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朗阁海外考试研究中心张开翼
很多同学对雅思口语Part 3的问题感到“力不从心”,不明白它的出题规律和范围,今天我们就来看一下口语中号称“最难搞定”的Part
3题目。
首先我们来看看Part 3到底都考哪些题目呢?朗阁海外考试研究中心的老师们经过多年统计,对Part
3的话题范围做了一个大概的统计,请看以下表格:
Food&Health
Weather&Season
Travelling
Festivals&Parties
Media&Celebrities
Cities&Countryside
Shopping
Sport&Games
Clothing
Music
Animals
Reading&Writing
Collection
Employment
Photos
Buildings (Museums, Libraries)
Nature
Language
Paintings
Volunteers&Charities
从上面的表格可以看出,Part 3的绝大部分话题跟Part 1的很多话题范围很类似,大家是不是可以稍微松一口气了?但是既然是两个不同的parts,提问方式和题型肯定是有所不同的。相比提问Part
1的“随意”,在提问Part
3时会更加正式一些,而且经常伴随让同学们就一个问题或现象相比较的形式,比较的范围大家可以参考下面的表格:
Males
or
FemalesElderly
or
ChildrenThe Present
or
The Future/PastTraditions
or
High TechnologyGovernment
or
CitizensIndividuals
or
Teams
同学们对上面表格里的比较范围应该不会陌生,因为我们在Part 1里也是经常遇到过的,如“Do you think people will drive more in the future?”就是比较“The Present or The Future”的常见例子,还有“What’s
the difference between men and women’s preference on colors?”就是比较“Males or Females”, “Do gardens play the
same role for old people and young people?”是比较“Elderly or Children”, “What are the
differences between emails and letters”是比较“Traditions or High Technology”,而“Which is more
important, public gardens or private gardens?”则是比较“Individuals or Teams”等。当然同学们在回答Part
3问题时不必像学术论文一样“深思熟虑,据理力争”,要记住,雅思口语考试不是论文答辩,是跟生活息息相关的生活常识,同学们只需要阐明自己的观点即可。
下面就让我们来看看在Part 3中遇到“对比”类型的题目该怎么来回答。
上次我们跟同学们介绍了一个口语常见的“TSC(Topic
Sentence + Supporting Details + Conclusion)”结构,这个结构同样适用于Part
3。假如Part
3的问题类型是“What’s the difference between…”的形式,那么同学们的T就可以参考以下句型:
The maindifferences I can think of now are...
There’re acouple of differences between them.
There are quite a fewdifferences between them.
Well, actually, thereare a variety of differences between them.
It seems tome like they are just totally different.
I would saythere are a whole lot of distinctions.
当然,假如在Part 3里比较的对象真的十分类似,没有太大的不同,大家可以直接表述自己的观点,不必非要“鸡蛋里面挑骨头”地比较它们,大家可以“直言不讳”地说明“That’s just like comparing apples and
oranges”,或者用其他的句型阐明,“没啥好比较的”,如:
Honestly, Idon’t think there’s much difference between them.
Well, it seems theyare very similar.
Actually,they have a lot in common.
大家有了“T(论点)”了,下一步应该就是支撑自己论点的“S(论据)”了。一般比较题型中同学们都会想到1-2点不同,所以大家的论据不妨给两点,“the more the merrier”,论据越多,越能显示自己词汇量和观点的充足,本着英文“大头放前面,越重要的越最先说”的原则,同学们的第一条论据应该就是比较对象最明显的不同,那么第一条“S(论据)”的句型可以是:
The mostobvious one is...
The mostsignificant one is...
The most essentialone is...
The most fundamentalone is...
Comparedwith...,...
Unlike...,...
第二条“S(论据)”开头注意一定要有连接词,在这种情况下应该用表示递进关系的连接词,如Besides, Also, In addition等,句型可以稍微随意一些,毕竟最重要(或最明显)的不同点已经放在第一条了。
Also,...
Besides,...
Apart from that,...
Additionally,...
A seconddifference would be...
以上两种表达“不同点”的句型适用于大部分Part 3的对比话题,如“Males or Females”, “Elderly or
Children”, “Traditions or High
Technology”, “Government or Citizens”,“Individuals or Teams”等,因为提问的形式大都是一般现在时,所以同学们在回答的时候不必太担心时态的变化,保持时态一致即可。
但是如果提问的对比对象是“The Present or The Future/Past”,那么同学们在回答的时候就要注意时态的变化了,谈及“past”时肯定要用过去时态,聊到“present”时用现在时态,提到“future”时不出意外肯定会有“will…”、“is going to…”等将来时态。所以,“S(论据)”的句型要点明时间,同学们可以参考以下句型:
In the past...
People usedto...
Traditionally...
Historically...
In theprevious centuries...
Today,...
Now,...
Currently,...
At present,...
These days,...
In thefuture...
10/20 yearsfrom now...
In years to come...
Who knows, in thefuture...
It’s verylikely in the future...
表达完“不同点”了,基本就可以结束自己的答案了,也就是该说“C(结尾)”了。按照我们上次总结的规律,“C”一直都是跟“T”一脉相承的,同学们的观点是什么,结尾就跟观点一致,要“首尾呼应”,不要“虎头蛇尾”。既然开头表明讨论对象有很大不同,然后也解释过不同点了,那么结尾的句型就可以是以下几种了,如:
Those arethe main differences between them.
So, you see, they aretotally different.
There areother differences as well, but basically these are the main ones.
当然,同学们也可以回答得更随意一些,如:
I guess that’s it.
So that’sabout it.
Well, I think that’sall.
以上就是Part 3里表达“对比”问题的句型,下次我们来看看其他Part
3的题型该怎么解答。
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