Joan Baez唱的三首苏格兰民歌

最近沉迷于Joan Baez的歌声中无法自拔。在网易音乐建了个专门的歌单，把所有能找到的她的歌都囊括其中。耳朵一旦有了闲暇，我就戴上耳机，将自己沉浸在Joan Baez的歌声里。在多年前看过的《阿甘正传》中，曾与Joan Baez的歌声有一面之缘，可惜当时没有深入了解而错过了。如今再次听到她的歌，有一种相逢恨晚的感觉。

Joan Baez翻唱过不少各国的民歌，其中有几首苏格兰民歌尤其让我感兴趣：《House Carpenter》、《Henry Martin》、《Mary Hamilton》。之所以对这几首歌感兴趣，不仅因为旋律悠扬，而且每一首都叙述了一个故事，不是那种国王或者英雄的史诗，而是某个被遗忘在历史角落里的小人物的故事。

House Carpenter-Joan Baez-网易音乐

House Carpenter（翻译来自网易音乐）

"Well met, well met, my own true love“再见，再见，我的真爱

Well met, well met", cried he再见，再见。”他哭道

"I've just returned from the salt, salt sea“我才从死海上归来

All for the love of thee"全是因为我对你的爱。

I could have married the king's daughter dear我本可与国王的爱女成婚，

She would have married me她本会嫁给我，

But I have forsaken her crowns of gold但我却放弃了她的金冠，

All for the love of thee全是因为我对你的爱。

”Well, if you could have married“假如你娶了

The king's daughter dear国王的爱女，

I'm sure you are to blame你一定会被谴责的。

For I am married to a house carpenter因为我已与一位木匠结婚，

And find him a nice young man并且发现他是一位好小伙。

”Oh, will you forsake your house carpenter“哦，你愿意放弃你的木匠，

And go along with me?并同我离去吗？

I'll take you to where the grass grows green我会带你去那绿草如茵之地，

To the banks of the salt, salt sea去那死海岸边。

”Well, if I should forsake my house carpenter“假如我放弃了我的木匠，

And go along with thee并随你离去，

What have you got to maintain me on你有什么可以供养我，

And keep me from poverty?并让我远离贫困？

”Six ships, six ships all out on the sea“六艘船，六艘船都已在海上，

Seven more upon dry land还有第七艘在陆地上。

One hundred and ten all brave sailor men全部一百一十位勇敢的水手，

Will be at your command将听从你的指令。”

She picked up her own wee babe她抱起她的小宝宝，

Kisses gave him three吻了他三遍，

Said, "Stay right here with my house carpenter

说道：“在这和我的木匠待在一起，

And keep him good company"好好地陪伴他。

”Then she put on her rich attire然后她穿上她的华服，

So glorious to behold如此光彩夺目。

And as she trod along her way当她步行于路上时，

She shown like the glittering gold她如同金子般闪闪发光。

Well, they'd not been gone“他们并没有离去，

But about two weeks只不过离开了大约两周。

I know it was not three我清楚不是三周。

”When this fair lady began to weep当这位美丽的小姐开始哭泣，

She wept most bitterly她哭得最为悲痛。

Ah, why do you weep, my fair young maid“啊，你为何哭泣，我美丽的少女？

Weep it for your golden store?为了你的好商店吗？

Or do you weep for your house carpenter还是为了你再也不见的

Who never you shall see anymore?木匠而哭泣？

”I do not weep for my house carpenter“我并不是为了我的木匠而哭泣，

Or for any golden store也不是为了什么好商店。

I do weep for my own wee babe我是为了我再也见不到的

Who never I shall see anymore自己的小宝宝而哭。

”Well, they'd not been gone“他们并未离去，

But about three weeks只是离开了大约三周。

I'm sure it was not four我确定不是四周。

”Our gallant ship sprang a leak and sank我们堂皇的大船断裂然后沉没，

Never to rise anymore再也不会浮起。

One time around spun our gallant ship我们堂皇的大船旋转了一圈，

Two times around spun she她旋转了两圈，

Three times around spun our gallant ship我们堂皇的大船旋转了三圈，

And sank to the bottom of the sea然后沉入海底。

What hills, what hills are those, my love“那些小山是什么，我的爱人，

That rise so fair and high?如此美丽又高耸？

”Those are the hills of heaven, my love“那些是天堂的小山，我的爱人，

But not for you and I但不是你和我的。

”And what hills, what hills are those, my love“那些小丘又是什么，我的爱人，

Those hills so dark and low?如此阴暗又低矮？”

Those are the hills of hell, my love“那些是地狱的小丘，我的爱人，

Where you and I must go是你我的归宿。”

