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SpringBoot基础系列-整合MyBatis

SpringBoot基础系列-整合MyBatis

作者: 唯一浩哥 | 来源:发表于2019-02-07 21:54 被阅读4次

    原创文章,转载请标注出处:《SpringBoot基础系列-整合MyBatis》


    一、步骤

    1.1 第一步:添加必要的jar包

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    

    1.2 第二步:添加必要的配置

    application.properties

    #配置数据源
    spring.datasource.url = jdbc:h2:mem:dbtest
    spring.datasource.username = sa
    spring.datasource.password = sa
    spring.datasource.driverClassName =org.h2.Driver
    

    1.3 第三步:添加配置类

    // 该配置类用于配置自动扫描器,用于扫描自定义的mapper接口,MyBatis会针对这些接口生成代理来调用对应的XMl中的SQL
    @Configuration
    @MapperScan("com.example.springbootdemo.mapper")
    public class MyBatisConfig {
    }
    

    这个注解必须手动配置是因为mapper接口的位置完全就是用户自定义的,自动配置的时候也不可能找到还不存在的位置。

    1.4 第四步:定义实体类型

    @Data
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    @ToString
    @EqualsAndHashCode
    @Builder
    @ApiModel("书籍模型")
    public class Book {
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "书籍ID", notes = "书籍ID",example = "1")
        private Integer bookId;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "书籍页数", notes = "书籍页数",example = "100")
        private Integer pageNum;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "书籍名称", notes = "书籍名称",example = "Java编程思想")
        private String bookName;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "书籍类型", notes = "书籍类型",hidden = false)
        private BookType BookType;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "书籍简介")
        private String bookDesc;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "书籍价格")
        private Double bookPrice;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "创建时间",hidden = true)
        private LocalDateTime createTime;
        @ApiModelProperty(value = "修改时间",hidden = true)
        private LocalDateTime modifyTime;
    }
    

    还有一个枚举类型

    public enum BookType {
        TECHNOLOGY,//技术
        LITERARY,//文学
        HISTORY//历史
        ;
    }
    

    实体类中使用了swagger2和Lombok中的注解,需要添加对应的jar包

    1.5 第五步:定义mapper接口

    public interface BookRepository {
        int addBook(Book book);
        int updateBook(Book book);
        int deleteBook(int id);
        Book getBook(int id);
        List<Book> getBooks(Book book);
    }
    

    1.6 第六步:定义mapper配置

    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
    <mapper namespace="com.example.springbootdemo.mapper.BookRepository">
        <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Book">
            INSERT INTO BOOK(
            <if test="pageNum != null">
                PAGE_NUM,
            </if>
            <if test="bookType != null">
                BOOK_TYPE,
            </if>
            <if test="bookName != null">
                BOOK_NAME,
            </if>
            <if test="bookDesc != null">
                BOOK_DESC,
            </if>
            <if test="bookPrice != null">
                BOOK_PRICE,
            </if>
                CREATE_TIME,
                MODIFY_TIME)
            VALUES (
            <if test="pageNum != null">
                #{pageNum},
            </if>
            <if test="bookType != null">
                #{bookType},
            </if>
            <if test="bookName != null">
                #{bookName},
            </if>
            <if test="bookDesc != null">
                #{bookDesc},
            </if>
            <if test="bookPrice != null">
                #{bookPrice},
            </if>
            sysdate,sysdate)
        </insert>
        <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Book">
            UPDATE BOOK SET
            <if test="pageNum != null">
                PAGE_NUM = #{pageNum},
            </if>
            <if test="bookType != null">
                BOOK_TYPE = #{bookType},
            </if>
            <if test="bookDesc != null">
                BOOK_DESC = #{bookDesc},
            </if>
            <if test="bookPrice != null">
                BOOK_PRICE = #{bookPrice},
            </if>
            <if test="bookName != null">
                BOOK_NAME = #{bookName},
            </if>
            MODIFY_TIME=sysdate
            WHERE 1=1
            <if test="bookId != null">
                and BOOK_ID = #{bookId}
            </if>
        </update>
        <delete id="deleteBook" parameterType="int">
            delete from BOOK where BOOK_id=#{bookId}
        </delete>
        <select id="getBook" parameterType="int" resultMap="bookResultMap">
            select * from BOOK where BOOK_ID=#{bookId}
        </select>
        <select id="getBooks" resultMap="bookResultMap">
            select * from BOOK WHERE 1=1
            <if test="bookId != null">
                and BOOK_ID = #{bookId}
            </if>
            <if test="pageNum != null">
                and PAGE_NUM = #{pageNum}
            </if>
            <if test="bookType != null">
                and BOOK_TYPE = #{bookType}
            </if>
            <if test="bookDesc != null">
                and BOOK_DESC = #{bookDesc}
            </if>
            <if test="bookPrice != null">
                and BOOK_PRICE = #{bookPrice}
            </if>
            <if test="bookName != null">
                and BOOK_NAME = #{bookName}
            </if>
        </select>
        <resultMap id="bookResultMap" type="Book">
            <id column="BOOK_ID" property="bookId"/>
            <result column="PAGE_NUM" property="pageNum"/>
            <result column="BOOK_NAME" property="bookName"/>
            <result column="BOOK_TYPE" property="bookType"/>
            <result column="BOOK_DESC" property="bookDesc"/>
            <result column="BOOK_PRICE" property="bookPrice"/>
            <result column="CREATE_TIME" property="createTime"/>
            <result column="MODIFY_TIME" property="modifyTime"/>
        </resultMap>
    </mapper>
    

