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Linux CentOS7 (Windows)系统安装 MyS

Linux CentOS7 (Windows)系统安装 MyS

作者: 挂机的啊洋zzZ | 来源:发表于2019-01-26 01:01 被阅读0次
    MySQL.png

    Linux CentOS7 (Windows)系统安装 MySQL

    MySQL 是最流行的关系型数据库管理系统,在 WEB 应用方面 MySQL 是最好的 RDBMS(Relational Database Management System:关系数据库管理系统)应用软件之一。

    优秀博客:
    https://blog.csdn.net/jubincn/article/details/6725582
    http://www.runoob.com/mysql/mysql-install.html

    Navicat Premium 12.1.12.0安装与激活:
    https://www.jianshu.com/p/5f693b4c9468


    MySQL 安装

    检测系统是否自带安装 MySQL:

    rpm -qa | grep mysql
    

    如果你系统有安装,那可以选择进行卸载:

    rpm -e mysql  // 普通删除模式
    rpm -e --nodeps mysql  // 强力删除模式,如果使用上面命令删除时,提示有依赖的其它文件,则用该命令可以对其进行强力删除
    

    安装 MySQL:
    yum 资源包:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

    [root@localhost software]# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
    [root@localhost software]# rpm -ivh [root@localhost software]# mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
    [root@localhost software]# yum update
    [root@localhost software]# yum install mysql-server
    

    权限设置:

    [root@localhost software]# chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql
    

    初始化 MySQL:

    [root@localhost software]# mysqld --initialize
    

    注意:

    可能会出现以下错误提示

    Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!
    

    原因:

    Mysql的解释是:永远不要使用root帐号启动MySQL Server。这样做很危险,因为拥有FILE'权限的用户会使得MySQL Server使用root帐户创建文件(比如,~root/.bashrc),为了防止类似的事情发生,mysqld默认拒绝用户使用root帐户启动,但root用户可以通过在命令后面加上"--user=root"选项来强行启动mysqld。

    解决方法:

    [root@localhost software]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    

    新增:

    user=mysql #或者user=root
    

    启动 MySQL:

    [root@localhost software]# systemctl start mysqld
    

    查看 MySQL 运行状态:

    [root@localhost software]# systemctl status mysqld
    
       mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
       Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
       Active: active (running) since 五 2019-01-25 21:20:53 CST; 35s ago
      Process: 66362 ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
      Process: 66300 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
     Main PID: 66360 (mysqld_safe)
       CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
               ├─66360 /bin/sh /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr
               └─66539 /usr/sbin/mysqld --basedir=/usr --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/lib64/mysql/plugin --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysq...
    
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[66300]: Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[66300]: Note: new default config file not created.
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[66300]: Please make sure your config file is current
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[66300]: WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[66300]: This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[66300]: If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysql-systemd-start[66300]: --defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[66360]: 190125 21:20:52 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'.
    1月 25 21:20:52 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[66360]: 190125 21:20:52 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
    1月 25 21:20:53 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.
    

    验证 MySQL 安装;
    在 linux 上目录为 /usr/bin 目录,在 Windows 为 C:\mysql\bin 。

    [root@localhost software]# mysqladmin --version
     mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.6.43, for Linux on x86_64
    [root@localhost software]# 
    

    登录:

    [root@localhost software]# mysql
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 2
    Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> 
    

    可以测试一下mysql命令:

    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database           |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | mysql              |
    | performance_schema |
    +--------------------+
    3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
    
    mysql> 
    
    Mysql设置密码:

    默认的root用户密码为空,以下命令来创建root用户的密码:

    [root@localhost software]# mysqladmin -u root password "root";
    Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    

    再次连接

    [root@localhost software]# mysql -u root -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 5
    Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> 
    

    注意:在输入密码时,密码是不会显示了,你正确输入即可。


    Windows 上安装 MySQL

    下载地址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

    本次解压完后放在 C:\web\mysql-8.0.11 下。

    接下来我们需要配置下 MySQL 的配置文件。

    在C:\web\mysql-8.0.11目录下创建 my.ini ,新增以下内容:

    [mysql]
    # 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
    default-character-set=utf8
     
    [mysqld]
    # 设置3306端口
    port = 3306
    # 设置mysql的安装目录
    basedir=C:\\web\\mysql-8.0.11
    # 设置 mysql数据库的数据的存放目录,MySQL 8+ 不需要以下配置,系统自己生成即可,否则有可能报错
    # datadir=C:\\web\\sqldata
    # 允许最大连接数
    max_connections=20
    # 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码的latin1字符集
    character-set-server=utf8
    # 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
    default-storage-engine=INNODB
    

    初始化数据库:

    cd C:\web\mysql-8.0.11\bin
    mysqld --initialize --console
    

    执行完成后,会有初始密码,回头会用到。
    安装:

    mysqld install
    

    启动:

    net start mysql
    

    在 5.7 需要初始化 data 目录:

    cd C:\web\mysql-8.0.11\bin 
    mysqld --initialize-insecure 
    

    然后再 net start mysql 。

    登录 MySQL
    [root@localhost software]# mysql -u root -p
    Enter password: 
    Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
    Your MySQL connection id is 8
    Server version: 5.6.43 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
    
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
    
    mysql> 
    

    输入密码就行,密码默认不显示。

    MySQL 重置密码

    如果忘记密码,可以在/etc/my.conf文件中在,找到 [mysqld] 之后再它下面,新增一行 skip-grant-tables (跳过密码)

    skip-grant-tables
    

    重启

    service mysql restart
    

    登录

    mysql -u root -p
    

    修改密码 :

    mysql> use mysql;
    mysql>  update user set authentication_string=password("123456") where user='root';
    mysql> flush privileges;  # 刷新权限
    

    或者:

    service mysql stop
    

    进入目录,以安全模式启动 MySQL

    cd /usr/local/mysql/bin  
    ./mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables & 
    

    或者

    update user set authentication_string=password("123456"),plugin='mysql_native_password' where user='root';
    

    如果问题,欢迎留言:)

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