一.简介
在Web应用开发中，安全一直是非常重要的一个方面。Spring Security基于Spring框架，提供了一套Web应用安全性的完整解决方案。JWT（JSON Web Token）是当前比较主流的Token令牌生成方案，非常适合作为登录和授权认证的凭证。
二.依赖添加
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
<artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
<version>0.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.58</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
<artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
</dependency>
三.添加配置类
新建一个Spring Security的配置类WebSecurityConfig，做一些安全相关的配置。
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint;
@Autowired
private UserDetailsService jwtUserDetailsService;
@Autowired
private JwtRequestFilter jwtRequestFilter;
@Autowired
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
// configure AuthenticationManager so that it knows from where to load
// user for matching credentials
// Use BCryptPasswordEncoder
auth.userDetailsService(jwtUserDetailsService).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}
@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}
@Bean
@Override
public AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {
return super.authenticationManagerBean();
}
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {
// We don't need CSRF for this example
httpSecurity.csrf().disable()
// dont authenticate this particular request
.authorizeRequests().antMatchers("/auth/*", "/register/*").permitAll().
// all other requests need to be authenticated
anyRequest().authenticated().and().
// make sure we use stateless session; session won't be used to
// store user's state.
exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint).and().sessionManagement()
.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
// Add a filter to validate the tokens with every request
httpSecurity.addFilterBefore(jwtRequestFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
}
}
四.JWT过滤器
每次请求都会先到JwtRequestFilter的doFilterInternal方法中，校验Header头里面是否携带jwt token以及识别token中的用户信息，调用loadUserByUsername方法,查询数据库中该用户所拥有的权限信息，存储到Spring Security的UserDetail中，接下来校验用户名密码是否正确，校验完存储到Security的上下文中。
@Component
public class JwtRequestFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
@Autowired
private JwtUserDetailsService jwtUserDetailsService;
@Autowired
private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
@Override
protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain)
throws ServletException, IOException {
final String requestTokenHeader = request.getHeader("Authorization");
String username = null;
String jwtToken = null;
// JWT Token is in the form "Bearer token". Remove Bearer word and get
// only the Token
if (requestTokenHeader != null && requestTokenHeader.startsWith("Bearer ")) {
jwtToken = requestTokenHeader.substring(7);
try {
username = jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromToken(jwtToken);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
System.out.println("Unable to get JWT Token");
} catch (ExpiredJwtException e) {
System.out.println("JWT Token has expired");
}
} else {
logger.warn("JWT Token does not begin with Bearer String");
}
// Once we get the token validate it.
if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
UserDetails userDetails = this.jwtUserDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
// if token is valid configure Spring Security to manually set
// authentication
if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(jwtToken, userDetails)) {
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
.setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
// After setting the Authentication in the context, we specify
// that the current user is authenticated. So it passes the
// Spring Security Configurations successfully.
SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken);
}
}
chain.doFilter(request, response);
}
}
@Service
public class JwtUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {
@Resource
private SysUserDao sysUserDao;
@Resource
private SysUserRoleDao sysUserRoleDao;
@Resource
private SysRolePermissionDao sysRolePermissionDao;
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
SysUser sysUser = sysUserDao.findByUsername(username);
System.out.println("=======================");
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(sysUser)){
throw new UsernameNotFoundException("SysUser not found with username: " + username);
}else{
List<SysRole> userRoles = sysUserRoleDao.findRoleListByUserId(sysUser.getUserId());
Set<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new HashSet<>();
for (SysRole role:userRoles){
List<SysPermission> permissions = sysRolePermissionDao.findPermissionListByRoleId(role.getRoleId());
permissions.stream().forEach(auth->{
authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(auth.getPermissionName()));
});
}
return new User(username, sysUser.getPassword(), authorities);
}
}
}
五.注册
@RestController
@CrossOrigin(allowCredentials = "true")
@RequestMapping("/register")
public class RegisterController {
@Autowired
private RegisterService registerService;
@PostMapping("/addUser")
public JSONObject register(String username, String password){
registerService.registerNewUser(username, password);
return JsonUtil.toJSONObject(true, "200", "新增用户成功", "");
}
}
六.登录
账号密码登录成功可以获取jwt token，之后访问后端其他接口服务，直接在header头里面携带该token就可以了
/*
*
* 账号密码登录
*
* */
@PostMapping("/login")
public JSONObject createAuthenticationToken(JwtRequest authenticationRequest) throws Exception {
authenticate(authenticationRequest.getUsername(), authenticationRequest.getPassword());
final UserDetails userDetails = userDetailsService
.loadUserByUsername(authenticationRequest.getUsername());
final String token = jwtTokenUtil.generateToken(userDetails);
return JsonUtil.toJSONObject(true, "200", "登录成功", "Bearer " + token);
}
@Component
public class JwtTokenUtil implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2550185165626007488L;
@Value("${jwt.token_validity}")
private long JWT_TOKEN_VALIDITY;
@Value("${jwt.secret}")
private String secret;
//retrieve username from jwt token
public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {
return getClaimFromToken(token, Claims::getSubject);
}
//retrieve expiration date from jwt token
public Date getExpirationDateFromToken(String token) {
return getClaimFromToken(token, Claims::getExpiration);
}
public <T> T getClaimFromToken(String token, Function<Claims, T> claimsResolver) {
final Claims claims = getAllClaimsFromToken(token);
return claimsResolver.apply(claims);
}
//for retrieveing any information from token we will need the secret key
private Claims getAllClaimsFromToken(String token) {
return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
}
//check if the token has expired
private Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
final Date expiration = getExpirationDateFromToken(token);
return expiration.before(new Date());
}
//generate token for user
public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
Map<String, Object> claims = new HashMap<>();
return doGenerateToken(claims, userDetails.getUsername());
}
//while creating the token -
//1. Define claims of the token, like Issuer, Expiration, Subject, and the ID
//2. Sign the JWT using the HS512 algorithm and secret key.
//3. According to JWS Compact Serialization(https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-jose-json-web-signature-41#section-3.1)
// compaction of the JWT to a URL-safe string
private String doGenerateToken(Map<String, Object> claims, String subject) {
return Jwts.builder().setClaims(claims).setSubject(subject).setIssuedAt(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()))
.setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + JWT_TOKEN_VALIDITY * 1000))
.signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret).compact();
}
//validate token
public Boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
final String username = getUsernameFromToken(token);
return (username.equals(userDetails.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token));
}
}
七.测试
@RestController
@CrossOrigin(allowCredentials = "true")
public class TestController {
@GetMapping("/test")
@PreAuthorize("hasAuthority('user_query')")
public JSONObject hello(){
Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
String name = authentication.getName();
System.out.println(authentication.getAuthorities());
return JsonUtil.toJSONObject(true, "200", "", "hello," + name);
}
@GetMapping("/testAuth")
@PreAuthorize("hasAuthority('admin_query')")
public JSONObject helloAuth(){
Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();
String name = authentication.getName();
System.out.println(authentication.getAuthorities());
return JsonUtil.toJSONObject(true, "200", "", "hello," + name);
}
}
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