    在这个配置文件中我们使用了MyBatis的动态SQL和参数映射

    1.7 第七步:再次添加必要的配置

    application.properties

    #配置Xml配置的位置
    mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath*:/mapper/*.xml
    #配置实体类型别名
    mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.example.springbootdemo.entity
    ``
    > 这里的两个配置也和之前的扫描器注解一样,都是自动配置时未知的,需要手动配置,当然可能会存在默认的位置,但是一旦我们自定义了,就必须手动添加配置。
    ### 1.8 第八步:定义service和controller
    ```java
    @Service
    @Log4j2
    public class BookService {
        
        @Autowired
        private BookRepository bookRepository;
        
        public ResponseEntity<Book> addBook(final Book book) {
            int num = bookRepository.addBook(book);
            return ResponseEntity.ok(book);
        }
        
        public ResponseEntity<Integer> updateBook(final Book book){
            return ResponseEntity.ok(bookRepository.updateBook(book));
        }
        
        public ResponseEntity<Integer> deleteBook(final int bookId){
            return ResponseEntity.ok(bookRepository.deleteBook(bookId));
        }
        
        public ResponseEntity<Book> getBook(final int bookId) {
            Book book = bookRepository.getBook(bookId);
            return ResponseEntity.ok(book);
        }
        
        public ResponseEntity<List<Book>> getBooks(final Book book){
            return ResponseEntity.ok(bookRepository.getBooks(book));
        }
        
    }
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/book")
    @Api(description = "书籍接口")
    @Log4j2
    public class BookApi {
        @Autowired
        private BookService bookService;
        
        @RequestMapping(value = "/addBook", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
        @ApiOperation(value = "添加书籍", notes = "添加一本新书籍", httpMethod = "PUT")
        public ResponseEntity<Book> addBook(final Book book){
            return bookService.addBook(book);
        }
        
        @RequestMapping(value = "/updateBook", method = RequestMethod.POST)
        @ApiOperation(value = "更新书籍", notes = "根据条件更新书籍信息", httpMethod = "POST")
        public ResponseEntity<Integer> updateBook(final Book book){
            return bookService.updateBook(book);
        }
        
        @RequestMapping(value = "/deleteBook", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
        @ApiOperation(value = "获取一本书籍", notes = "根据ID获取书籍", httpMethod = "DELETE")
        public ResponseEntity<Integer> deleteBook(final int bookId){
            return bookService.deleteBook(bookId);
        }
        
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getBook", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        @ApiOperation(value = "获取一本书籍", notes = "根据ID获取书籍", httpMethod = "GET")
        public ResponseEntity<Book> getBook(final int bookId){
            return bookService.getBook(bookId);
        }
        
