pipenv的使用

pipenv是pip和virtualenv的合体，用来管理python环境，因为是在国内使用，建议替换成国内源,参考地址 ：

• 豆瓣源： https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple

• 清华源： https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

• 默认python源： https://pypi.org/simple

• 阿里云：http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

• 中科大：https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/

使用需要先安装python、pip和pipenv，请自行百度，安装完成后，进行pipenv安装

  pip install pipenv

经常出现下载慢或者链接超时的问题，请使用windows系统的童鞋修改源：

  （1）：在windows文件管理器中,输入 %APPDATA%

  （2）：会定位到一个新的目录下，在该目录下新建pip文件夹，然后到pip文件夹里面去新建个pip.ini文件

  （3）：在新建的pip.ini文件中输入以下内容，搞定文件路   径："C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Roaming\pip\pip.ini"
  [global]
      index-url = https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple
  [install]
      trusted-host = pypi.doubanio.com

用法

1、打开终端(cmder/terminal)，进入到项目根目录下，执行

        pipenv install     #默认环境变量里配置的python版本

        pipenv --python path-to-python   #指定python版本安装虚拟环境，也可用 pipenv --three

2、进入虚拟环境，安装各种依赖包：

        pipenv shell

        pipenv install -r requirements.txt     #项目之前使用requirements.txt管理包，可以切换一下

PS：具体使用命令不一一详解，请参考:

(practice_floder-FsVo9ztC) λ pipenv -h                                        
Usage: pipenv [OPTIONS] COMMAND [ARGS]...                                     
                                                                              
Options:                                                                      
  --where             Output project home information.                        
  --venv              Output virtualenv information.                          
  --py                Output Python interpreter information.                  
  --envs              Output Environment Variable options.                    
  --rm                Remove the virtualenv.                                  
  --bare              Minimal output.                                         
  --completion        Output completion (to be eval'd).                       
  --man               Display manpage.                                        
  --support           Output diagnostic information for use in GitHub issues. 
  --site-packages     Enable site-packages for the virtualenv.  [env var:     
                      PIPENV_SITE_PACKAGES]                                   
  --python TEXT       Specify which version of Python virtualenv should use.  
  --three / --two     Use Python 3/2 when creating virtualenv.                
  --clear             Clears caches (pipenv, pip, and pip-tools).  [env var:  
                      PIPENV_CLEAR]                                           
  -v, --verbose       Verbose mode.                                           
  --pypi-mirror TEXT  Specify a PyPI mirror.                                  
  --version           Show the version and exit.                              
  -h, --help          Show this message and exit.                             
                                                                              
                                                                              
Usage Examples:                                                               
   Create a new project using Python 3.7, specifically:                       
   $ pipenv --python 3.7                                                      
                                                                              
   Remove project virtualenv (inferred from current directory):               
   $ pipenv --rm                                                              
                                                                              
   Install all dependencies for a project (including dev):                    
   $ pipenv install --dev                                                     
                                                                              
   Create a lockfile containing pre-releases:                                 
   $ pipenv lock --pre                                                        
                                                                              
   Show a graph of your installed dependencies:                               
   $ pipenv graph                                                             
                                                                              
   Check your installed dependencies for security vulnerabilities:            
   $ pipenv check                                                             
                                                                              
   Install a local setup.py into your virtual environment/Pipfile:            
   $ pipenv install -e .                                                      
                                                                              
   Use a lower-level pip command:                                             
   $ pipenv run pip freeze                                                    
                                                                              
Commands:                                                                     
  check      Checks for security vulnerabilities and against PEP 508 markers  
             provided in Pipfile.                                             
  clean      Uninstalls all packages not specified in Pipfile.lock.           
  graph      Displays currently-installed dependency graph information.       
  install    Installs provided packages and adds them to Pipfile, or (if no   
             packages are given), installs all packages from Pipfile.         
  lock       Generates Pipfile.lock.                                          
  open       View a given module in your editor.                              
  run        Spawns a command installed into the virtualenv.                  
  shell      Spawns a shell within the virtualenv.                            
  sync       Installs all packages specified in Pipfile.lock.                 
  uninstall  Un-installs a provided package and removes it from Pipfile.      
  update     Runs lock, then sync. 

常见问题：

  pipenv.patched.notpip._vendor.urllib3.exceptions.ReadTimeoutError:        
  HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.