1. 前言
在 [mydocker]---网络虚拟设备veth bridge iptables 上文中已经测试了
docker网络中需要用的一些技术。所以在此基础上可以用这些技术来理解一下docker的四种网络模型.
容器的四种网络模式:
bridge 桥接模式、host 模式、container 模式和 none 模式
启动容器时可以使用 --net 参数指定,默认是桥接模式。
1.1 前期准备
创建一个网桥
br0用于后续的测试.
root@nicktming:~# ifconfig
docker0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 56:84:7a:fe:97:99
inet addr:172.17.42.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:58:9a:c3
inet addr:172.19.16.7 Bcast:172.19.31.255 Mask:255.255.240.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8386208 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:6894776 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4214874094 (4.2 GB) TX bytes:4314912989 (4.3 GB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:5452 (5.4 KB) TX bytes:5452 (5.4 KB)
// 创建网桥br0
root@nicktming:~# ip link add name br0 type bridge
root@nicktming:~# ip link set br0 up
root@nicktming:~# ip addr add 192.168.2.1/24 dev br0
root@nicktming:~# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 172.19.16.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
172.19.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0
root@nicktming:~# ifconfig
br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 12:72:4e:b9:6d:f6
inet addr:192.168.2.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
docker0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 56:84:7a:fe:97:99
inet addr:172.17.42.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:58:9a:c3
inet addr:172.19.16.7 Bcast:172.19.31.255 Mask:255.255.240.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8399220 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:6908349 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4216650910 (4.2 GB) TX bytes:4317543341 (4.3 GB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:58 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:5452 (5.4 KB) TX bytes:5452 (5.4 KB)
root@nicktming:~#
因为已经安装了
docker, 所以有个网桥docker0, 并且地址为172.17.42.1, 掩码为255.255.0.0, 所以cidr地址为172.17.42.1/16.
当然宿主机需要开启
ip_forward功能,echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward.
// 加入iptables 规则
root@nicktming:~# iptables -t nat -vnL POSTROUTING
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 3404 packets, 208K bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
7 474 MASQUERADE all -- * !docker0 172.17.0.0/16 0.0.0.0/0
root@nicktming:~# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
root@nicktming:~# iptables -t nat -vnL POSTROUTING
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 1 packets, 60 bytes)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
7 474 MASQUERADE all -- * !docker0 172.17.0.0/16 0.0.0.0/0
0 0 MASQUERADE all -- * eth0 192.168.2.0/24 0.0.0.0/0
root@nicktming:~#
2 bridge 桥接模式
2.1 docker 桥接模型
创建两个容器并进行测试.
root@nicktming:~# docker run -d --name container01 busybox top
3b5d2352935e6572268f4ad94525ad11300bf5760cae2613bbcd230482884631
root@nicktming:~# docker run -d --name container02 busybox top
6998224ba1cb16b29cc06d43ebd1f172916e26b4ecee6817340b5b4f0ec528fc
root@nicktming:~#
root@nicktming:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6998224ba1cb busybox:latest "top" 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds container02
3b5d2352935e busybox:latest "top" 7 seconds ago Up 6 seconds container01
root@nicktming:~# docker exec container01 ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:03
inet addr:172.17.0.3 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:3/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:648 (648.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
root@nicktming:~#
root@nicktming:~# docker exec container02 ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:42:AC:11:00:04
inet addr:172.17.0.4 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::42:acff:fe11:4/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:140 (140.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
root@nicktming:~#
root@nicktming:~# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:58:9a:c3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP mode DEFAULT group default
link/ether 56:84:7a:fe:97:99 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
14: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN mode DEFAULT group default
link/ether 12:72:4e:b9:6d:f6 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
20: veth7ab162a: <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default
link/ether ea:bb:fa:eb:23:72 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
22: veth24562cc: <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue master docker0 state UP mode DEFAULT group default
link/ether ce:cf:34:06:49:ef brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
root@nicktming:~# brctl show
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces
br0 8000.000000000000 no
docker0 8000.56847afe9799 no veth24562cc
veth7ab162a
创建了两个容器分别为
container01和container02,container01的ip地址为172.17.0.3,container02的ip地址为172.17.0.4.