《House Carpenter》讲述了少妇遇到了过去的情人，情人用财富诱惑她抛弃丈夫（即House Carpenter）和孩子，坐船私奔到了海上，最后双双淹死在海里的故事。看了下维基百科，这首歌又名《The Daemon Lover》（恶魔爱人），诱惑少妇的情人其实是恶魔，这与结尾处的歌词Those are the hills of hell, my love.Where you and I must go相呼应。

又找来其他几个版本的《House Carpenter》来听，故事主线大致相同，歌词略有出入，演唱者的演绎却各具特色，各有风味。

这首民谣被Francis James Child收录在The English and Scottish Popular Ballads （Child Ballad）中。这个选集收录了305首英格兰和苏格兰民谣，包括下面的《Henry Martin》和《Mary Hamilton》。

Henry Martin-Joan Baez-网易音乐

最后一次海战

Henry Martin（自译歌词）

There were three brothers in merry Scotland

在快乐的苏格兰有三兄弟

In merry Scotland there were three

三兄弟在快乐的苏格兰

And they did cast lots which of them should go

Should go should go

And turn robber all on the salt sea

他们抓阄决定谁去盐海上当海盗

The lot it fell first upon Henry Martin

The youngest of all the three

三兄弟中最年轻的Henry Martin中了签

That he should turn robber all on the salt sea

Salt sea the salt sea

For to maintain his two brothers and he

为了养活自己和两个哥哥，他要去海上当海盗

They had not been sailing but a long winter's night

A part of a short winter's day

他们在昼短夜长的冬日里航行

When he espied a stout lofty ship

Lofty ship lofty ship

Come bibbing down on him straight way

突然看见有艘结实的大船出现在面前

Hello hello cried Henry Martin

What makes you sail so nigh

嗨嗨，Henry Martin大喊，你们为什么在这里航行?

I'm a rich merchant ship bound for fair London Town

London Town London Town

我是一艘富有的商船，要驶往美丽的伦敦城

Would you please for to let me pass by

求你让我通过吧

Oh no oh no cried Henry Martin

This thing it never could be

哦，不行不行，Henry Martin喊道，这样可不行

For I have turned robber all on the salt sea

Salt sea the salt sea

For to maintain my two brothers and me

为了养活我自己和两个哥哥，我已经在海上当了海盗

Come lower your tops'l and brail up your mizz'n

降下顶帆，困住后桅

And bring your ship under my lee

把你的船开过来

Or I will give you a full cannon ball

Cannon ball cannon ball

否则吃我一炮

And all your dear bodies drown in the salt sea

你们高贵的身子都会沉入盐海里

Oh no we won't lower our lofty topsail

Nor bring our ship under your lee

不，我们不会降下顶帆，也不会把船开过去

And you shan't take from us our rich merchant goods

Merchant goods merchant goods

你拿不走我们珍贵的货物

Nor point our bold guns to the sea

也不能迫使我们屈服

Then broadside and broadside and at it they went

For fully two hours or three

他们在海上周旋了足足两三个小时

Till Henry Martin gave to them deathshot

The deathshot the deathshot

然后Henry Martin给了对方致命一击

And straight to the bottom went she

船径直沉入海底

Bad news bad news to old England came

坏消息传到了古老的英格兰

Bad news to fair London Town

坏消息传到了美丽的伦敦城

There's been a rich vessel and she's cast away

Cast away cast away

一艘富有的大船沉没了

And all of her merry men drowned

船上可爱的人们都淹死了

《Henry Martin》讲的是三兄弟中的老幺Henry Martin为了生活而当海盗，劫掠并击沉了一艘驶往英格兰的商船的故事。据维基百科，这首歌的歌名和主角曾是Andrew Barton，后来才改成了Henry Martin。Andrew Barton曾在苏格兰国王詹姆斯四世的授权下，对葡萄牙商船进行武装劫掠。但因做得太过火被指控有罪，在经历了最后一次海战之后，被英格兰人杀死。在最初的版本的歌词中，叙述了Andrew Barton的生平，但后来逐渐变短，才有了现在的版本。