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getBooks", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        @ApiOperation(value = "获取书籍", notes = "根据条件获取书籍", httpMethod = "GET")
        public ResponseEntity<List<Book>> getBooks(final Book book){
            return bookService.getBooks(book);
        }
    }
    

    这里使用了swagger2的注解

    至此设置完毕。

    1.9 第九步:浏览器访问

    http://localhost:8080/swagger-ui.html
    

    通过swagger界面可以看到我们定义的接口。

    二、高级功能

    2.1 分页(两种,简单分页RowBounds和拦截器分页,插件)

    2.1.1 RowBounds分页

    使用RowBounds分页适用于小数据量的分页查询

    使用方式是在查询的Mapper接口上添加RowBounds参数即可,service传参时需要指定其两个属性,当前页和每页数。

    1. 定义分页模型
    @Data
    @Builder
    @ToString
    @EqualsAndHashCode
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    public class MyPage<T> {
        private Integer pageId;//当前页
        private Integer pageNum;//总页数
        private Integer pageSize;//每页数
        private Integer totalNum;//总数目
        private List<T> body;//分页结果
        private Integer srartIndex;//开始索引
        private boolean isMore;//是否有下一页
    }
    
    1. 定义mapper
    public interface BookRepository {
        // 省略多余内容
        int count(Book book);
        List<Book> getBooks(Book book, RowBounds rowBounds);
    }
    

    BookRepository.xml

    <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
    <mapper namespace="com.example.springbootdemo.mapper.BookRepository">
       
        <!--省略多余内容-->
        
        <select id="getBooks" resultMap="bookResultMap">
            select * from BOOK WHERE 1=1
            <if test="bookId != null">
                and BOOK_ID = #{bookId}
            </if>
            <if test="pageNum != null">
                and PAGE_NUM = #{pageNum}
            </if>
            <if test="bookType != null">
                and BOOK_TYPE = #{bookType}
            </if>
            <if test="bookDesc != null">
                and BOOK_DESC = #{bookDesc}
            </if>
            <if test="bookPrice != null">
                and BOOK_PRICE = #{bookPrice}
            </if>
            <if test="bookName != null">
                and BOOK_NAME = #{bookName}
            </if>
        </select>
        <select id="count" resultType="int">
            select count(1) from BOOK WHERE 1=1
            <if test="bookId != null">
                and BOOK_ID = #{bookId}
            </if>
            <if test="pageNum != null">
                and PAGE_NUM = #{pageNum}
            </if>
            <if test="bookType != null">
                and BOOK_TYPE = #{bookType}
            </if>
            <if test="bookDesc != null">
                and BOOK_DESC = #{bookDesc}
            </if>
            <if test="bookPrice != null">
                and BOOK_PRICE = #{bookPrice}
            </if>
            <if test="bookName != null">
                and BOOK_NAME = #{bookName}
            </if>
        </select>
        <resultMap id="bookResultMap" type="Book">
            <id column="BOOK_ID" property="bookId"/>
            <result column="PAGE_NUM" property="pageNum"/>
            <result column="BOOK_NAME" property="bookName"/>
            <result column="BOOK_TYPE" property="bookType"/>
            <result column="BOOK_DESC" property="bookDesc"/>
            <result column="BOOK_PRICE" property="bookPrice"/>
            <result column="CREATE_TIME" property="createTime"/>
            <result column="MODIFY_TIME" property="modifyTime"/>
        </resultMap>
    </mapper>
    

    3.定义service

    @Service
    @Log4j2
    public class BookService {
        
        @Autowired
        private BookRepository bookRepository;
        // 省略多余内容
        // 使用RowBounds实现分页
        public ResponseEntity<MyPage<Book>> getBooksByRowBounds(int pageId,int pageSize){
            MyPage<Book> myPage = new MyPage<>();
            myPage.setPageId(pageId);
            myPage.setPageSize(pageSize);
            List<Book> books = bookRepository.getBooks(Book.builder().build(), new RowBounds(pageId,pageSize));
            int totalNum = bookRepository.count(Book.builder().build());
            myPage.setBody(books);
            myPage.setTotalNum(totalNum);
            return ResponseEntity.ok(myPage);
        }
    }
    
