1. Goose Extractor
1.1 Python Goose介绍
Goose Extractor是一个Python的开源文章提取库。可以用它提取文章的文本内容、图片、视频、元信息和标签。Goose本来是由Gravity.com编写的Java库，最近转向了scala。
Goose Extractor网站是这么介绍的：
Goose Extractor完全用Python重写了。目标是给定任意资讯文章或者任意文章类的网页，不仅提取出文章的主体，同时提取出所有元信息以及图片等信息。
Goose Extractor基于NLTK和Beautiful Soup，分别是文本处理和HTML解析的领导者。用Python进行文章提取可以使用Python Goose。
Goose目前只支持Python2
1.2 安装Python Goose
pip install goose-extractor
直接使用Url链接抽取示例：
from goose import Goose
url = 'https://www.fireeye.com/blog/executive-perspective/2017/08/fireeye-provides-update-on-allegations-of-breach.html'
g = Goose()
article = g.extract(url=url)
print article.title
print article.meta_description
print article.cleaned_text[:150]
print article.top_image.src
使用Html文档抽取示例：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import goose,urllib2,sys
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding("utf-8")
#url = "https://www.fireeye.com/blog/executive-perspective/2017/08/anti-encryption-and-cyber-sovereignty.html"
url = "https://krebsonsecurity.com/2017/09/equifax-hackers-stole-200k-credit-card-accounts-in-one-fell-swoop/"
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor())
response = opener.open(url)
raw_html = response.read()
g = goose.Goose()
article = g.extract(raw_html=raw_html)
print article.title.encode('gbk', 'ignore')
print article.meta_description.encode('gbk', 'ignore')
print article.cleaned_text.encode('gbk', 'ignore')
1.3 urllib2获取的HTML网页乱码问题
网页可能是压缩了，看里面是不是有 Content-Encoding:xxx
如果是压缩了，需要手动解压，urllib是不会帮你解压的
解决代码：
#-*- encoding: utf-8 -*-
import urllib2,gzip,StringIO
url = r'https://krebsonsecurity.com/2017/09/equifax-hackers-stole-200k-credit-card-accounts-in-one-fell-swoop/'
response = urllib2.urlopen(url)
stream = StringIO.StringIO(response.read())
with gzip.GzipFile(fileobj=stream) as f:
data = f.read()
print(data)
附一篇文章谈Python编码：也谈Python的中文编码处理
2. Boilerpipe
Github开源代码：Boilerpipe
在开源系统里Boilerpipe的precision和recall都好过Goose，甚至比收费的Alchemy API还要好。Boilerpipe是Java的，在Python里调用需要用python-boilerpipe这个包装，它底层用的是jpype。也可以用JCC来调。代码如下：
安装：
git clone https://github.com/misja/python-boilerpipe.git
cd python-boilerpipe
pip install -r requirements.txt
python setup.py install
使用：
from boilerpipe.extract import Extractor
url = "https://krebsonsecurity.com/2017/09/equifax-hackers-stole-200k-credit-card-accounts-in-one-fell-swoop/"
extractor = Extractor(extractor='ArticleExtractor', url=url)
print extractor.getText().encode('gbk', 'ignore')
或传入一个HTML文本作为参数：
extractor = Extractor(extractor='ArticleExtractor', html=myWebPage)
用getText() or getHTML() 拿回处理过的纯文本或加亮了正文的HTML
processed_plaintext = extractor.getText()
highlighted_html = extractor.getHTML()
也可以用JCC把Java的包编译成Python可以调用的包
wget http://boilerpipe.googlecode.com/files/boilerpipe-1.2.0-bin.tar.gz
tar xvzf boilerpipe-*.tar.gz
cd boilerpipe-1.2.0
sudo python -m jcc \ --jar boilerpipe-1.2.0.jar \ --classpath lib/nekohtml-1.9.13.jar \ --classpath lib/xerces-2.9.1.jar \ --package java.net \ java.net.URL \ --python boilerpipe --build --install
使用:
import boilerpipe
jars = ':'.join(('lib/nekohtml-1.9.13.jar', 'lib/xerces-2.9.1.jar'))
boilerpipe.initVM(boilerpipe.CLASSPATH+':'+jars)
extractor = boilerpipe.ArticleExtractor.getInstance()
url = boilerpipe.URL('http://readthedocs.org/docs/jcc')
extractor.getText(url)
3. 各种Python正文抽取工具比较
各种Python正文抽取工具比较
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