【SpringBoot + Mybatis系列】Mapper接口注册的几种方式
SpringBoot项目中借助Mybatis来操作数据库,对大部分java技术栈的小伙伴来说,并不会陌生;我们知道,使用mybatis,一般会有下面几个
- Entity: 数据库实体类
- Mapper: db操作接口
- Service: 服务类
本片博文中的注解,放在Mapper上,你知道注册Mapper有几种方式么(这个问题像不像"茴"字有几个写法😬)
I. 环境准备
1. 数据库准备
使用mysql作为本文的实例数据库,新增一张表
CREATE TABLE `money` (
`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用户名',
`money` int(26) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '钱',
`is_deleted` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`create_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
`update_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `name` (`name`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
2. 项目环境
本文借助 SpringBoot 2.2.1.RELEASE
+ maven 3.5.3
+ IDEA
进行开发
pom依赖如下
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
db配置信息 application.yml
spring:
datasource:
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/story?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
username: root
password:
II. 实例演示
前面基础环境搭建完成,接下来准备下Mybatis的Entity,Mapper等基础类
1. 实体类,Mapper类
数据库实体类MoneyPo
@Data
public class MoneyPo {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Long money;
private Integer isDeleted;
private Timestamp createAt;
private Timestamp updateAt;
}
对应的Mapper接口(这里直接使用注解的方式来实现CURD)
public interface MoneyMapper {
/**
* 保存数据,并保存主键id
*
* @param po
* @return int
*/
@Options(useGeneratedKeys = true, keyProperty = "po.id", keyColumn = "id")
@Insert("insert into money (name, money, is_deleted) values (#{po.name}, #{po.money}, #{po.isDeleted})")
int save(@Param("po") MoneyPo po);
/**
* 更新
*
* @param id id
* @param money 钱
* @return int
*/
@Update("update money set `money`=#{money} where id = #{id}")
int update(@Param("id") int id, @Param("money") long money);
/**
* 删除数据
*
* @param id id
* @return int
*/
@Delete("delete from money where id = #{id}")
int delete(@Param("id") int id);
/**
* 主键查询
*
* @param id id
* @return {@link MoneyPo}
*/
@Select("select * from money where id = #{id}")
@Results(id = "moneyResultMap", value = {
@Result(property = "id", column = "id", id = true, jdbcType = JdbcType.INTEGER),
@Result(property = "name", column = "name", jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR),
@Result(property = "money", column = "money", jdbcType = JdbcType.INTEGER),
@Result(property = "isDeleted", column = "is_deleted", jdbcType = JdbcType.TINYINT),
@Result(property = "createAt", column = "create_at", jdbcType = JdbcType.TIMESTAMP),
@Result(property = "updateAt", column = "update_at", jdbcType = JdbcType.TIMESTAMP)})
MoneyPo getById(@Param("id") int id);
}
对应的Service类
@Slf4j
@Service
public class MoneyService {
@Autowired
private MoneyMapper moneyMapper;
public void basicTest() {
int id = save();
log.info("save {}", getById(id));
boolean update = update(id, 202L);
log.info("update {}, {}", update, getById(id));
boolean delete = delete(id);
log.info("delete {}, {}", delete, getById(id));
}
private int save() {
MoneyPo po = new MoneyPo();
po.setName("一灰灰blog");
po.setMoney(101L);
po.setIsDeleted(0);
moneyMapper.save(po);
return po.getId();
}
private boolean update(int id, long newMoney) {
int ans = moneyMapper.update(id, newMoney);
return ans > 0;
}
private boolean delete(int id) {
return moneyMapper.delete(id) > 0;
}
private MoneyPo getById(int id) {
return moneyMapper.getById(id);
}
}
2. 注册方式
注意,上面写完之后,若不通过下面的几种方式注册Mapper接口,项目启动会失败,提示找不到MoneyMapper对应的bean
Field moneyMapper in com.git.hui.boot.mybatis.service.MoneyService required a bean of type 'com.git.hui.boot.mybatis.mapper.MoneyMapper' that could not be found.
