2. IDEA使用Maven

1.1 创建Maven Web项目

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1.2 Maven GAV

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1.3 Maven设置

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1.4 自动下载导包

出现BUILD SUCCESS即说明导包成功

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1.5 IDEA中的Maven设置

注意检查MavenHome，防止项目创建后被IDEA自动设置成默认

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1.6 Maven Web项目

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1.7 pom.xml文件

pom.xml是Maven的核心配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--Maven版本和头文件-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <!--我们自己配置的GAV-->
  <groupId>com.jj</groupId>
  <artifactId>javaweb-01-maven</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
<!--
packaging：项目的打包方式
         - jar：Java应用
         - war：JavaWeb应用
-->

  <name>javaweb-01-maven Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

<!--配置-->
  <properties>
  <!--项目的默认构建编码-->
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <!--编码版本-->
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

<!--项目依赖-->
  <dependencies>
  <!--具体依赖的jar包配置-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
<!--项目构建用的东西-->
  <build>
    <finalName>javaweb-01-maven</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

1.8 Maven的高级之处

<!--Maven的高级之处在于，他会帮你导入这个JAR包所依赖的其他jar-->
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.3.7</version>
    </dependency>