    1. 定义controller
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/book")
    @Api(description = "书籍接口")
    @Log4j2
    public class BookApi {
       
        @Autowired
        private BookService bookService;
        // 省略多余内容
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getBooksPageByRowBounds", method = RequestMethod.GET)
        @ApiOperation(value = "分页获取书籍", notes = "通过RowBounds分页获取书籍", httpMethod = "GET")
        public ResponseEntity<PageInfo<Book>> getBooksPageByRowBounds(final int pageId, final int pageNum){
            return bookService.getBooksByRowBounds(pageId, pageNum);
        }
        
    }
    

    2.1.2 拦截器分页

    当面对大数据量的分页时,RowBounds就力不从心的,这时需要我们使用分页拦截器实现分页。

    这里其实可以直接使用插件PageHelper,其就是以拦截器技术实现的分页查询插件。

    具体使用方法见SpringBoot整合MyBatis分页插件PageHelper

    2.2 自定义类型转换器(枚举转换器)

    public class BookTypeEnumHandler extends BaseTypeHandler<BookType> {
        /**
         * 用于定义设置参数时,该如何把Java类型的参数转换为对应的数据库类型
         */
        @Override
        public void setNonNullParameter(PreparedStatement ps, int i, BookType parameter, JdbcType jdbcType) throws SQLException {
            int j = 0;
            for (BookType bookType : BookType.values()){
                if(bookType.equals(parameter)){
                    ps.setString(i, j +"");
                    return;
                }
                j++;
            }
        }
        /**
         * 用于定义通过字段名称获取字段数据时,如何把数据库类型转换为对应的Java类型
         */
        @Override
        public BookType getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, String columnName) throws SQLException {
            int j = Integer.valueOf(rs.getString(columnName));
            if(j >= BookType.values().length) {
                return null;
            }
            int i = 0;
            for(BookType bookType:BookType.values()){
                if(j == i){
                    return bookType;
                }
                i++;
            }
            return null;
        }
        /**
         * 用于定义通过字段索引获取字段数据时,如何把数据库类型转换为对应的Java类型
         */
        @Override
        public BookType getNullableResult(ResultSet rs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException {
            return null;
        }
        /**
         * 用定义调用存储过程后,如何把数据库类型转换为对应的Java类型
         */
        @Override
        public BookType getNullableResult(CallableStatement cs, int columnIndex) throws SQLException {
            return null;
        }
    }
    

    2.3 使用@Mapper(不常用,可不看)

    注意:使用@Mapper注解的时候是不需要添加xml配置Mapper文件的,SQL脚本在接口方法的注解内部定义

    1. 第一步:定义实体类
    @Data
    @Builder
    @ToString
    @EqualsAndHashCode
    @NoArgsConstructor
    @AllArgsConstructor
    public class Tree {
        private Integer treeId;
        private String treeName;
        private Integer treeAge;
        private Double treeHight;
        private TreeType treeType;
        private TreeState treeState;
        private String treeDesc;
    }
    
    1. 第二步:定义持久层
    @Mapper
    public interface TreeRepository {
        
        @Insert("INSERT INTO TREE (TREE_NAME,TREE_AGE,TREE_HIGHT,TREE_TYPE,TREE_STATE,TREE_DESC) VALUES (#{treeName},#{treeAge},#{treeHight},#{treeType},#{treeState},#{treeDesc}) ")
        int addTree(Tree tree);
        
        // 此处treeState是一个枚举,此处执行一直报错
        @Update("UPDATE TREE SET TREE_STATE=#{treeState} WHERE TREE_ID=#{treeId}")
        int updateState(final int treeId, final TreeState treeState);
        
        @Delete("DELETE FROM TREE WHERE TREE_ID=#{treeId}")
        int deleteTree(final int treeId);
        
