplicationLike extends ApplicationLike {
public SampleApplicationLike(Application application, int tinkerFlags, boolean tinkerLoadVerifyFlag, long applicationStartElapsedTime, long applicationStartMillisTime, Intent tinkerResultIntent) {
super(application, tinkerFlags, tinkerLoadVerifyFlag, applicationStartElapsedTime, applicationStartMillisTime, tinkerResultIntent);
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
TinkerInstaller.install(this);
}
}
同时在AndroidManifest.xml中
<application
···
android:name=".SampleApplication">
···
</application>
3、然后就是loadPatch的代码，具体load时机自己选择
//这里只是作为测试，需手动将补丁包放入sd卡中
TinkerInstaller.onReceiveUpgradePatch(getApplicationContext(), Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/patch_signed_7zip.apk");
注意权限不能忘写
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
4、在AndroidManifest.xml中指定TINKER_ID，具体设置为什么在官方文档里有介绍，可以是git版本号或者versionName
<application>
···
<meta-data
android:name="TINKER_ID"
android:value="tinker_id_1.0.0" />
</application>
现在就可以打包发送到手机了，为了方便测试，使用微信的测试签名文件
signingConfigs {
release {
try {
storeFile file("release.keystore")
storePassword "testres"
keyAlias "testres"
keyPassword "testres"
} catch (ex) {
throw new InvalidUserDataException(ex.toString())
}
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled true
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
debug {
debuggable true
minifyEnabled true
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
同时找到tinker_proguard.pro文件，将混淆规则copy到自己的项目里，讲里面的*.SampleApplication更改成自己的
将打好的包安装到手机之后，需要保留安装包，混淆用到的mapping.txt文件一并保留，在第二次打修复包的时候，可在proguard-rules.pro中添加
-applymapping mapping.txt
切记只在第二次打包的时候添加上，第一次打包时因为还没有，会报错
接着就可以模拟修复代码，并打包，将新打的包取名 new.apk，同第一次打好的old.apk放在同一目录。此时还需要用到微信提供的patch生成工具 tinker-patch-cli，并将 tool_output 中的文件一并copy到保存apk的目录下，如图
Paste_Image.png
修改
tinker_config.xml中部分配置原
···
<loader value="tinker.sample.android.SampleApplication"/>
···
<path value="tool_output/release.keystore"/>
···
改成
···
<loader value="自己的包名.SampleApplication"/>
···
<path value="release.keystore"/>
···
然后执行生成patch命令
java -jar tinker-patch-cli-1.7.7.jar -old old.apk -new new.apk -config tinker_config.xml -out output
生成后的文件格式如下
Paste_Image.png
接着将
patch_signed.apk，push到sd卡上来进行模拟修复，push命令
adb push /output/patch_signed_7zip.apk /storage/sdcard0/
这里我将patch_signed.apk的名字改成了patch_signed_7zip.apk，因为我在最开始的load patch 代码里的名字就是patch_signed_7zip.apk
最后就去看效果吧（效果图暂缺 囧）
gradle接入
这是微信推荐的接入方式，比较省事，在官方文档里有比较详细的介绍，可以参考官方的示例tinker-sample-android
步骤1 、2、3同命令行接入差不多，混淆规则也一样
只是在根项目下的build.gradle中添加
buildscript {
dependencies {
classpath ('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-patch-gradle-plugin:1.7.7')
}
}
这种方式不需要在AndroidManifest.xml指定TINKER_ID了，直接在项目的build.gradle设置即可，这里直接将示例中的copy进来，稍微改吧改吧就好了
如下
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 25
buildToolsVersion "25.0.0"
//recommend
dexOptions {
jumboMode = true
}
defaultConfig {
applicationId "自己的包名"
minSdkVersion 14
targetSdkVersion 25
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
/**
* buildConfig can change during patch!
* we can use the newly value when patch
*/
buildConfigField "String", "MESSAGE", "\"I am the base apk\""
// buildConfigField "String", "MESSAGE", "\"I am the patch apk\""
/**
* client version would update with patch
* so we can get the newly git version easily!