2.1 @MapperScan注册方式
在配置类or启动类上,添加@MapperScan
注解来指定Mapper接口的包路径,从而实现Mapper接口的注册
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.git.hui.boot.mybatis.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public Application(MoneyService moneyService) {
moneyService.basicTest();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class);
}
}
执行之后输出结果如下
2021-07-06 19:12:57.984 INFO 1876 --- [ main] c.g.h.boot.mybatis.service.MoneyService : save MoneyPo(id=557, name=一灰灰blog, money=101, isDeleted=0, createAt=2021-07-06 19:12:57.0, updateAt=2021-07-06 19:12:57.0)
2021-07-06 19:12:58.011 INFO 1876 --- [ main] c.g.h.boot.mybatis.service.MoneyService : update true, MoneyPo(id=557, name=一灰灰blog, money=202, isDeleted=0, createAt=2021-07-06 19:12:57.0, updateAt=2021-07-06 19:12:57.0)
2021-07-06 19:12:58.039 INFO 1876 --- [ main] c.g.h.boot.mybatis.service.MoneyService : delete true, null
注意:
- basePackages: 传入Mapper的包路径,数组,可以传入多个
- 包路径支持正则,如
com.git.hui.boot.*.mapper
- 上面这种方式,可以避免让我们所有的mapper都放在一个包路径下,从而导致阅读不友好
2.2 @Mapper 注册方式
前面的@MapperScan
指定mapper的包路径,这个注解则直接放在Mapper接口上
@Mapper
public interface MoneyMapper {
...
}
测试输出省略...
2.3 MapperScannerConfigurer注册方式
使用MapperScannerConfigurer
来实现mapper接口注册,在很久以前,还是使用Spring的xml进行bean的声明的时候,mybatis的mapper就是这么玩的
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="xxx"/>
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
</bean>
对应的java代码如下:
@Configuration
public class AutoConfig {
@Bean(name = "sqlSessionFactory")
public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
bean.setMapperLocations(
// 设置mybatis的xml所在位置,这里使用mybatis注解方式,没有配置xml文件
new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mapping/*.xml"));
return bean.getObject();
}
@Bean("sqlSessionTemplate")
public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory storySqlSessionFactory) {
return new SqlSessionTemplate(storySqlSessionFactory);
}
@Bean
public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer() {
MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer = new MapperScannerConfigurer();
mapperScannerConfigurer.setBasePackage("com.git.hui.boot.mybatis.mapper");
mapperScannerConfigurer.setSqlSessionFactoryBeanName("sqlSessionFactory");
mapperScannerConfigurer.setSqlSessionTemplateBeanName("sqlSessionTemplate");
return mapperScannerConfigurer;
}
}
测试输出省略
3. 小结
本文主要介绍Mybatis中Mapper接口的三种注册方式,其中常见的两种注解方式
-
@MapperScan
: 指定Mapper接口的包路径 -
@Mapper
: 放在mapper接口上 -
MapperScannerConfigurer
: 编程方式注册
那么疑问来了,为啥要介绍这三种方式,我们实际的业务开发中,前面两个基本上就满足了;什么场景会用到第三种方式?
- 如写通用的Mapper(类似Mybatis-Plus中的BaseMapper)
- 如一个Mapper,多数据源的场景(如主从库,冷热库,db的操作mapper一致,但是底层的数据源不同)
本文到此结束,关于上面两个场景的实例case,后面有空再补上,我是一灰灰,有缘再见(欢迎关注长草的公众号一灰灰blog
)
III. 不能错过的源码和相关知识点
0. 项目
- 工程:https://github.com/liuyueyi/spring-boot-demo
- 源码:https://github.com/liuyueyi/spring-boot-demo/tree/master/spring-boot/104-mybatis-ano
1. 一灰灰Blog
尽信书则不如,以上内容,纯属一家之言,因个人能力有限,难免有疏漏和错误之处,如发现bug或者有更好的建议,欢迎批评指正,不吝感激
下面一灰灰的个人博客,记录所有学习和工作中的博文,欢迎大家前去逛逛
- 一灰灰Blog个人博客 https://blog.hhui.top
- 一灰灰Blog-Spring专题博客 http://spring.hhui.top
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