bridge-mode-01.png
2.1.1 从宿主机访问容器
root@nicktming:~# ping -c 1 172.17.0.4
PING 172.17.0.4 (172.17.0.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.17.0.4: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
--- 172.17.0.4 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.058/0.058/0.058/0.000 ms
root@nicktming:~# ping -c 1 172.17.0.3
PING 172.17.0.3 (172.17.0.3) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.17.0.3: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.050 ms
--- 172.17.0.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.050/0.050/0.050/0.000 ms
2.1.1 容器访问外部
容器访问外部包括别的容器, 宿主机, 互联网服务.
root@nicktming:~# docker exec -it container01 sh
// 可以看到默认网关为宿主机中网桥docker0的ip
/ # route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default 172.17.42.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
172.17.0.0 * 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
// 此容器的ip
/ # ip addr show dev eth0
19: eth0: <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue
link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:03 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.3/16 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:3/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
// 访问容器container02
/ # ping -c 1 172.17.0.4
PING 172.17.0.4 (172.17.0.4): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.17.0.4: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.081 ms
--- 172.17.0.4 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.081/0.081/0.081 ms
// 访问容器本身ip
/ # ping -c 1 172.17.0.3
PING 172.17.0.3 (172.17.0.3): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.17.0.3: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
--- 172.17.0.3 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.053/0.053/0.053 ms
// 访问容器本身ip
/ # ping -c 1 127.0.0.1
PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.040 ms
--- 127.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.040/0.040/0.040 ms
// 访问宿主机ip
/ # ping -c 1 172.19.16.7
PING 172.19.16.7 (172.19.16.7): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.19.16.7: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.053 ms
--- 172.19.16.7 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.053/0.053/0.053 ms
/ #
// 访问宿主机网桥docker0 ip
/ # ping -c 1 172.17.42.1
PING 172.17.42.1 (172.17.42.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.17.42.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.046 ms
--- 172.17.42.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.046/0.046/0.046 ms
// 访问互联网服务
/ # ping -c 1 www.baidu.com
PING www.baidu.com (119.63.197.139): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 119.63.197.139: seq=0 ttl=51 time=56.129 ms
--- www.baidu.com ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 56.129/56.129/56.129 ms
/ # exit
root@nicktming:~#
之所以可以访问互联网服务是因为宿主机中开启了
ip_forward功能并且加入了一条MASQUERADE规则.
root@nicktming:~# cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
1
root@nicktming:~# iptables -t nat -vnL POSTROUTING --line
Chain POSTROUTING (policy ACCEPT 18 packets, 1130 bytes)
num pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
1 7 474 MASQUERADE all -- * !docker0 172.17.0.0/16 0.0.0.0/0
2.2 手动实现
手动实现.png
2.2.1添加network namespace
root@nicktming:~# ip netns add ns1
root@nicktming:~# ip netns add ns2
root@nicktming:~# ip netns list
ns2
ns1
root@nicktming:~# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 172.19.16.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
172.19.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0
// 创建veth pair
root@nicktming:~# ip link add veth0 type veth peer name veth1
// 将veth1 加入到ns1 namespace中
root@nicktming:~# ip link set veth1 netns ns1
// 将veth0 attach到br0上
root@nicktming:~# brctl addif br0 veth0
root@nicktming:~# bridge link
20: veth7ab162a state UP : <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 master docker0 state forwarding priority 32 cost 2
22: veth24562cc state UP : <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 master docker0 state forwarding priority 32 cost 2
26: veth0 state DOWN : <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 master br0 state disabled priority 32 cost 2
root@nicktming:~# ip link set veth0 up
root@nicktming:~# bridge link
20: veth7ab162a state UP : <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 master docker0 state forwarding priority 32 cost 2
22: veth24562cc state UP : <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 master docker0 state forwarding priority 32 cost 2
26: veth0 state UP : <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 master br0 state forwarding priority 32 cost 2
2.2.2 配置ns1
root@nicktming:~# ip netns exec ns1 sh
# ifconfig
# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 65536 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
25: veth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether ee:e2:da:93:d3:a5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
# ip link set veth1 name eth0
# ip addr add 192.168.2.10/24 dev eth0
# ip set eth0 up
Object "set" is unknown, try "ip help".
