用户信息

---

layout: "post"
title: "用户模块"
date: "2018-04-11 09:02"

---

用户系统

注册

数据表：users.User
前端页面：register.html
注册流程：用户（浏览器）发起请求，django服务器接受请求，对收到的请求进行url解析，分配到users.urls中，users.urls进一步对地址进行解析，调用请求的视图函数（类）；

静态请求配置：

# settings.py

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')]

django确认请求静态文件：请求路径开始部分和STATIC_URL进行对比，相同则认为请求的是静态文件；

django静态文件查找路径：按照STATICFILES_DIRS的路径进行拼接查找，在应用目录下面的static目录下查找；

# /urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
import user.urls
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^users/',include(users.url,namespace='users'))
]

# /users/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from users import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^register$',views.RegisterView.as_view(),name='register')
]

templates配置：

# settings.py
'DIR':[os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')]

views代码：

/users/views.py
from django.views.generic import View
from django.shotcuts import render,redirect
from users.models import User
from django import db
from celery_tasks.tasks import send_active_email
import re

class RegisterView(View):
    def get(self,request):
        return render(request,"register.html")
    def post(self,request):
        # 获取参数
        username = request.POST.get("username")
        password = request.POST.get("pwd")
        email = request.POST.get("email")
        allow = request.POST.get("allow")
        # 参数校验
        if not all([username,password,email]):
            return redirect(reverse("users:register"))
        if not re.match(r'^[a-z0-9][\w\.\-]*@[a-z0-9\-]+(\.[a-z]{1,2}$)',email):
            return render(request,"register.html",{"message":"邮箱格式不正确"})
        if allow != "on":
            return render(request,"register.html",{"message":"请勾选协议"})
        # 业务逻辑
        try:
            user = User.objects.create_user(username,email,password)
        except db.IntegrityError:
            return render(request,"register.html",{"message":"用户已经注册"})
        user.is_active = False
        user.save()
        # 生成token
        token = user.generate_active_token()
        # 发送激活邮件
        send_active_email.delay(email,user_name,token)
        # 返回前端页面
        return redirect(reverse("goods:index"))

template页面代码略

### 激活
celery配置

生成激活码：

    # /users/models.py
    from itsdangerous import TimedJSONWebSignatureSerializer as Serializer
    from django.conf import settings
    from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser
    from utils.models import BaseModel

    class User(AbstractUser,BaseModel):
        def generate_active_token(self):
            s = Serialize(settings.SECRET_KEY,3600)
            data = {"confirm":self.id}
            token = s.dumps(data)
            return token.decode()

url配置

# /users/urls.py
url(r'^active/(?P<token>.+)$',views.ActiveView.as_view(),name='active')

views代码：

# users/views.py
from django.conf import settings
from itsdangerous import TimedJSONWebSignatureSerializer as Serialize,SignatureExpired
from django.http import HttpResponse

class ActiveView(View):
    def get(self,request,token):
        s = Serialize(settings.SECRET_KEY,3600)
        try:
            ret = s.loads(token)
        except SignatureExpired:
            return HttpResponse("激活链接已过期")
        user_id =ret.get("confirm")

        try:
            user = User.objects.get(id=user_id)
            user.is_active = True
            user.save()
        except User.DoesNotExist；
            return HttpResponse("用户不存在")
        return HttpResponse("这是登陆页面")

发送邮件

邮箱网页中需要开启smtp协议

# settings.py
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.126.com'
EMAIL_PORT = 25
EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'funkypython@126.com'
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'MFB012315sf'
EMAIL_FROM = '天天项目<tiantian@126.com>'

celery代码：

# /celety_tasks/tasks.py
from celery import Celery
import os
os.emviron["DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODEL"] = "dailyfresh.settings"
# 放到celery服务器上时将注释打开，在django运行时不需要，在celery服务器上面运行时，celery执行自己的脚本文件，所以需要初始化一下django的变量；
# import django
# django.setup()
from django.core.mail import send_mail
from django.conf import settings
# 创建celery应用对象
app = Celery("celery_tasks.tasks",broker="redis://10.211.55.5/4")
@app.task
def send_active_email(to_email,user_name,token):
    """发送激活邮件"""
    subject = "天天生鲜用户激活" # 标题
    body = "" # 文本邮件体
    sender = settings.EMAIL_FROM # 发件人
    receiver = [to_email]  # 接收人
    html_body = '<h1>尊敬的用户 %s,感谢您注册天天生鲜</h1>'\
        '<br/><p>请点击此链接激活账号<a href="http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/active/%s">'\
        'http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/active/%s</a></p>' % (user_name,token,token)
    send_mail(subject,body,sender,receiver,html_message=html_body)

开启celery服务器

celery -A celery_tasks.tasks worker -l info
#celery -A celery_tasks.tasks worker --loglevel=info

指明把tasks这个任务对象交给worker处理，如果运行过程中出现问题，就已loglevel=info的规格显示出来，即普通文件的形式；

登录

数据表：user.models.User
前端页面： login.html
登录流程：用户（浏览器）发送请求，django服务器接受请求，对收到的请求进行url解析，分配到user.urls中，user.urls进一步对地址进行解析，调用请求的视图函数（类）；
缓存配置：django封装了Login方法，但是默认将登录用户的信息session存放到MySQL中，本项目更改到redis中；

# 缓存
CACHES = {
    "default":{
        "BACKEND":"django_redis.cache.RedisCache",
        "LOCAATION":"redis://127.0.0.1:6379/5",
        "OPTIONS":{
            "CLIENT_CLASS":"django_redis.client.DefaultClient",
        }
    }
}

# Session
SESSION_ENGINE = "django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache"
SESSION_CACHS_ALIAS = "default"

配置url:

# /users/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url
from users import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^login$',views.LoginView.as_view(),name='login'),
]

视图函数：

/users/views.py
from django.views.generic import View
from django.shotcuts import render,redirect
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login,logout

class LoginView(View):
    def get(self,request):
        return render(request,"login.html")
    def post(self,request):
        # 获取参数
        username = request.POST.get("username")
        password = request.POST.get("word")
        remembered = request.POST.get("remembered")
        # 校验参数
        if not all([username,password]):
            return redirect(recerse("users:login"))
        user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
        if user is None:
            return render(request,"login.html",{"errmsg":"用户名或密码错误"})
        if user.is_active is False:
            return render(request,"login.html",{"errmsg":"用户未激活"})
        # 业务处理
        login(request,user)
        if remembered != "on":
            request.session.set_expiry(0)
        else:
            request.session.set_expiry(None)
        # 返回用户
        return redirect(reverse("goods:index"))

templates页面略

退出

删除浏览器中的cookie和session_id

配置url:

# /users/urls.py
from django.urls import url 
from users import views 
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^logout$',views.LogoutView.as_view(),name='logout'),
]

# /users/views.py
class LogoutView(View)；
    def get(self,request):
        logout(request)
        return redirect(reverse("goods；index"))