* TINKER_ID 在这里设置了
*/
buildConfigField "String", "TINKER_ID", "\"${getTinkerIdValue()}\""
buildConfigField "String", "PLATFORM", "\"all\""
}
signingConfigs {
release {
try {
storeFile file("release.keystore")
storePassword "testres"
keyAlias "testres"
keyPassword "testres"
} catch (ex) {
throw new InvalidUserDataException(ex.toString())
}
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled true
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
debug {
debuggable true
minifyEnabled true
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
})
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.0.0'
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
//optional, help to generate the final application
provided('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:1.7.7')
//tinker's main Android lib
compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-lib:1.7.7')
}
def gitSha() {
//将git版本号设置为TINKER_ID
try {
String gitRev = 'git rev-parse --short HEAD'.execute(null, project.rootDir).text.trim()
if (gitRev == null) {
throw new GradleException("can't get git rev, you should add git to system path or just input test value, such as 'testTinkerId'")
}
return gitRev
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new GradleException("can't get git rev, you should add git to system path or just input test value, such as 'testTinkerId'")
}
}
def getTinkerIdValue() {
//如果没有指定TINKER_ID，就会通过gitSha()方法获取
return hasProperty("TINKER_ID") ? TINKER_ID : gitSha()
}
//定义安装包路径。每次build时，如assembleDebug都会在bakApk目录下生成打包好的apk文件
def bakPath = file("${buildDir}/bakApk/")
/**
* you can use assembleRelease to build you base apk
* use tinkerPatchRelease -POLD_APK= -PAPPLY_MAPPING= -PAPPLY_RESOURCE= to build patch
* add apk from the build/bakApk
*/
ext {
//这里是控制tinker开关的，平时debug的时候可以选择关闭
//for some reason, you may want to ignore tinkerBuild, such as instant run debug build?
tinkerEnabled = true
//这里是old.apk的路径，在第二次打包时必须手动修改为第一次打包保留下的apk存放路径
//下面示例中的时分秒非必要不要动了，我就是把分秒删了，在同一时段内造成相同报名覆盖而看不到效果，这是一个悲剧
//for normal build
//old apk file to build patch apk
tinkerOldApkPath = "${bakPath}/TinkerTest-debug-0207-18-23-16.apk"
//mapping.txt同上，需换成第一次打包是保留的存放路径
//proguard mapping file to build patch apk
tinkerApplyMappingPath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-1018-17-mapping.txt"
//同上，这个也必需改，不然会报错
//resource R.txt to build patch apk, must input if there is resource changed
tinkerApplyResourcePath = "${bakPath}/TinkerTest-debug-0207-18-23-16-R.txt"
//only use for build all flavor, if not, just ignore this field
tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory = "${bakPath}/app-1018-17"
}
def getOldApkPath() {
return hasProperty("OLD_APK") ? OLD_APK : ext.tinkerOldApkPath
}
def getApplyMappingPath() {
return hasProperty("APPLY_MAPPING") ? APPLY_MAPPING : ext.tinkerApplyMappingPath
}
def getApplyResourceMappingPath() {
return hasProperty("APPLY_RESOURCE") ? APPLY_RESOURCE : ext.tinkerApplyResourcePath
}
def buildWithTinker() {
return hasProperty("TINKER_ENABLE") ? TINKER_ENABLE : ext.tinkerEnabled
}
def getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory() {
return ext.tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory
}
if (buildWithTinker()) {
apply plugin: 'com.tencent.tinker.patch'
tinkerPatch {//跟命令行介入时的tinker_config.xml中的配置差不多，可根据自己情况做相应修改
/**
* necessary，default 'null'
* the old apk path, use to diff with the new apk to build
* add apk from the build/bakApk
*/
oldApk = getOldApkPath()
/**
* optional，default 'false'
* there are some cases we may get some warnings
* if ignoreWarning is true, we would just assert the patch process
* case 1: minSdkVersion is below 14, but you are using dexMode with raw.
* it must be crash when load.
* case 2: newly added Android Component in AndroidManifest.xml,
* it must be crash when load.
* case 3: loader classes in dex.loader{} are not keep in the main dex,
* it must be let tinker not work.
* case 4: loader classes in dex.loader{} changes,
* loader classes is ues to load patch dex. it is useless to change them.