# ip link set eth0 up
# ip link set lo up
# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
# route add default gw 192.168.2.1
# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
// 服务网桥br0
# ping -c 1 192.168.2.1
PING 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms
--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.039/0.039/0.039/0.000 ms
// 访问宿主机ip
# ping -c 1 172.19.16.7
PING 172.19.16.7 (172.19.16.7) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.19.16.7: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.051 ms
--- 172.19.16.7 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.051/0.051/0.051/0.000 ms
#
// 访问互联网服务
# ping -c 1 www.baidu.com
PING www.wshifen.com (119.63.197.139) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 119.63.197.139: icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=56.1 ms
--- www.wshifen.com ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 56.122/56.122/56.122/0.000 ms
# exit
You have stopped jobs.
# exit
root@nicktming:~#
2.2.3 配置ns2
root@nicktming:~# ip link add veth2 type veth peer name veth3
root@nicktming:~# brctl addif br0 veth2
root@nicktming:~# ip link set veth2 up
root@nicktming:~# ip link set veth3 netns ns2
root@nicktming:~#
root@nicktming:~# ip netns exec ns2 sh
# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK> mtu 65536 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
27: veth3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
link/ether 6a:63:04:50:2d:04 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
# ip link set veth3 name eth0
# ip addr add 192.168.2.20/24 dev eth0
# ip link set eth0 up
# ip link set lo up
# route add default gw 192.168.2.1
# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 6a:63:04:50:2d:04
inet addr:192.168.2.20 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::6863:4ff:fe50:2d04/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:648 (648.0 B)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
// 服务网桥br0
# ping -c 1 192.168.2.1
PING 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.057 ms
--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.057/0.057/0.057/0.000 ms
// 访问另外一个namespace ns1
# ping -c 1 192.168.2.10
PING 192.168.2.10 (192.168.2.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.061 ms
--- 192.168.2.10 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.061/0.061/0.061/0.000 ms
// 访问本namespace ns2
# ping -c 1 192.168.2.20
PING 192.168.2.20 (192.168.2.20) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.20: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.032 ms
--- 192.168.2.20 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.032/0.032/0.032/0.000 ms
// 访问自己
# ping -c 1 127.0.0.1
PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.026 ms
--- 127.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.026/0.026/0.026/0.000 ms
// 访问宿主机ip
# ping -c 1 172.19.16.7
PING 172.19.16.7 (172.19.16.7) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.19.16.7: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.039 ms
--- 172.19.16.7 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.039/0.039/0.039/0.000 ms
// 访问互联网服务
# ping -c 1 www.baidu.com
PING www.wshifen.com (119.63.197.151) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 119.63.197.151: icmp_seq=1 ttl=51 time=54.7 ms
--- www.wshifen.com ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 54.755/54.755/54.755/0.000 ms
# exit
root@nicktming:~#
2.2.3 从宿主机访问此两个namespace
root@nicktming:~# ping -c 1 192.168.2.10
PING 192.168.2.10 (192.168.2.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.078 ms
--- 192.168.2.10 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.078/0.078/0.078/0.000 ms
root@nicktming:~# ping -c 1 192.168.2.20
PING 192.168.2.20 (192.168.2.20) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.20: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.038 ms
--- 192.168.2.20 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.038/0.038/0.038/0.000 ms
2.2.4 ns1 访问 ns2
因为
ns2是在ns1后面配置的,ns2访问ns1没有问题, 看看ns1访问ns2.
