PEAK15

Holm had to train extra hard to make up for this deficit.

If you're running a deficit, you are losing. You might be losing money or losing a game. Either way, you better make up for it.

When the government runs on a deficit, often the loss can be offset by a raise in taxes. If you have a deficit of iron in your body, you should consider eating more spinach. The word deficit comes from the Latin deficit meaning "it is wanting." A deficit is characterized by the wanting of something missing.

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He has been training under coaches who know how to get the most out of an athlete.

most前面通常没有the，如果有the，则意义发生变化，不再是“什么的大多数”，the most本身单独成了个名词成分，表示“最大的收益”或“充其量的限度”。【例如】Make the most of your time. 充分利用你的时间（注意：不要误为“你时间的最大部分”）。/ Behavior is caused by brain activity, and the most genes can do is to shape the wiring. 行为是由大脑活动引起的，基因最多只能塑造线路（注意：不要误为“大多数基因”）。/ Jane should therefore make the most of every half hour in which she can command his attention. (Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice, Chapter Six) 因此珍妮就得时时刻刻留神，一看到有机会可以逗引他，千万不要错过。

同义替换：I don't think that some people are born with innate talents,

which smooths the way and lead them to excel / which enables them to have easier time developing a skill  /to whom some tasks formidable to others are just a breeze.

smooth the way

■to remove difficulties first and make something easier to do or achieve使顺利，使顺畅

•We encourage parents to help smooth their children's way through school.我们鼓励父母帮助自己的孩子为求学之道铺路。

Others disagree, however, and argue that IQ is best thought of not as innate intelligence but rather simply as what IQ tests measure

围棋基本常识：

Go, which has often been referred to as the Asian version of chess. It is played by two people who alternately 交替place their stones棋子—white for one player, black for the other— on one of the intersecting points on the 19 x 19 grid 网格that makes up the board.棋盘 The goal is to surround and capture劫 the other player’s stones, and the winner is the one who controls the larger area of the board at the end of the game.

Unlike the best chess-playing computer programs, which can consistently beat chess grandmasters, the best Go programs—at least as this is written in 2015—cannot stand up to top-ranked Go players.

然而，两年后...

两连败！人机大战柯洁不敌AlphaGo

In the 2017 Future of Go Summit, AlphaGo beat Ke Jie, the world No.1 ranked player at the time, in a three-game match. After this, AlphaGo was awarded professional 9-dan by Chinese Weiqi Association. After the match between AlphaGo and Ke Jie, AlphaGo retired while DeepMind continues AI research in other areas.

如何训练：AlphaGo was initially trained to mimic模仿 human play by attempting to match the moves of expert players from recorded historical games, using a database of around 30 million moves.

As of 2016, AlphaGo's algorithm uses a combination of machine learning and tree search techniques, combined with extensive training, both from human and computer play. It uses Monte Carlo tree search, guided by a "value network" and a "policy network," both implemented using deep neural network technology.

他们说：

Many top Go players characterized AlphaGo's unorthodox plays as seemingly-questionable moves that initially befuddled onlookers, but made sense in hindsight.

After game two, Lee emphasized that the defeat was "Lee Se-dol's defeat" and "not a defeat of mankind".Lee said his eventual loss to a machine was "inevitable" but stated that "robots will never understand the beauty of the game the same way that we humans do."

As noted by entrepreneur Guy Suter, AlphaGo itself only knows how to play Go, and doesn't possess general purpose intelligence: "[It] couldn't just wake up one morning and decide it wants to learn how to use firearms"

感悟：有一点我觉得很有趣，对于基因我们了解的还不够多。如果说曾经我们一位基因本身决定了一个人的某方面的才能和极限高度，那么现在我们更倾向于相信，Behavior is caused by brain activity, and the most genes can do is to shape the wiring. 行为是由大脑活动引起的，基因最多只能塑造线路。因此，一个人只可能比另一个更容易从画画中激发乐趣，精神更容易集中，而不是谁比谁更具有画画天赋。