* it won't crash, but these changes can't effect. you may ignore it
* case 5: resources.arsc has changed, but we don't use applyResourceMapping to build
*/
ignoreWarning = false
/**
* optional，default 'true'
* whether sign the patch file
* if not, you must do yourself. otherwise it can't check success during the patch loading
* we will use the sign config with your build type
*/
useSign = true
/**
* optional，default 'true'
* whether use tinker to build
*/
tinkerEnable = buildWithTinker()
/**
* Warning, applyMapping will affect the normal android build!
*/
buildConfig {
/**
* optional，default 'null'
* if we use tinkerPatch to build the patch apk, you'd better to apply the old
* apk mapping file if minifyEnabled is enable!
* Warning:
* you must be careful that it will affect the normal assemble build!
*/
applyMapping = getApplyMappingPath()
/**
* optional，default 'null'
* It is nice to keep the resource id from R.txt file to reduce java changes
*/
applyResourceMapping = getApplyResourceMappingPath()
/**
* necessary，default 'null'
* because we don't want to check the base apk with md5 in the runtime(it is slow)
* tinkerId is use to identify the unique base apk when the patch is tried to apply.
* we can use git rev, svn rev or simply versionCode.
* we will gen the tinkerId in your manifest automatic
*/
tinkerId = getTinkerIdValue()
/**
* if keepDexApply is true, class in which dex refer to the old apk.
* open this can reduce the dex diff file size.
*/
keepDexApply = false
}
dex {
/**
* optional，default 'jar'
* only can be 'raw' or 'jar'. for raw, we would keep its original format
* for jar, we would repack dexes with zip format.
* if you want to support below 14, you must use jar
* or you want to save rom or check quicker, you can use raw mode also
*/
dexMode = "jar"
/**
* necessary，default '[]'
* what dexes in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch
* it support * or ? pattern.
*/
pattern = ["classes*.dex",
"assets/secondary-dex-?.jar"]
/**
* necessary，default '[]'
* Warning, it is very very important, loader classes can't change with patch.
* thus, they will be removed from patch dexes.
* you must put the following class into main dex.
* Simply, you should add your own application {@code tinker.sample.android.SampleApplication}
* own tinkerLoader, and the classes you use in them
*
*/
loader = [
//use sample, let BaseBuildInfo unchangeable with tinker
"tinker.sample.android.app.BaseBuildInfo"
]
}
lib {
/**
* optional，default '[]'
* what library in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch
* it support * or ? pattern.
* for library in assets, we would just recover them in the patch directory
* you can get them in TinkerLoadResult with Tinker
*/
pattern = ["lib/*/*.so"]
}
res {
/**
* optional，default '[]'
* what resource in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch
* it support * or ? pattern.
* you must include all your resources in apk here,
* otherwise, they won't repack in the new apk resources.
*/
pattern = ["res/*", "assets/*", "resources.arsc", "AndroidManifest.xml"]
/**
* optional，default '[]'
* the resource file exclude patterns, ignore add, delete or modify resource change
* it support * or ? pattern.
* Warning, we can only use for files no relative with resources.arsc
*/
ignoreChange = ["assets/sample_meta.txt"]
/**
* default 100kb
* for modify resource, if it is larger than 'largeModSize'
* we would like to use bsdiff algorithm to reduce patch file size
*/
largeModSize = 100
}
packageConfig {
/**
* optional，default 'TINKER_ID, TINKER_ID_VALUE' 'NEW_TINKER_ID, NEW_TINKER_ID_VALUE'
* package meta file gen. path is assets/package_meta.txt in patch file
* you can use securityCheck.getPackageProperties() in your ownPackageCheck method
* or TinkerLoadResult.getPackageConfigByName
* we will get the TINKER_ID from the old apk manifest for you automatic,
* other config files (such as patchMessage below)is not necessary
*/
configField("patchMessage", "tinker is sample to use")
/**
* just a sample case, you can use such as sdkVersion, brand, channel...
* you can parse it in the SamplePatchListener.
* Then you can use patch conditional!