root@nicktming:~# ip netns exec ns1 ping -c 1 192.168.2.20
PING 192.168.2.20 (192.168.2.20) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.20: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.066 ms
--- 192.168.2.20 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.066/0.066/0.066/0.000 ms
root@nicktming:~# ip netns exec ns1 ping -c 1 192.168.2.10
PING 192.168.2.10 (192.168.2.10) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.037 ms
--- 192.168.2.10 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.037/0.037/0.037/0.000 ms
root@nicktming:~# ip netns exec ns1 ping -c 1 127.0.0.1
PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms
--- 127.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.027/0.027/0.027/0.000 ms
root@nicktming:~#
3 host 模式
3.1 docker host模型
3.1.1 创建host模型的容器
// 宿主机默认的network namespace
root@nicktming:~# echo $$
9493
root@nicktming:~# readlink /proc/9493/ns/net
net:[4026531956]
root@nicktming:~#
root@nicktming:~# docker run -d --name container03-host --net host busybox top
07d642f06fa0713a2f0be86d45c7a0e7cbfabbfde16892e56e3726bed8a0c1ab
root@nicktming:~#
root@nicktming:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
07d642f06fa0 busybox:latest "top" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds container03-host
6998224ba1cb busybox:latest "top" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours container02
3b5d2352935e busybox:latest "top" 2 hours ago Up 2 hours container01
3.1.2 访问外部网络
// 可以看到该容器与宿主机默认的network namespace是一样的
// 所以该容器container03-host在启动的时候并没有做网络隔离
root@nicktming:~# docker exec -it container03-host sh
/ # echo $$
9
/ # readlink /proc/9/ns/net
net:[4026531956]
// 与宿主机网络一样
/ # ifconfig
br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 72:DB:A5:4A:F8:1D
inet addr:192.168.2.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:47 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:42 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2708 (2.6 KiB) TX bytes:3014 (2.9 KiB)
docker0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 56:84:7A:FE:97:99
inet addr:172.17.42.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:41 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:22 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2482 (2.4 KiB) TX bytes:2123 (2.0 KiB)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:58:9A:C3
inet addr:172.19.16.7 Bcast:172.19.31.255 Mask:255.255.240.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:9364254 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7459224 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4992473581 (4.6 GiB) TX bytes:5021383698 (4.6 GiB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:60 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:5676 (5.5 KiB) TX bytes:5676 (5.5 KiB)
veth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr F2:62:19:96:44:FE
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:32 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:36 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2236 (2.1 KiB) TX bytes:2645 (2.5 KiB)
veth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 72:DB:A5:4A:F8:1D
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:26 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:22 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1816 (1.7 KiB) TX bytes:1577 (1.5 KiB)
veth24562cc Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr CE:CF:34:06:49:EF
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:970 (970.0 B) TX bytes:504 (504.0 B)
veth7ab162a Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr EA:BB:FA:EB:23:72
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:31 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:32 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2228 (2.1 KiB) TX bytes:2855 (2.7 KiB)
/ # route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 172.19.16.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
172.19.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0
/ # ping -c 1 192.168.2.1
PING 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.042 ms
--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.042/0.042/0.042 ms
/ # ping -c 1 192.168.2.10
PING 192.168.2.10 (192.168.2.10): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.2.10: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.058 ms
--- 192.168.2.10 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.058/0.058/0.058 ms
/ # ping -c 1 192.168.2.20
PING 192.168.2.20 (192.168.2.20): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.2.20: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.051 ms
--- 192.168.2.20 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.051/0.051/0.051 ms
/ # ping -c 1 127.0.0.1
PING 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 127.0.0.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.044 ms
--- 127.0.0.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.044/0.044/0.044 ms
/ # ping -c 1 172.17.42.1
PING 172.17.42.1 (172.17.42.1): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.17.42.1: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.044 ms
--- 172.17.42.1 ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0.044/0.044/0.044 ms
/ # ping -c 1 www.baidu.com
PING www.baidu.com (119.63.197.151): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 119.63.197.151: seq=0 ttl=52 time=54.741 ms
--- www.baidu.com ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 54.741/54.741/54.741 ms
/ #
/ # exit
root@nicktming:~#
3.2 unshare 实现
由于不需要网络隔离, 但是容器
container03-host有其余的隔离. 可以用unshare来创建一个不带网络隔离的进程.
