题目地址
https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/implement-trie-prefix-tree/
题目描述
Trie(发音类似 "try")或者说 前缀树 是一种树形数据结构,用于高效地存储和检索字符串数据集中的键。这一数据结构有相当多的应用情景,例如自动补完和拼写检查。
请你实现 Trie 类:
Trie() 初始化前缀树对象。
void insert(String word) 向前缀树中插入字符串 word 。
boolean search(String word) 如果字符串 word 在前缀树中,返回 true(即,在检索之前已经插入);否则,返回 false 。
boolean startsWith(String prefix) 如果之前已经插入的字符串 word 的前缀之一为 prefix ,返回 true ;否则,返回 false 。
示例:
输入
["Trie", "insert", "search", "search", "startsWith", "insert", "search"]
[[], ["apple"], ["apple"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"], ["app"]]
输出
[null, null, true, false, true, null, true]
解释
Trie trie = new Trie();
trie.insert("apple");
trie.search("apple"); // 返回 True
trie.search("app"); // 返回 False
trie.startsWith("app"); // 返回 True
trie.insert("app");
trie.search("app"); // 返回 True
提示:
1 <= word.length, prefix.length <= 2000
word 和 prefix 仅由小写英文字母组成
insert、search 和 startsWith 调用次数 总计 不超过 3 * 104 次
题解
class Trie {
private Node root = new Node();
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
public Trie() {
}
/** Inserts a word into the trie. */
public void insert(String word) {
Node node = root;
for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) {
char ch = word.charAt(i);
Node next = node.addNextIfAbsent(ch);
node = next;
}
node.markEnd();
}
/** Returns if the word is in the trie. */
public boolean search(String word) {
Node node = find(word);
return node != null && node.isEnd();
}
/** Returns if there is any word in the trie that starts with the given prefix. */
public boolean startsWith(String prefix) {
return find(prefix) != null;
}
public Node find(String word) {
Node node = root;
for (int i = 0; i < word.length(); i++) {
char ch = word.charAt(i);
Node next = node.findNext(ch);
if (next == null) {
return null;
}
node = next;
}
return node;
}
private static class Node {
private Map<Character, Node> children;
private boolean end;
public Node() {
children = new HashMap<>();
end = false;
}
public Node findNext(char ch) {
return this.children.get(ch);
}
public Node addNextIfAbsent(char ch) {
Node next = findNext(ch);
if (next == null) {
next = new Node();
this.children.put(ch, next);
}
return next;
}
public boolean isEnd() {
return this.end;
}
public void markEnd() {
this.end = true;
}
}
}
/**
* Your Trie object will be instantiated and called as such:
* Trie obj = new Trie();
* obj.insert(word);
* boolean param_2 = obj.search(word);
* boolean param_3 = obj.startsWith(prefix);
*/
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