*/
configField("platform", "all")
/**
* patch version via packageConfig
*/
configField("patchVersion", "1.0")
}
//or you can add config filed outside, or get meta value from old apk
//project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.configField("test1", project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.getMetaDataFromOldApk("Test"))
//project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.configField("test2", "sample")
/**
* if you don't use zipArtifact or path, we just use 7za to try
*/
sevenZip {
/**
* optional，default '7za'
* the 7zip artifact path, it will use the right 7za with your platform
*/
zipArtifact = "com.tencent.mm:SevenZip:1.1.10"
/**
* optional，default '7za'
* you can specify the 7za path yourself, it will overwrite the zipArtifact value
*/
// path = "/usr/local/bin/7za"
}
}
//这里是多渠道打包和将打好的包copy的bakApk目录的代码
List<String> flavors = new ArrayList<>();
project.android.productFlavors.each {flavor ->
flavors.add(flavor.name)
}
boolean hasFlavors = flavors.size() > 0
/**
* bak apk and mapping
*/
android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
/**
* task type, you want to bak
*/
def taskName = variant.name
def date = new Date().format("MMdd-HH-mm-ss")
tasks.all {
if ("assemble${taskName.capitalize()}".equalsIgnoreCase(it.name)) {
it.doLast {
copy {
def fileNamePrefix = "${project.name}-${variant.baseName}"
def newFileNamePrefix = hasFlavors ? "${fileNamePrefix}" : "${fileNamePrefix}-${date}"
def destPath = hasFlavors ? file("${bakPath}/${project.name}-${date}/${variant.flavorName}") : bakPath
from variant.outputs.outputFile
into destPath
rename { String fileName ->
fileName.replace("${fileNamePrefix}.apk", "${newFileNamePrefix}.apk")
}
from "${buildDir}/outputs/mapping/${variant.dirName}/mapping.txt"
into destPath
rename { String fileName ->
fileName.replace("mapping.txt", "${newFileNamePrefix}-mapping.txt")
}
from "${buildDir}/intermediates/symbols/${variant.dirName}/R.txt"
into destPath
rename { String fileName ->
fileName.replace("R.txt", "${newFileNamePrefix}-R.txt")
}
}
}
}
}
}
//多渠道的时候用到
project.afterEvaluate {
//sample use for build all flavor for one time
if (hasFlavors) {
task(tinkerPatchAllFlavorRelease) {
group = 'tinker'
def originOldPath = getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory()
for (String flavor : flavors) {
def tinkerTask = tasks.getByName("tinkerPatch${flavor.capitalize()}Release")
dependsOn tinkerTask
def preAssembleTask = tasks.getByName("process${flavor.capitalize()}ReleaseManifest")
preAssembleTask.doFirst {
String flavorName = preAssembleTask.name.substring(7, 8).toLowerCase() + preAssembleTask.name.substring(8, preAssembleTask.name.length() - 15)
project.tinkerPatch.oldApk = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release.apk"
project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release-mapping.txt"
project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyResourceMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release-R.txt"
}
}
}
task(tinkerPatchAllFlavorDebug) {
group = 'tinker'
def originOldPath = getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory()
for (String flavor : flavors) {
def tinkerTask = tasks.getByName("tinkerPatch${flavor.capitalize()}Debug")
dependsOn tinkerTask
def preAssembleTask = tasks.getByName("process${flavor.capitalize()}DebugManifest")
preAssembleTask.doFirst {
String flavorName = preAssembleTask.name.substring(7, 8).toLowerCase() + preAssembleTask.name.substring(8, preAssembleTask.name.length() - 13)
project.tinkerPatch.oldApk = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug.apk"
project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug-mapping.txt"
project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyResourceMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug-R.txt"
}
}
}
}
}
}
这就完事了，可以打第一个包了，第一个包打好后，
模拟修复代码，然后修改build.gradle中旧包的路径
接着调用tinkerPatchRelease或者tinkerPatchDebug
命令的方式：
./gradlew tinkerPatchRelease // 或者 ./gradlew tinkerPatchDebug
推荐使用命令的方式，因为出错了能看出来，哭着笑
成功之后就可以找到patch包了
Paste_Image.png
最后，push进手机sd卡，看效果，完事
参考连接
Tinker官方文档
Android 热修复 Tinker接入及源码浅析 ---介绍了tinker的使用和源码分析
Tinker集成和使用（一）Tinker简介和运行Tinker示例出现的问题 ---提到的几点注意事项有价值
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