root@nicktming:~# unshare sh
# ifconfig
br0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 72:db:a5:4a:f8:1d
inet addr:192.168.2.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:53 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:48 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2988 (2.9 KB) TX bytes:3378 (3.3 KB)
docker0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 56:84:7a:fe:97:99
inet addr:172.17.42.1 Bcast:0.0.0.0 Mask:255.255.0.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:41 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:22 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2482 (2.4 KB) TX bytes:2123 (2.1 KB)
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 52:54:00:58:9a:c3
inet addr:172.19.16.7 Bcast:172.19.31.255 Mask:255.255.240.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:9375579 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7470707 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:4995739054 (4.9 GB) TX bytes:5025230121 (5.0 GB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:66 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:66 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:6180 (6.1 KB) TX bytes:6180 (6.1 KB)
veth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr f2:62:19:96:44:fe
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:35 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:40 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2418 (2.4 KB) TX bytes:2925 (2.9 KB)
veth2 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 72:db:a5:4a:f8:1d
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:29 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:26 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:1998 (1.9 KB) TX bytes:1857 (1.8 KB)
veth24562cc Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr ce:cf:34:06:49:ef
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:970 (970.0 B) TX bytes:504 (504.0 B)
veth7ab162a Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr ea:bb:fa:eb:23:72
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:31 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:32 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:2228 (2.2 KB) TX bytes:2855 (2.8 KB)
# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 172.19.16.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker0
172.19.16.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.240.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 br0
# exit
root@nicktming:~#
4. 参考
1. https://blog.csdn.net/csdn066/article/details/77165269
2. https://blog.csdn.net/xbw_linux123/article/details/81873490
5. 全部内容
mydocker.png
1. [mydocker]---环境说明
2. [mydocker]---urfave cli 理解
3. [mydocker]---Linux Namespace
4. [mydocker]---Linux Cgroup
5. [mydocker]---构造容器01-实现run命令
6. [mydocker]---构造容器02-实现资源限制01
7. [mydocker]---构造容器02-实现资源限制02
8. [mydocker]---构造容器03-实现增加管道
9. [mydocker]---通过例子理解存储驱动AUFS
10. [mydocker]---通过例子理解chroot 和 pivot_root
11. [mydocker]---一步步实现使用busybox创建容器
12. [mydocker]---一步步实现使用AUFS包装busybox
13. [mydocker]---一步步实现volume操作
14. [mydocker]---实现保存镜像
15. [mydocker]---实现容器的后台运行
16. [mydocker]---实现查看运行中容器
17. [mydocker]---实现查看容器日志
18. [mydocker]---实现进入容器Namespace
19. [mydocker]---实现停止容器
20. [mydocker]---实现删除容器
21. [mydocker]---实现容器层隔离
22. [mydocker]---实现通过容器制作镜像
23. [mydocker]---实现cp操作
24. [mydocker]---实现容器指定环境变量
25. [mydocker]---网际协议IP
26. [mydocker]---网络虚拟设备veth bridge iptables
27. [mydocker]---docker的四种网络模型与原理实现(1)
28. [mydocker]---docker的四种网络模型与原理实现(2)
29. [mydocker]---容器地址分配
30. [mydocker]---网络net/netlink api 使用解析
31. [mydocker]---网络实现
32. [mydocker]---网络实现测试
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