请求转发
指将请求再转发到其他地址,转发过程中使用的是同一个request请求,转发后浏览器地址栏内容不变。
请求转发使用RequestDispatcher接口中的forword()方法实现,该方法可以把请求转发给另外一个资源,并让该资源对此请求进行响应。
实现方式
request.getRequestDispatcher("HelloServlet2").forward(request, response);
package com.neusoft.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class HelloServlet1
*/
@WebServlet("/HelloServlet1")
public class HelloServlet1 extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public HelloServlet1() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
System.out.println("*******"+request.getServletContext().getInitParameter("url"));//*******null
String username=request.getParameter("username");
System.out.println(response.getWriter().append("HelloServlet1"+username));//org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteWriter@57e5b570
System.out.println(request.getServletContext().getContextPath()+"HelloServlet2");///zhihu20190518HelloServlet2
// System.out.println("username:"+username);
//请求转发
request.getRequestDispatcher("HelloServlet2").forward(request, response);
//(响应)重定向
// response.sendRedirect("HelloServlet2");
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
package com.neusoft.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class HelloServlet2
*/
@WebServlet("/HelloServlet2")
public class HelloServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public HelloServlet2() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
String username=request.getParameter("username");
System.out.println(response.getWriter().append("HelloServlet2"+username));//org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteWriter@57e5b570
// System.out.println("username:"+username);
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
image.png
image.png
重定向
指由原请求地址重新定位到某个地址,原有的request请求失效,客户端看到的是新的request请求返回的响应结果,客户端浏览器地址栏变为新请求地址。
实现方式:
response.sendRedirect("HelloServlet2");
package com.neusoft.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class HelloServlet1
*/
@WebServlet("/HelloServlet1")
public class HelloServlet1 extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public HelloServlet1() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath()); System.out.println("*******"+request.getServletContext().getInitParameter("url"));//*******null
String username=request.getParameter("username");
System.out.println(response.getWriter().append("HelloServlet1"+username));//org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteWriter@28a20346 System.out.println(request.getServletContext().getContextPath()+"HelloServlet2");///zhihu20190518HelloServlet2
// System.out.println("username:"+username);
//请求转发
// request.getRequestDispatcher("HelloServlet2").forward(request, response);
//(响应)重定向
response.sendRedirect("HelloServlet2");
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
package com.neusoft.controller;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* Servlet implementation class HelloServlet2
*/
@WebServlet("/HelloServlet2")
public class HelloServlet2 extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public HelloServlet2() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
// response.getWriter().append("Served at: ").append(request.getContextPath());
String username=request.getParameter("username"); System.out.println(response.getWriter().append("HelloServlet2"+username));//org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteWriter@28a20346
// System.out.println("username:"+username);
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
doGet(request, response);
}
}
image.png
image.png
请求转发与重定向区别
1.请求转发只能将请求转发给同一个Web应用中的组件;而重定向不仅可以重定向到当前应用程序中的其他资源,还可以重定向到同一个站点上的其他应用程序中的资源,或者重定向到其他站点的资源。
2.重定向的访问过程结束后,浏览器地址栏中显示的URL会发生改变,由初始的URL地址变为重定向的目标URL;而请求转发过程结束后,浏览器地址栏保持初始的URL地址不变;
3.请求转发调用者与被调用者之间共享相同的request对象和response对象,他们属于同一个访问请求和响应过程;而重定向调用者与被调用者使用各自的request对象和response对象,他们属于两个独立的访问请求和响应过程。
4.不代表方法的结束,下面的代码还会继续执行,注意在转发或重定向的语句后面不要在编写代码。
网友评论