        @Results({
                @Result(id = true, column = "TREE_ID",property = "treeId"),
                @Result(column = "TREE_NAME",property = "treeName"),
                @Result(column = "TREE_AGE", property = "treeAge"),
                @Result(column = "TREE_HIGHT",property = "treeHight"),
                @Result(column = "TREE_TYPE",property = "treeType",typeHandler = EnumOrdinalTypeHandler.class),
                @Result(column = "TREE_STATE",property = "treeState",typeHandler = EnumOrdinalTypeHandler.class),
                @Result(column = "TREE_DESC", property = "treeDesc")
        })
        @Select("SELECT * FROM TREE WHERE TREE_ID=#{treeId}")
        Tree getTree(final int treeId);
        
        @Results({
                @Result(id = true, column = "TREE_ID",property = "treeId"),
                @Result(column = "TREE_NAME",property = "treeName"),
                @Result(column = "TREE_AGE", property = "treeAge"),
                @Result(column = "TREE_HIGHT",property = "treeHight"),
                @Result(column = "TREE_TYPE",property = "treeType",typeHandler = EnumOrdinalTypeHandler.class),
                @Result(column = "TREE_STATE",property = "treeState",typeHandler = EnumOrdinalTypeHandler.class),
                @Result(column = "TREE_DESC", property = "treeDesc")
        })
        @Select("SELECT * FROM TREE")
        List<Tree> getTrees(RowBounds rowBounds);
    }
    

    注意:重点就在这个接口中,我们添加接口注解@Mapper,表示这是一个持久层Mapper,它的实例化依靠SpringBoot自动配置完成。
    在接口方法上直接添加对应的执行注解,在注解中直接定义SQL,这种SQL仍然可以使用表达式#{}来获取参数的值。
    注意@Result注解中定义的两个关于枚举的类型处理器EnumOrdinalTypeHandler,其实其为MyBatis内部自带的两种枚举处理器之一,用于存储枚举序号,还有一个EnumTypeHandler用于存储枚举名称。

    1. 第三步:定义service和controller
    @Service
    @Log4j2
    public class TreeService {
        
        @Autowired
        private TreeRepository treeRepository;
        
        public ResponseEntity<Tree> addTree(final Tree tree){
            treeRepository.addTree(tree);
            return ResponseEntity.ok(tree);
        }
        
        public ResponseEntity<Tree> updateTree(final int treeId, final TreeState treeState){
            treeRepository.updateState(treeId,treeState);
            return ResponseEntity.ok(Tree.builder().treeId(treeId).treeState(treeState).build());
        }
        
        public ResponseEntity<Integer> deleteTree(final int treeId){
            return ResponseEntity.ok(treeRepository.deleteTree(treeId));
        }
        
        public ResponseEntity<Tree> getTree(final int treeId){
            return ResponseEntity.ok(treeRepository.getTree(treeId));
        }
       
        public ResponseEntity<MyPage<Tree>> getTrees(final int pageId,final int pageSize){
            List<Tree> trees = treeRepository.getTrees(new RowBounds(pageId,pageSize));
            MyPage<Tree> treeMyPage = new MyPage<>();
            treeMyPage.setPageId(pageId);
            treeMyPage.setPageSize(pageSize);
            treeMyPage.setBody(trees);
            return ResponseEntity.ok(treeMyPage);
        }
    }
    
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/tree")
    @Api(description = "树木接口")
    public class TreeApi {
       
        @Autowired
        private TreeService treeService;
        
        @RequestMapping(value = "/addTree",method = RequestMethod.PUT)
        @ApiOperation(value = "添加树木",notes = "添加新树木",httpMethod = "PUT")
        public ResponseEntity<Tree> addTree(final Tree tree){
            return treeService.addTree(tree);
        }
        
        @RequestMapping(value = "/updateTree",method = RequestMethod.POST)
        @ApiOperation(value = "更新状态",notes = "修改树木状态",httpMethod = "POST")
        public ResponseEntity<Tree> updateTree(final int treeId,final TreeState treeState){
            return treeService.updateTree(treeId,treeState);
        }
        
        @ApiOperation(value = "获取树木",notes = "根据ID获取一棵树",httpMethod = "GET")
        @RequestMapping(value = "/getTree",method = RequestMethod.GET)
        public ResponseEntity<Tree> getTree(final int treeId){
            return treeService.getTree(treeId);
        }
    }
    

    注意:这个例子中更新状态的时候还是无法成功,这个状态是枚举值。

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