学生管理系统应具备的功能
- 添加学生及成绩信息
- 将学生信息保存到文件中
- 修改和删除学生信息
- 查询学生信息
- 根据学生成绩进行排序
- 统计学生的总分
import os
filename = 'student.txt'
def main():
while True:
menum()
choice = int(input("请选择:"))
if choice in [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7]:
if choice==0:
answer = input("您确定要退出系统吗?y/n")
if answer == 'y' or answer == 'Y':
print("谢谢您的使用！")
break #退出系统
else:
continue
elif choice==1:
insert()
elif choice==2:
search()
elif choice==3:
delete()
elif choice==4:
modify()
elif choice ==5:
sort()
elif choice ==6:
total()
elif choice==7:
show()
def menum():
print("===============================学生信息管理系统===============================")
print("----------------------------------功能菜单-----------------------------------")
print("\t\t\t\t\t\t1.录入学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t\t2.查找学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t\t3.删除学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t\t4.修改学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t\t5.排序")
print("\t\t\t\t\t\t6.统计学生总人数")
print("\t\t\t\t\t\t7.显示所有学生信息")
print("\t\t\t\t\t\t0.退出")
print("----------------------------------------------------------------------------")
def save(lst):
try:
stu_txt = open(filename,'a',encoding='utf-8')#以追加的模式进行打开
except:
stu_txt = open(filename,'w',encoding = 'utf-8')
for item in lst:
stu_txt.write(str(item)+'\n')
stu_txt.close()
def insert():
student_list = []
while True:
id = input('请输入ID(如1001):')
if not id:
break
name = input("请输入姓名:")
if not name:
break
try:
english_score = int(input("请输入英语成绩:"))
python_score= int(input("请输入Python成绩:"))
java_score = int(input("请输入Java成绩:"))
except:
print("输入无效，不是整数类型，请重新输入...")
continue
#将录入的学生信息保存到字典中
student = {'id':id,'name':name,'english':english_score,'python':python_score,'java':java_score}
#将学生信息添加到列表中
student_list.append(student)
answer = input("是否将继续添加？y/n\n")
if answer=='y':
continue
else:
break
#调用save()函数
save(student_list)
print("学生信息录入完毕！！！")
def search():
student_query = []
while True:
id = ''
name = ''
if os.path.exists(filename):
mode = input("按ID查找请输入1，按姓名查找请输入2")
if mode =='1':
id = input("请输入学生ID")
elif mode =='2':
name = input("请输入学生姓名")
else:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入")
search()
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student = rfile.readlines()
for item in student:
d = dict(eval(item))
if id!='':
if d['id'] == id:
student_query.append(d)
if name!='':
if d['name'] ==name:
student_query.append(d)
#显示查询结果
show_student(student_query)
#清空列表
student_query.clear()
answer = input("是否继续查询y/n\n")
if answer=='y' or answer=='Y':
continue
else:
break
else:
print("暂未保存学生信息")
return
def show_student(lst):
if len(lst) ==0:
print("没有查询到学生信息，无数据显示！！！")
return
#定义标题显示格式
format_title = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
print(format_title.format('ID','姓名','英语成绩','Python成绩','Java成绩','总成绩'))
#定义内容显示格式
format_data = '{:^6}\t{:^12}\t{:^8}\t{:^10}\t{:^10}\t{:^8}'
for item in lst:
print(format_data.format(item.get('id'),
item.get('name'),
item.get('english'),
item.get('python'),
item.get('java'),
int(item.get('english'))+int(item.get('python'))+int(item.get('java'))
))
def delete():
while True:
student_id = input("请输入要删除的学生的ID：")
if student_id !='':
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as file:
student_old = file.readlines()#逐行读取，按行生成一个列表
else:
student_old =[]
flag = False#标记是否删除
if student_old:#判断原有文件内容是否为空，如果有内容就打开并写入东西
with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
d={}
for item in student_old:
d = dict(eval(item))#将字符串转换为字典
if d['id']!=student_id:
wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
else:
flag=True#定义这个标志，同时也没有将变量进行写入，即为删除
if flag:
print(f"id为{student_id}的学生信息已经被删除。")
else:
print(f"没有找到ID为{student_id}的学生信息。")
else:
print("无学生信息。")
break
show()#删完之后要重新显示学生信息
answer = input("是否继续删除？y/n\n")
if answer=='y' or answer == "Y":
continue
else:
break
def modify():
show()
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student_old = rfile.readlines()
else:
return
student_id = input("请输入要修改的学员的ID：")
with open(filename,'w',encoding='utf-8') as wfile:
for item in student_old:
d = dict(eval(item))
if d['id']==student_id:#找到要修改的相关id
print("找到学生信息，可以修改他的相关信息了！")
while True:
try:
d['name']=input("请输入姓名：")
d['english'] =input("请输入英语成绩：")
d['python'] = input("请输入Python成绩：")
d['Java'] = input("请输入Java成绩：")
except:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入！！！")
wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
print("修改成功")
else:
wfile.write(str(d)+"\n")
answer = input("是否继续修改其他学校信息？y/n\n")
if answer=='y' or answer =='Y':
modify()
def sort():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
student = rfile.readlines()
student_new = []
for item in student:
d = dict(eval(item))
student_new.append(d)
else:
return
asc_or_desc = input("请选择(0.升序 1.降序)")
if asc_or_desc=='0':
asc_or_desc_bool = False
pass
elif asc_or_desc=='1':
asc_or_desc_bool = True
pass
else:
print("您的输入有误，请重新输入！")
sort()
mode = input("请选择排序方式(1.按英语成绩排序 2.按Python成绩排序 3.按Java程序排序 0.按总成绩排序)")
if mode=='1':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:x['english'],reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='2':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:x['python'],reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode==3:
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:x['java'],reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
elif mode=='0':
student_new.sort(key=lambda x:x['english']+x['python']+x['java'],reverse=asc_or_desc_bool)
else:
print("你的输入有误，请重新输入")
sort()
show_student(student_new)
def total():
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
students = rfile.readlines()
if students:
print(f"一共有{len(students)}名学生")
else:
print("还没有录入学生信息")
else:
print("暂未存学生相关信息")
def show():
student_ls = []
if os.path.exists(filename):
with open(filename,'r',encoding='utf-8') as rfile:
students = rfile.readlines()
for item in students:
student_ls.append(eval(item))
if student_ls:
show_student(student_ls)
else:
print("还没有保存学生信息")
else:
print("没有发现相应数据文件")
if __name__ =='__main__':
main()
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