Spring Boot CLI的安装与使用

Java Web项目一般都比较重，不但有外部依赖，而且因为Java是静态语言，还需要编译后再打包才可以发布，每次遇到问题都需要重复这个过程。 本文介绍Spring Boot CLI可以实现快速的项目的开发和调试（不过语言使用了JVM上的Groovy）

安装

*Spring Boot CLI的安装方式有很多种，支持sdkman安装，在MacOS上也可以使用HomeBrew。本文介绍手工安装，Windows, Mac, Linux系统都可以使用。

• 下载压缩包

wget https://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-cli/2.2.2.RELEASE/spring-boot-cli-2.2.2.RELEASE.jar

也可以在https://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/boot/spring-boot-cli选择想要的版本，再下载

• 解压到目标目录

unzip spring-boot-cli-2.2.2.RELEASE-bin.zip -d ~/
mv ~/spring-2.2.2.RELEASE ~/spring-boot-cli

• 配置环境变量

echo SPRING_HOME=/home/tenmao/spring-boot-cli >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'PATH=$SPRING_HOME/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
spring --version

运行Groovy

• hello.groovy

@RestController
class WebApplication {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    String home() {
        "Hello World!\n"
    }
}

• 运行spring run hello.groovy

超级便捷，跟PHP、Python等动态语言一样，可以实现快速的项目部署。Spring Boot cli的grab机制，会自动去下载依赖的Jar包

[tenmao@VM_77_51_centos ~/spring-2.2.2.RELEASE]$ bin/spring run hello.groovy 
Resolving dependencies...........................

  .   ____          _            __ _ _
 /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
 \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
  '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
 =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
 :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.2.2.RELEASE)

2019-12-18 14:44:42.450  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Starting application on VM_77_51_centos with PID 32015 (started by tenmao in /data/home/tenmao/spring-2.2.2.RELEASE)
2019-12-18 14:44:42.456  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
2019-12-18 14:44:43.560  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
2019-12-18 14:44:43.578  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
2019-12-18 14:44:43.578  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet engine: [Apache Tomcat/9.0.29]
2019-12-18 14:44:43.626  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappLoader  : Unknown class loader [org.springframework.boot.cli.compiler.ExtendedGroovyClassLoader$DefaultScopeParentClassLoader@64765494] of class [class org.springframework.boot.cli.compiler.ExtendedGroovyClassLoader$DefaultScopeParentClassLoader]
2019-12-18 14:44:43.661  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
2019-12-18 14:44:43.661  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1015 ms
2019-12-18 14:44:43.875  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
2019-12-18 14:44:44.338  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.s.b.w.embedded.tomcat.TomcatWebServer  : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http) with context path ''
2019-12-18 14:44:44.342  INFO 32015 --- [       runner-0] o.s.boot.SpringApplication               : Started application in 2.566 seconds (JVM running for 35.992)
2019-12-18 14:44:59.802  INFO 32015 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2019-12-18 14:44:59.803  INFO 32015 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2019-12-18 14:44:59.810  INFO 32015 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 7 ms

默认是8080端口，也可以指定其他端口

spring run hello.groovy -- --server.port=9000

• 测试

[root@VM_77_51_centos ~]# curl http://localhost:8080/
Hello World!

其他高级命令

可以spring help查看其它命令及使用方法

[tenmao@VM_77_51_centos ~]$ spring help
usage: spring [--help] [--version] 
       <command> [<args>]

Available commands are:

  run [options] <files> [--] [args]
    Run a spring groovy script

  grab                
    Download a spring groovy script's dependencies to ./repository

  jar [options] <jar-name> <files>
    Create a self-contained executable jar file from a Spring Groovy script

  war [options] <war-name> <files>
    Create a self-contained executable war file from a Spring Groovy script

  install [options] <coordinates>
    Install dependencies to the lib/ext directory

  uninstall [options] <coordinates>
    Uninstall dependencies from the lib/ext directory

  init [options] [location]
    Initialize a new project using Spring Initializr (start.spring.io)

  encodepassword [options] <password to encode>
    Encode a password for use with Spring Security

  shell                
    Start a nested shell

Common options:

  --debug Verbose mode   
    Print additional status information for the command you are running

参考

• Spring Boot CLI
• Spring Boot CLI安装及使用
• https://sdkman.io/install