Mary Hamilton-Joan Baez-网易音乐

四个Mary

Mary Hamilton（自译歌词）

Word is to the kitchen gone, and word is to the Hall

流言传到了厨房，流言传到了大厅

And word is up to Madam the Queen, and that's the worst of all

最糟的是流言传到了皇后耳边

That Mary Hamilton has borne a babe

To the highest Stuart of all

Mary Hamilton为斯图尔特国王生了个孩子

Oh rise, arise Mary Hamilton

Arise and tell to me

噢，平身吧Mary Hamilton，平身然后告诉我

What thou hast done with thy wee babe

你对你的孩子做了什么？

I saw and heard weep by thee

我看见了你的眼泪，也听见了你的哭声

I put him in a tiny boat

我把他放到小船上

And cast him out to sea

让他漂向大海

That he might sink or he might swim

他可能沉入水中，也可能漂在海上

But he'd never come back to me

但他永远不能回到我身边了

Oh rise arise Mary Hamilton

Arise and come with me

噢，平身吧Mary Hamilton，平身然后跟我来

There is a wedding in Glasgow town

在格拉斯哥城里有场婚礼

This night we'll go and see

我们今晚去看看

She put not on her robes of black

她没有穿黑色的长袍

Nor her robes of brown

也没穿棕色的长袍

But she put on her robes of white

而是穿上了白色的长袍

To ride into Glasgow town

骑马去了格拉斯哥城

And as she rode into Glasgow town

The city for to see

她骑马进入格拉斯哥城时，整个城市都来看她

The bailiff's wife and the provost's wife

Cried Alack and alas for thee

地方长官的妻子和教务长的妻子都为你唉声叹气

You need not weep for me she cried

You need not weep for me

你们不用为我哭泣，她喊道

For had I not slain my own wee babe

This death I would not dee

因为如果我没有杀死自己的孩子，我也不会死。

Oh little did my mother think

When first she cradled me

The lands I was to travel in

And the death I was to dee

当我的母亲第一次把我放到摇篮里时，她不会想到我会去的地方和我的死亡

Last night I washed the Queen's feet

昨晚我为皇后洗脚

And put the gold in her hair

并为她戴上头上的金饰

And the only reward I find for this

我得到的唯一奖赏

The gallows to be my share

就是绞刑架

Cast off cast off my gown she cried

脱掉我的外衣，她喊道

But let my petticoat be

留下衬裙

And tie a napkin round my face

在我的脸上绑上餐巾

The gallows I would not see

这样我就看不见绞刑架了

Then by them come the king himself

这时国王来了

Looked up with a pitiful eye

带着怜悯的眼神抬头看

Come down come down Mary Hamillton

下来吧，Mary Hamillton，下来吧

Tonight you will dine with me

今晚与我共进晚餐

Oh hold your tongue my sovereign liege

噢，闭嘴吧，我尊敬的陛下

And let your folly be

你真是太荒唐了

For if you'd a mind to save my life

You'd never have shamed me here

如果你真想救我的命，就不会在这羞辱我了

Last night there were four marys

昨晚有四个mary

tonight there'll be but three

而今晚就只剩了三个

T'was Mary Beaton nd Mary Seton

And Mary Carmichael and me.

她们是Mary Beaton、Mary Seton、 Mary Carmichael，还有我

处刑前的Mary Hamilton

歌中的Mary Hamilton是苏格兰王后的侍女，怀了国王的孩子。她淹死了孩子，被判绞刑。在刑场她痛骂国王的虚伪，慷慨赴死。

有人考证过Mary Hamilton的真实身份。根据歌词结尾处出现的四个Mary，Mary Hamilton可能是苏格兰女王玛丽一世的侍女，她有四个名叫Mary的侍女。但玛丽一世的生平与歌词并不相符，而且在歌词中出现的是苏格兰国王，不是女王。与歌词最相符的人物在俄国，名叫Maria Danilova Gamentova。她是Tsarina Catherine，即后来叶卡捷琳娜一世的侍女，也是彼得一世的情妇。在叶卡捷琳娜还是彼得一世的妻子时候，Maria Danilova Gamentova曾溺毙了自己的孩子，后因堕胎、杀婴、偷窃和诽谤被判死刑，并被斩首。Maria Danilova Gamentova是苏格兰裔，家族姓氏为Hamilton。所以《Mary Hamilton》可能是从多个历史人物中吸取灵感，经过加工而创作出来的。

又看了看Maria Danilova Gamentova的介绍，除了彼得大帝之外，她还另有一个情夫Ivan Mikhailovich Orlov。为了留住情夫，她不惜从叶卡捷琳娜处偷东西送给Orlov。后因其他事情，Orlov供出了与Maria的关系，并指控她堕胎。搜查Maria的房间时，发现了叶卡捷琳娜失窃的物品。Maria承认了盗窃和杀婴的事情，但拒绝提供对Orlov不利的证词。Maria被判死刑后，叶卡捷琳娜向彼得求情但没有回应。Maria上刑场时穿的正是白色的衣服。她被人用剑斩首，而不是用斧子，因为彼得向她许诺刽子手不会触碰她的身体。斩首后，彼得大帝拿起头，作了一番关于解剖的演讲，亲了一下，然后扔掉了。之后Maria的头被保存在俄罗斯科学院中，一直到叶卡捷琳娜二世的时代。好一个痴情又薄命的红颜啊。

彼得大帝对解剖学和观看死刑的兴趣是他不为人知的一面，他的大儿子被处死时，监斩的也正是他自己。