Android 弹出菜单示例#

这个示例展示如何使用PopupMenu来现实和一个弹出的菜单。

说明

这个示例展示一个水果的列表，每一个列表项均可以点击，每一个列表项的右边有一个图片按钮，点击该按钮，将弹出一个菜单。

这个示例运行在Android4.0以上，不支持Android4.0以下版本！

运行效果

Paste_Image.png

代码

latyout/activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<ListView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/list_fruits"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingLeft="16dp"
    android:paddingRight="16dp"/>

水果列表中每一个列表项的布局
layout/list_item.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:paddingTop="8dp"
    android:paddingBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/image_fruit"
        android:layout_width="52dp"
        android:layout_height="52dp"
        android:contentDescription="@string/image_fruit_des" />

    <TextView
        android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
        android:gravity="center_vertical"
        android:id="@+id/name_fruit"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceListItem" />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/popupButton"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="end|center_vertical"
        android:clickable="true"
        android:contentDescription="@string/image_popup"
        android:padding="8dp"
        android:src="@android:drawable/arrow_down_float" />

</LinearLayout>

values/strings.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<resources>

    <string name="app_name">弹出菜单示例</string>
    <string name="action_settings">设置</string>
    <string name="image_fruit_des">水果的图片</string>
    <string name="image_popup">弹出菜单按钮</string>
    <string name="menu_popup">删除</string>

</resources>

menu/popup_menu.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" >
<!--弹出删除菜单-->
<item 
    android:id="@+id/menu_popup_remove"
    android:title="@string/menu_popup"
    />
</menu>

src/你的应用的包名/Fruits.java

package com.ddzj.listpopupmenu;
/*
 * 数据源
 */
public class Fruits {
    // 水果的图片
    public static final int[] IMAGE_FRUITS_ID = {R.drawable.ic_apple,R.drawable.ic_apricot,
            R.drawable.ic_banana,R.drawable.ic_blueberry,R.drawable.ic_cherry,
            R.drawable.ic_chestnut,R.drawable.ic_dragonfruit,R.drawable.ic_grape,
            R.drawable.ic_grapefruit,R.drawable.ic_litchi,R.drawable.ic_loquat,
            R.drawable.ic_mango,R.drawable.ic_mulberry,R.drawable.ic_orange,
            R.drawable.ic_other_banana,R.drawable.ic_peach,R.drawable.ic_pineapple,
            R.drawable.ic_plum,R.drawable.ic_strawberry,R.drawable.ic_yangtao};
    // 水果的名字
    public static final String[] FRUITS={"苹果","杏子","香蕉","蓝莓","樱桃","栗子",
            "火龙果","葡萄","柚子","荔枝","枇杷","芒果","桑椹","橘子","芭蕉",
            "桃子","凤梨","李子","草莓","猕猴桃"};
}

src/你的应用的包名/MainActivity.java

package com.ddzj.listpopupmenu;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.PopupMenu;
import android.widget.PopupMenu.OnMenuItemClickListener;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnItemClickListener, OnClickListener {
    
    private ListView mListView; // 用户展示列表的ListView控件
    private SimpleAdapter mAdapter; // 数据与ListView之间的连接桥梁
    private List<Map<String, Object>> mFruitList ; // 存储数据的List
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        init();
    }

    /*
     * 初始化
     */
    private void init() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_fruits);
        mFruitList = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
        // 将数据添加到mFruitList中
        for (int i = 0,z=Fruits.FRUITS.length; i < z; i++) {
            Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
            map.put("image", Fruits.IMAGE_FRUITS_ID[i]);
            map.put("name", Fruits.FRUITS[i]);
            mFruitList.add(map);
        }
        /*
         * 创建适配器
         */
        mAdapter = new FruitAdapter(this, mFruitList, R.layout.list_item, 
                new String[]{"image","name"}, new int[]{R.id.image_fruit,R.id.name_fruit});
        mListView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
        mListView.setOnItemClickListener(this);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
        int id = item.getItemId();
        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
            return true;
        }
        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
    }

    /*
     * 当列表中的项被点击时，回调此方法
     */
    @Override
    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
        // 弹出吐司，告诉用户点击的水果名称
        Toast.makeText(this, Fruits.FRUITS[position], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
    
    /*
     * 自定义的适配器，继承自SimpleAdapter
     */
    class FruitAdapter extends SimpleAdapter{

        public FruitAdapter(Context context, List<? extends Map<String, ?>> data, int resource, String[] from,
                int[] to) {
            super(context, data, resource, from, to);
        }
        /*
         * 重写getView方法
         */
        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
            
            View view = super.getView(position, convertView, parent);
            View popupButton = view.findViewById(R.id.popupButton);
            popupButton.setOnClickListener(MainActivity.this);
            // getItem(position)，在数据集中得到与指定位置对应的数据项。即mFruitList中对应位置的数据
            // setTag(getItem(position));这里的是将getItem(position)返回的数据存储在popupButton中，
            // 以便后面可以通过getTag()得到该数据并将其从mFruitList中移除
            popupButton.setTag(getItem(position));
            return view;
        }
    }
    
    /*
     * 当列表项中最右边的向下按钮被点击时，回调此方法
     */
    @Override
    public void onClick(final View v) {
        // Causes the Runnable to be added to the message queue. The runnable will be run on the user interface thread.
        v.post(new Runnable() {
            
            @Override
            public void run() {
                // 弹出一个菜单
                showPopupMenu(v);
            }
        });
    }

    private void showPopupMenu(View v) {
        final Object tag = v.getTag(); // 得到我们存储在v中的数据
        PopupMenu popupMenu = new PopupMenu(MainActivity.this, v);
        popupMenu.getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.popup_menu, popupMenu.getMenu());
        popupMenu.setOnMenuItemClickListener(new OnMenuItemClickListener() {
            
            @Override
            public boolean onMenuItemClick(MenuItem item) {
                mFruitList.remove(tag); // 从mFruitList中移除
                mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); // 提醒适配器数据改变，要求刷新列表
                return true;
            }
        });
        popupMenu.show(); // 显示弹出菜单
    }
}