1. 安装环境
系统：CentOS 7
MongoDB版本：mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9.tgz
2. 首先从mongoDB官网下载mongodb安装包
3. 通过ftp工具将安装包上传至CentOS系统中，解压并且重命名为mongodb
[root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9.tgz
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/README
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/MPL-2
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/LICENSE-Community.txt
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongodump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongorestore
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongoexport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongoimport
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongostat
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongotop
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/bsondump
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongofiles
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongoreplay
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongod
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongos
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/mongo
mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9/bin/install_compass
[root@localhost local]# mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9 mongodb
[root@localhost local]# ll
总用量 82980
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 games
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 100 4月 17 13:42 mongodb
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 84969698 4月 17 13:38 mongodb-linux-x86_64-4.0.9.tgz
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 49 4月 16 17:14 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 4月 11 2018 src
[root@localhost local]#
4. 在配置文件 /etc/profile 配置环境变量，添加以下语句
export MONGODB_HOME=/usr/local/mongodb
export PATH=$MONGODB_HOME/bin:$PATH
编辑 /etc/profile 配置文件使用以下命令
[root@localhost local]# vim /etc/profile # 编辑
[root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile # 使修改的配置生效
5. 查看mongoDB的版本信息
[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/usr/local/mongodb/bin
[root@localhost bin]# mongod -v
2019-04-17T13:47:17.668+0800 D NETWORK [main] fd limit hard:4096 soft:1024 max conn: 819
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=7596 port=27017 dbpath=/data/db 64-bit host=localhost.localdomain
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] db version v4.0.9
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] git version: fc525e2d9b0e4bceff5c2201457e564362909765
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] modules: none
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] build environment:
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] distarch: x86_64
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] target_arch: x86_64
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] options: { systemLog: { verbosity: 1 } }
2019-04-17T13:47:17.670+0800 D NETWORK [initandlisten] fd limit hard:4096 soft:1024 max conn: 819
2019-04-17T13:47:17.672+0800 D - [initandlisten] User Assertion: NonExistentPath: Data directory /data/db not found. src/mongo/db/storage/storage_engine_init.cpp 243
2019-04-17T13:47:17.672+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] exception in initAndListen: NonExistentPath: Data directory /data/db not found., terminating
2019-04-17T13:47:17.673+0800 D - [initandlisten] User Assertion: NotMaster: not primary so can't step down src/mongo/db/db.cpp 893
2019-04-17T13:47:17.673+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] shutdown: going to close listening sockets...
2019-04-17T13:47:17.673+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock
2019-04-17T13:47:17.673+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] now exiting
2019-04-17T13:47:17.673+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] shutting down with code:100
[root@localhost bin]#
看到以上信息证明mongoDB安装成功，下面对mongoDB数据库进行一些常用配置
6. 创建数据库文件夹以及日志文件夹
[root@localhost mongodb]# pwd
/usr/local/mongodb
[root@localhost mongodb]# mkdir -p data
[root@localhost mongodb]# mkdir -p log
[root@localhost mongodb]# touch log/mongodb.log
[root@localhost mongodb]#
7. 创建数据库配置文件mongodb.conf
在 /usr/local/mongodb/bin 路径下创建数据库配置文件mongodb.conf，并添加以下内容
# 数据库路径
dbpath=/usr/local/mongodb/data
# 日志文件路径
logpath=/usr/local/mongodb/log/mongodb.log
# 表示日志文件末尾追加日志
logappend=true
# 启用端口号
port=27017
# 是否在后台运行
fork=true
8. 通过配置文件启动mongoDB
[root@localhost bin]# mongod -f ./mongodb.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 7662
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@localhost bin]#
看到以上消息代表启动成功
8. 新建数据库用户
mongoDB默认情况下是没有启用验证的，但是在实际生产环境中，我们必须启用验证，所以一般在配置完mongoDB后，使用后台管理shell连接mongoDB新建用户，
[root@localhost bin]# pwd
/usr/local/mongodb/bin
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongo
MongoDB shell version v4.0.9
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("d50df87b-5f07-46f3-8bde-8a041c5a13cc") }
MongoDB server version: 4.0.9
Server has startup warnings:
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Access control is not enabled for the database.
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** Read and write access to data and configuration is unrestricted.
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never'
2019-04-17T14:05:00.584+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten]
>
在这里新建两个用户，一个是在admin数据库的管理用户huaAdmin，主要用于管理mongoDB，另外一个是业务逻辑数据库hua的用户，主要用于处理数据库的增删改查
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.createUser(
... {
... user: "huaAdmin",
... pwd: "huaAdmin",
... roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" },{role:"hostManager", db:"admin"} ]
... }
... );
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "huaAdmin",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
"db" : "admin"
},
{
"role" : "hostManager",
"db" : "admin"
}
]
}
> use hua
switched to db hua
> db.createUser(
... {
... user: "hua",
... pwd: "hua",
... roles: [{ role: "readWrite", db: "hua" },{ role: "dbAdmin", db: "hua" }]
... }
... );
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "hua",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "readWrite",
"db" : "hua"
},
{
"role" : "dbAdmin",
"db" : "hua"
}
]
}
>
新建完用户之后，关闭mongoDB服务
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.shutdownServer(); # 关闭mongoDB服务
server should be down...
2019-04-17T14:15:41.731+0800 I NETWORK [js] trying reconnect to 127.0.0.1:27017 failed
2019-04-17T14:15:41.732+0800 I NETWORK [js] reconnect 127.0.0.1:27017 failed failed
> exit
bye
2019-04-17T14:15:43.360+0800 I NETWORK [js] trying reconnect to 127.0.0.1:27017 failed
2019-04-17T14:15:43.361+0800 I NETWORK [js] reconnect 127.0.0.1:27017 failed failed
2019-04-17T14:15:43.361+0800 I QUERY [js] Failed to end session { id: UUID("d50df87b-5f07-46f3-8bde-8a041c5a13cc") } due to SocketException: socket exception [CONNECT_ERROR] server [couldn't connect to server 127.0.0.1:27017, connection attempt failed: SocketException: Error connecting to 127.0.0.1:27017 :: caused by :: Connection refused]
[root@localhost bin]#
9. 编辑配置文件mongodb.conf，在末尾添加 auth=true，开启验证
再次启动mongoDB，然后使用Navicat连接（必须关闭CentOS防火墙）
[root@localhost bin]# systemctl stop firewalld # 关闭防火墙
[root@localhost bin]# mongod -f ./mongodb.conf # 启动mongoDB
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 7748
child process started successfully, parent exiting
[root@localhost bin]#
至此，MongoDB安装完毕。
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