git通过webhook实现自动化部署

我们在使用git的时候，提交代码并推送到服务器库(如:github、bitbucket、码云)，我们需要登录到我们的web服务去抓取服务器库的代码，这样非常的麻烦。

那首先得在服务器上已经安装好了git，不懂看这里
修改根目录的权限

chmod -R 777 /你的目录/ 

然后在更目录新建一个update.php
外网的话配置好域名和对公IP
内网的话配置好hosts内的映射

<?php

date_default_timezone_set('Europe/London');

class Deploy {

    /**
     * A callback function to call after the deploy has finished.
     *
     * @var callback
     */
    public $post_deploy;

    /**
     * The name of the file that will be used for logging deployments. Set to
     * FALSE to disable logging.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $_log = 'deployments.log';

    /**
     * The timestamp format used for logging.
     *
     * @link    http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.date.php
     * @var     string
     */
    private $_date_format = 'Y-m-d H:i:sP';

    /**
     * The name of the branch to pull from.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $_branch = 'master';

    /**
     * The name of the remote to pull from.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $_remote = 'origin';

    /**
     * The directory where your website and git repository are located, can be
     * a relative or absolute path
     *
     * @var string
     */
    private $_directory;

    /**
     * Sets up defaults.
     *
     * @param  string  $directory  Directory where your website is located
     * @param  array   $data       Information about the deployment
     */
    public function __construct($directory, $options = array())
    {
        // Determine the directory path
        $this->_directory = realpath($directory).DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;

        $available_options = array('log', 'date_format', 'branch', 'remote');

        foreach ($options as $option => $value)
        {
            if (in_array($option, $available_options))
            {
                $this->{'_'.$option} = $value;
            }
        }

        $this->log('Attempting deployment...');
    }

    /**
     * Writes a message to the log file.
     *
     * @param  string  $message  The message to write
     * @param  string  $type     The type of log message (e.g. INFO, DEBUG, ERROR, etc.)
     */
    public function log($message, $type = 'INFO')
    {
        if ($this->_log)
        {
            // Set the name of the log file
            $filename = $this->_log;

            if ( ! file_exists($filename))
            {
                // Create the log file
                file_put_contents($filename, '');

                // Allow anyone to write to log files
                chmod($filename, 0666);
            }

            // Write the message into the log file
            // Format: time --- type: message
            file_put_contents($filename, date($this->_date_format).' --- '.$type.': '.$message.PHP_EOL, FILE_APPEND);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Executes the necessary commands to deploy the website.
     */
    public function execute()
    {
        try
        {
            // Make sure we're in the right directory
            chdir($this->_directory);
            $this->log('Changing working directory... ');

            // Discard any changes to tracked files since our last deploy
            exec('git reset --hard HEAD', $output);
            $this->log('Reseting repository... '.implode(' ', $output));

            // Update the local repository
            exec('git pull '.$this->_remote.' '.$this->_branch, $output);
            $this->log('Pulling in changes... '.implode(' ', $output));

            // Secure the .git directory
            exec('chmod -R og-rx .git');
            $this->log('Securing .git directory... ');

            if (is_callable($this->post_deploy))
            {
                call_user_func($this->post_deploy, $this->_data);
            }

            $this->log('Deployment successful.');
        }
        catch (Exception $e)
        {
            $this->log($e, 'ERROR');
        }
    }

}

// This is just an example
$deploy = new Deploy('/www/web/demo/public_html');

$deploy->execute();

?>

然后登录各大代码服务器(github、bitbucket)等等设置webhook为http://www.demo.com/update.php

好了这样你提交的话服务器会自动pull代码

但是我卡在这里，一直都无法pull代码下去，原因很简单ssh是root用户，apache是用apache用户的，nginx是默认www用户的，所以我们要创建对应的ssh密钥，然后添加到各大代码服务器(github、bitbucket)

//apache
sudo -u apache ssh-keygen -t rsa -C “yuh945@gmail.com”
//www
sudo -u www ssh-keygen -t rsa -C “yuh945@gmail.com”

如果创建ssh遇到无法创建，那一般是用户对于的文件夹权限不足，或者文件夹不存在
用以下的命令修改一下用户的用户目录和用户目录的权限

vi /etc/group
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
uucp:x:10:14:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
gopher:x:13:30:gopher:/var/gopher:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
vcsa:x:69:69:virtual console memory owner:/dev:/sbin/nologin
saslauth:x:499:76:"Saslauthd user":/var/empty/saslauth:/sbin/nologin
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
apache:x:48:48:Apache:/var/www:/sbin/nologin
mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/bash
ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
mailnull:x:47:47::/var/spool/mqueue:/sbin/nologin
smmsp:x:51:51::/var/spool/mqueue:/sbin/nologin
www:x:1000:1000::/dev/null:/sbin/nologin
wdcpu:x:999:999::/www/wdlinux/wdcp:/sbin/nologin

这样基本就不会有什么问题了，走了好多弯路才写下来。